! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!
!"#$%&'()*+,-.*(&/0(01&2.*31-4*05&6(40&7(5&8))&9*:;04&9141-31<=&&Any!unauthorized!reprint!or!use!of!this!document!is!prohibited!under!federal!law.!!!"#$%&'()%*'(+%,(-./0&was!
supported!by!a!grant!to!the!California!State!University!East!Bay!by!the!National!Science!Foundation!Discovery!Research!K12,!Award!No.!DRL-1418440.!PI:!
michele.korb@csueastbay.edu!or!contact!corinne.lardy@csus.edu,!michelle.sinapuelas@csueastbay.e d u !!
Last!Updated!8/26/2020!
8/6>&/?*1.?1&@&6.:*.11-*.:&A-(?0*?14&B/6AC&>,,)D&E131),F*.:&@&24*.:&G,<1)4!
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E131),F*.:&(.<&24*.:&G,<1)4D&A!practice!of!both!science!and!engineering!is!to!use!and!construct!models!as!helpful!tools!for!representing!
ideas!and!e x pl an a t ion s .!!Th es e!to o ls!in c lu d e!d ia gr ams,!drawin g s,!p h ys ica l!re p lic as ,!m a th e m a tic a l!re p re sen t a tio n s,!an a lo g ies ,!and!computer!
simulations.!!Modeling!tools!are!used!to!develop!questions,!predictions!and!explanations;!analyze!and!identify!flaws!in!systems;!and!communicate!
ideas.!!Mod el s!ar e!u s ed !to !b u ild!a n d !rev is e!sc ie nt ific!e x pl an a tio n s !an d !p ro p os ed !en g in e er in g!s ys te m s .!!M ea s ur ements!and !o b servations!are!used!to!
revise!models!and!designs.
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1) E14?-*V1&components!and!
characteristics!of!models!
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2) E131),F!models!consistent!with!prior!
evidence!or!theories!to!represent,!
explain,!and/or!describe!a!
phenomenon!
!
&&
!
!
!
!
!
3) 241!models!to!describe!relationships!
between!components,!predict!
outcomes,!and/or!test!ideas!to!explain!
a!phenomenon!
!
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!
!
!
!
4) ',IF(-1!and/or!13()M(01!features!
and!limitations!o f!(a)!model(s)!
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!
!
!
!
5) 913*41!models!based!on!additional!
evidence*!
!
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!
!
!
H,014&,.&',.01R0L/F1?*()&',.4*<1-(0*,.4&(part!of!school!year,!differentiation,!student!developmental!considera tions ,!etc.):!
!
*!Not!present!until!6-8!Grade!Band!
! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !
!"#$%&'()*+,-.*(&/0(01&2.*31-4*05&6(40&7(5&8))&9*:;04&9141-31<=&&Any!unauthorized!reprint!or!use!of!this!document!is!prohibited!under!federal!law.!!!"#$%&'()%*'(+%,(-./0&was!
supported!by!a!grant!to!the!California!State!University!East!Bay!by!the!National!Science!Foundation!Discovery!Research!K12,!Award!No.!DRL-1418440.!PI:!
michele.korb@csueastbay.edu!or!contact!corinne.lardy@csus.edu,!michelle.sinapuelas@csueastbay.edu!!
Last!Updated!8/26/2020!
8/6>&W-(<1&7(.<&'-*01-*(&4+"53%(65,317(89:;(<9=>!
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/6A&"D&E131),F*.:&(.<&24*.:&G,<1)4D&Modeling!in!K-2!builds!on!prior!experiences!and!progresses!to!include!using!and!developing!models!(i.e.,!diagram,!
drawing,!physical!replica,!diorama,!dramatization,!or!storyboard)!that!represents!concrete!events!or!design!solution s.!!Modeling!in!3 -5!builds!on!K-2!experiences!
and!progresses!to!building!and!revising!simple!models!and!using!models!to!represent!events!and!design!solutions.!
By!the!end!of!the!grade!band!1'23%,'1!will!have!had!a!structured!opportunity!to!develop!an!understanding!of!each!of!these.!!Individual!lessons!or!units!
should!include!opportu nities!for!1'23%,'1!to !prac tice!on e!or!m or e!of!the!follow ing !com p on ents!… …!
!
XY"&W-(<1&7(.<&
ZY%&W-(<1&7(.<&
1) E14?-*V1&components!
and!characteristics!of!
models!
From!a!given!model!(diagram,!drawing,!physical!replica,!
diorama,!dramatization,!or!storyboard)!students!identify!and!
describe!the!parts!of!the!model!and!how!they!represent!the!
real!world!phenomen on !!
From!a!given!model!(diagram,!drawing,!physical!replica,!diorama,!
dramatization,!or!storyboard)!students!identify!and!describe!the!
parts!of!the!model!and!how!they!represent!the!real!world!
phenomenon,!and!the!relationships!between!these!parts!
!
Students!(with!guidance)!may!need!to!identify!which!parts!of!the!
model!best!help!to!explain!the!phenomenon!
2) E131),F!models!
consistent!with!prior!
evidence!or!theories!to!
represent,!explain,!
and/or!describe!a!
phenomenon!
Students!develop!a!simple!model!(i.e.,!diagram,!drawing,!
physical!replica,!diorama,!dramatization,!or!storyboard)!V(41<&
,.&13*<1.?1!to!-1F-141.0&(&:*31.&F;1.,I1.,.N&F-,F,41<&
0,,)N&,V[1?0N&,-&<14*:.&45401I =&
!
Students:!
a. develop!a!model!to!make!sense!of!a!phenomenon!
!
b. collaboratively!<131),F!and/or!-13*41!a!model:!
i. based!on!evidence!
ii. that!shows!the!relationships!among!variables!for!+-1\M1.0&
(.<&-1:M)(-&,??M--*.:&131.04&using!an!(.(),:5N&1R(IF)1N&
,-&(V40-(?0&-1F-141.0(0*,.!to!describe!a!scientific!
principle!or!design!solution.!
3) 241!models!to!describe!
relationships!between!
components,!predict!
outcomes,!and/or!test!
ideas!to!exp la in !a !
phenomenon!
Students!use!a!model!to:!
a. represent!and!<14?-*V1!relationships!between!
components!in!the!model.!!These!could!include!describing!
amounts,!relationships,!relative!scales!(bigger,!smaller),!
and/or!patterns!in!the!natural!and!designed!world.!!!
b. explain!scientific!concepts!related!to!the!phenomenon!
Students!use!models!to:!
a. describe!and/or!F-1<*?0!phenomena!(scientific!principles!or!
design!solutions).!
b. 0140&?(M41&(.<&1++1?0&-1)(0*,.4;*F4!or!*.01-(?0*,.4!
concerning!the!functioning!of!a!natural!system.!
4) ',IF(-1!and/or!
13()M(01!features!an d !
limitations!of!(a) !
model(s)!
Students:!
a. distingu ish !b et w e en !a !m o d e l!an d !th e !ac tu a l!ob je c t,!
process,!and/or!events!the!model!represents!
b. compare!models!to!identify!common!features!and!
differences!
Students!*<1.0*+5!limitation s!o f!m od e ls!
!
5) 913*41!models!based!on!
additional!evidence*!
Not!present!until!6-8!grade!band!
Not!present!until!6-8!grade!band!