574 CHAPTER 18
CHAPTER ASSESSMENT
A
MERICAN
I
MPERIALISM
VISUAL SUMMARY
A
MERICA
C
LAIMS
AN
E
MPIRE
CAUSES
• Economic competition among industrial
nations
• Political and military competition, including
the creation of a strong naval force
• A belief in Anglo-Saxon superiority
• The U.S. purchased Alaska in 1867.
• The U.S. annexed Hawaii in 1898.
• In 1898, the U.S. helped Cuba win
independence from Spain.
• In the Treaty of Paris, the U.S. gained
Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippine
Islands.
• Following the Spanish-American War, the
U.S.
—reorganized the government of Puerto Rico
—established a protectorate over Cuba
—crushed a revolt in Philippines
• In 1899, the Open Door policy established
U.S. trading rights in China.
• In the early 1900s, President Roosevelt
initiated plans for the Panama Canal and
asserted the right of the U.S. to exercise
police power in the Western Hemisphere.
• President Wilson pressured Mexico and
other countries in the Western Hemisphere
to establish democratic governments.
TERMS & NAMES
For each term or name below, write a sentence explaining its
significance to U.S. foreign policy between 1890 and 1920.
1. Queen Liliuokalani 6. protectorate
2. imperialism 7. Open Door notes
3. José Martí 8. Boxer Rebellion
4. yellow journalism 9. Panama Canal
5. U.S.S. Maine 10. Roosevelt Corollary
MAIN IDEAS
Use your notes and the information in the chapter to answer
the following questions.
Imperialism and America (pages 548–551)
1. What three factors spurred American imperialism?
2. How did Queen Liliuokalani’s main goal conflict with
American imperialists’ goals?
The Spanish-American War (pages 552–557)
3. Why was American opinion about Cuban independence
divided?
4. Briefly describe the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898.
Acquiring New Lands (pages 558–564)
5. Why was the U.S. interested in events in Puerto Rico?
6. What sparked the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, and how was
it crushed?
7. What three key beliefs about America’s industrial capitalist
economy were reflected in the Open Door policy?
America as a World Power (pages 565–571)
8. What conflict triggered the war between Russia and Japan?
9. Why is the construction of the Panama Canal considered one
of the world’s greatest engineering feats?
10. Explain the key difference between Woodrow Wilson’s moral
diplomacy and Teddy Roosevelt’s “big stick” diplomacy.
CRITICAL THINKING
1. USING YOUR NOTES Create a Venn diagram like the one
below to show the similarities and differences between José
Martí of Cuba and Emilio Aguinaldo of the Philippines.
2. HYPOTHESIZING Would Cuba have won its independence in
the late 19th century if the United States had not intervened
there? Support your opinion with details from the text.
3. INTERPRETING MAPS Look carefully at the Caribbean map on
page 555 and the world map on page 562. Why do you think
American naval bases in the Caribbean and the Pacific were
beneficial to the United States?
Emilio
Aguinaldo
José Marti Both
EFFECTS
