Fillable Activity Student Handout (Advanced) INTRODUCTION In the card (BioInteractive)

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Activity Student Handout (Advanced) INTRODUCTION In the card (BioInteractive)

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Activity
Student Handout (Advanced)
Nutrient Cycling in the Serengeti
INTRODUCTION
In the card activity, you explored how savanna plants in the Serengeti get three nutrients they require for
growth: carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. As you saw in the activity, different processes cycle these nutrients
between multiple reservoirs in the Serengeti ecosystem.
PROCEDURE
Using your experiences from the card activity and what you’ve learned about nutrient cycling, answer the
following questions in the spaces provided.
Nutrients and Compounds
1. Which nutrient’s requirement was the most difficult for your group to complete? (This nutrient is called a
“limiting nutrient” because it limits growth of the plant.) ___________
2. Describe some of the ecological factors that influenced how quickly each nutrient was obtained.
3. Plants get essential nutrients from their environment. Which of the following statements best describes
where plants get carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus? ____________
a. They get carbon from the soil, and nitrogen and phosphorus from the air.
b. They get carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus from the soil.
c. They get carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus from the air.
d. They get carbon from the air, and nitrogen and phosphorus from the soil.
4. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus rarely exist as single atoms in nature. They are typically found in
compounds. Some of these compounds can be taken up by plants from the environment, and others are
produced by plants. Sort the following compounds into the two columns below.
ammonium (NH
4
+
) glucose (C
6
H
12
O
6
)
amino acids nitrate (NO
3
-
)
phosphate (PO
4
3-
)
phospholipids
carbon
dioxide
(CO
2
) nitrogenous bases
Compounds plants take up from the
Compounds produced by plants
environment
5. Compounds can be categorized as organic or inorganic.
a. What is the difference between an organic compound and an inorganic compound?
Revised November 2019
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Page 1 of 2
Activity
Student Handout (Advanced)
Nutrient Cycling in the Serengeti
b. Label each of the following compounds as organic (O) or inorganic (I).
___ ammonium
(NH
+
4
)
___ amino acids
___
carbon dioxide (CO
2
)
___
DNA/RNA
___ glucose (C
6
H
12
O
6
)
___ nitrate (NO
3
-
)
___ nitrogenous bases
___ phosphate (PO
4
3-
)
___ phospholipids
___ water (H
2
O)
Carbon Cycling
6. T
hink about the metabolic process that breaks down organic compounds and produces carbon dioxide.
a. What is this process called? _____________________________
b. The carbon dioxide produced by this process is released into the _____________________________.
c. Which of the following organisms perform this process? Select all that apply.
☐ plants ☐ animals ☐ decomposers (fungi and some bacteria)
Nitrogen Cycling
7. Summarize three major roles of microbes in nitrogen cycling in the Serengeti.
8. Nitrogen gas (N
2
) makes up 78% of Earth’s atmosphere. Why are so many ecosystems limited by nitrogen
even though it is so abundant?
9. Describe one way in which the cycling of nitrogen (and phosphorus) might be affected by human agriculture.
Putting It All Together
10. Based on everything you’ve learned about nutrient cycling in the Serengeti, make a checkmark next to the
term in each pair of parentheses that best completes the statements below.
a. Wildebeest consume (☐organic/☐inorganic) carbon by eating plants.
b. Wildebeest obtain energy by breaking down (☐C
6
H
12
O
6
/☐CO
2
) and releasing (☐C
6
H
12
O
6
/☐CO
2
) into
the atmosphere in a process known as (☐respiration/☐photosynthesis).
c. Some soil bacteria can transform (☐organic/☐inorganic) nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form
that plants can then use to build compounds such as (☐ammonia/☐amino acids).
d. Plants take in (☐organic/☐inorganic) carbon in the form of (☐CO
2
/☐C
6
H
12
O
6
) from the atmosphere
and convert it into (☐organic/☐inorganic) carbon in the form of (☐CO
2
/☐C
6
H
12
O
6
) in a process known
as (☐decomposition/☐photosynthesis).
e. When plants and animals die, nitrogen is returned to the soil by the process of (☐nitrogen fixation/☐
ammonification). Carbon is returned to the atmosphere as (☐C
6
H
12
O
6
/☐CO
2
).
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Revised November 2019
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