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was!supported!by!a!grant!to!the!California!State!University!East!Bay!by!the!National!Science!Foundation!Discovery!Research!K12,!Award!No.!DRL-1418440.!PI:!
michele.korb@csueastbay.edu!or!contact!corinne.lardy@csus.edu,!michelle.sinapuelas@csueastbay.e d u !!
Last!Updated!8/26/2020!
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SEP 4: Analyzing and Interpreting Data: Analyzing data in 6–8 builds on K–5 experiences and progresses to extending quantitative analysis to
investigations, distinguishing between correlation and causation, and basic statistical techniques of data and error analysis.
!
By the end of the grade band students will have had a structured opportunity to develop an understanding of each of these. Individual lessons or
units should include opportunities for students to practice one or more of the following components ……
!
1) Clearly!organize!and!display!
data!to!represent!phenomena.!
!
a. Organize!data!in!a!clear!way!that!!
i. facilitates!analys is!a nd !in ter pr et atio n !of!re lat ion s hip s.!
ii. highlights!patterns!and!relationships!that!are!relevant!and!meaningful!to!a!scientific!question.!
b. Generate!visual!displays!(e.g.!tables,!graphs,!charts,!images)!that!are!
i. Interpretable!and!clea r!
ii. Appropriate!to!the!data.!
iii. Connected!to!the!phenomenon!
c. Students!clearly!<14?-*N1!;,O!the!visual!displays!rep resen t!each!da ta!set.!!
2) Identify!and!describe!
relevant!and!meaningfu l!
patterns!and!relationships!in!
data.!
a. Identify!and!describe!pa ttern s!an d!re lation ship s!(sim ilarities !and !differe nce s,!caus al!an d!co rrela tiona l,!linear!a nd !non line ar)!that!!
i. Are!relevant!and!meaningful!
ii. Address!a!natural!phenomenon.!!
b. Distinguish!between!causal!and!correlational!relations hip s !in !d ata .!!
c. [Engineering]!Analyze !data!to!de fine!an !optim a l!opera tiona l!range !for!a!prop osed !objec t,!tool,!process ,!or!system !that!b est!meets!criteria!for!
success!
3) Use statistical techniques to
analyze data to address a
scientific question or design
solution !
a. Use!appropriate!descriptive!statistics!to!summarize!data!in!a!way!that!addresses!a!scientific!question.#
b. Apply!concepts!of!statistics!and!probability!(including!mean,!median,!mode,!minimum/maximum!values,!and!variability)!to!analyze!and!
characterize!data,!using!digital!tools!when!feasible.#
4) Interpret!data!to!provid e!
evidence!for,!predict,!and/or!
draw!conclusions!about!
phenomena.!
a. Make!predictions!based!on!evidence.!!
b. Make!a!claim!about!a!phenomenon,!based!on!relevant!and!sufficient!evidence!
c. Determine,!describe,!and!provide!evidence!for!phenomena.!
d. Draw!conclusions!about!phenomena.!#
5) Analyze!and!interpret!large!
data!sets.!
a. Use!graphical!displays!(e.g.,!maps,!charts,!graphs,!or!tables)!of!large!data!sets!to!identify!and!describe!temporal!and!spatial!relationships.!!
b. Construct,!analyze,!and/or!interpret!graphical!displays!of!large!data!sets!to!identify!linear!and!nonlinear!relationships.!
6) Identify and address variation
and uncertainty in data sets.!
a. Compare!results!from!different!trials!and/or!different!groups!and!describe!variations!in!findings!
b. Identify!relevant!sources !of!m eas ure m en t!var iation!a nd !dete rm in e!ho w !to!ad dre ss!them.!!
c. Seek!to!improve!precision!and!accuracy!of!data!with!better!technological!tools!and!methods!(e.g.,!multiple!trials).!!
d. Identify!relevant!sources!of!me asu rement!error!and!describe !ho w !they !lim it!interp reta tions!o f!the!da ta.!
e. Apply!basic!statistical!techniques!of!error!analysis.!
