CHAPTER ASSESSMENT
THE PROGRESSIVE ERA
VISUAL SUMMARY
SOCIAL & MORAL
INDUSTRY
• women fight for the right to vote
• Eighteenth Amendment bans
alcoholic beverages
• Social services for women,
children, and the poor
• National Child Labor Committee
organizes to end child labor
• reformers improve workplace
conditions and set maximum
working hours
• Roosevelt establishes a Square
Deal
• new tax system is instituted
• Roosevelt breaks up trusts
ECONOMIC
POLITICAL
• elections are reformed
• citizens given greater voice in
government: recall, initiative,
referendum
• conservationists establish wilder-
ness conservation areas and
preserve natural resources
• Pure Food and Drug Act protects
consumers
HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT
✹
P
ROGRESSIVISM
TERMS & NAMES
For each term or name below, write a sentence explain-
ing its connection to the Progressive Era.
1. progressive movement 7. Gifford Pinchot
2. muckraker 8. Woodrow Wilson
3. suffrage 9. Clayton Antitrust
4. Susan B. Anthony Act
5. Theodore Roosevelt 10. Federal Reserve
6. NAACP System
MAIN IDEAS
Use your notes and the information in the chapter to
answer the following questions.
The Origins of Progressivism (pages 512–518)
1. What were the four goals that various progressive
reform movements struggled to achieve?
2. What kind of state labor laws resulted from progres-
sives’ lobbying to protect workers?
3. How did government change during the Progressive
Era? How were these changes important?
Women in Public Life (pages 519–522)
4. In the late 1890s, what job opportunities were avail-
able to uneducated women without industrial skills?
5. Give two examples of national women’s organizations
committed to social activism. Briefly describe their
progressive missions.
Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal (pages 523–531)
6. What scandalous practices did Upton Sinclair expose
in his novel The Jungle? How did the American public,
Roosevelt, and Congress respond?
7. How did Roosevelt earn his reputation as a trust-
buster?
Progressivism Under Taft (pages 534–537)
8. As a progressive, how did Taft compare with
Roosevelt?
9. Why did the Republican Party split during Taft’s
administration?
Wilson’s New Freedom (pages 538–543)
10. How did the Clayton Antitrust Act benefit labor?
11. Cite two examples of social welfare legislation that
Wilson opposed during his presidency and the argu-
ments he used to defend his position.
CRITICAL THINKING
1. USING YOUR NOTES Create a Venn diagram to show
some of the similarities and differences between
Roosevelt’s Square Deal and Wilson’s New Freedom.
2. DEVELOPING HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE What social,
political, and economic trends in American life do you
think caused the reform impulse during the Progressive
Era? Support your answer with details from the text.
544
New
Freedom
Square
Deal
Both