Self-Appraisal and Accreditation/Validation Instrument
I. Organization
MSDE refers to each standard with individually and corresponding indicators, best practices, evidences of achievement,
whether documented or observed, and rating as the “instrument”. The instrument for self-appraisal and
accreditation/validation is designed to define the program standards and outline the components of a quality early childhood
program.
The Instrument focuses on three broad areas:
1. Program Administration
2. Program Operation
3. Home and Community Partnerships
All Instruments start by identifying the Standard of achievement in the first row. These Standards are comprehensive
statements that support the development and maintenance of high quality programs. Below the Standard follows another row
with four columns citing research evidence, supporting rationale, a programs’ opportunity to demonstrate evidence of quality
practice requested and an opportunity to rate its quality as present fully or partially.
A. Each standard has Indicators, which further define and measure the program Standards.
B. The Best Practices/Rationale is stated in this section, which is located next to the Indicators. Research-based best
practices describe each standard indicator in detailed terms that can be documented and/or observed.
C. The Required Evidence column is new to the 5
th
Edition. It is meant to clarify items that are required, not merely
examples of quality. Next to the best practices/rationale is a list of Required Evidence. This required evidence will assist
program staff to identify specific program items that meet the best practices criteria and validate that corresponding
indicators have been met. Required Evidence that is demonstrated through observation is noted with a bold circle.
Required Evidence that is demonstrated through documentation is noted with a bold square and placed in the appropriate
binder. Required evidence must be demonstrated to receive a “fully met” rating on the indicator.
Print Form
1) Representative Examples are programs elements or practices that support the indicator. Representative Examples
are not required to be documented or observed. However, the Representative Examples do demonstrate best
practices under the indicator in each program area.
2) A section for Program Examples is provided under the Representative Examples section. Programs should note
any additional examples that meet best practices and are specific to that program. This section should be completed
as the self-appraisal team rates the program.
D. The Rating chart is located in the last column. It provides a space for the program staff and the Validator to record ratings
for each indicator, based on documented and observable evidence.
II. Directions
Programs begin by identifying each Standard. Then read each defining characteristic of that Standard found in the indicator.
Next, read the “Best Practice/Rationale” to ensure understanding of program implementation. After, determine if and how
your program has met this indicator by articulating if it has all items within the “Required Evidence”, column. Finally,
indicate where the program has determined its rates in providing documented or observed evidence of quality.
A. Required Evidence which can be demonstrated through documentation is noted with a bold square. Required evidence
which must be observed is marked with a bold circle. All required evidence that is marked with a bold square should be
placed in the appropriate binder.
Please note: All Required Evidence must be demonstrated to receive a “Fully met” rating on the indicator.
B. Representative Examples are program elements or practices that support the indicator. Representative Examples are
not required to be documented or observed; however, the Representative Examples do demonstrate best practices under
the indicator in each program focus area. Programs should the appropriate box where there is evidence in their
programs of fully met, partially met or not met.
C. Program Examples allows the program/center to demonstrate other sources of quality evidence. Programs should record
any additional evidence that is specific to individual programs in this section.
III. Rating Chart
The chart below depicts the three-item rating scale for each indicator. The program self-appraisal team will review their
program/center and measure its performance based on each individual Indicator within each Standard. Then the program will
rate itself using the following ratings:” N” meaning “not met”, “P” meaning “partially met”, and “F” meaning “fully met”.
Program
N P
F
Validator
Rating each Indicators:
N = Not Met where there is insufficient, observable or documented evidence for the indicator.
P = Partially Met where there is some observable or documented evidence for the indicator.
F = Fully Met where there is significant observable or documented evidence of high quality.
Any Indicator rated N (Not Met) or P (Partially Met), must be included on the Program Improvement Plan - located in the
Appendix of the Guide to Self-Appraisal and Accreditation/Validation. After program improvements are made and reassessed,
the ratings should be changed to reflect improvement. The program will add a check where improvement was made, then
indicate the date the program made the change next to the appropriate box.
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Mission Statement
1.1 The local school systems mission and philosophy statement for early learning programs is adopted by each elementary schools
personnel through their School Improvement Plan. It supports the local school system’s overall mission and system-wide goals.
The written mission and philosophy statement for the early learning programs is used by the staff as the foundation for planning,
staff development, implementation, evaluation, and continuous improvement of the program.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.1.1 Planning
The School Improvement Plan
reflects planned use of effective
early learning practices.
NAEYC 10.A.01; 10.B.07
NECPA p.33, 39
Head Start 1304.21(a-c)
1304.51(a)(1-2)
The mission statement is an integral part of
the local school system’s overall mission. It
refers to research and literature-based
practices in early childhood and elementary
education and supports the system-wide
school reform goals. The major concepts are
consistent with the “Mission and Philosophy
for the Early Learning Years”.*
The School Improvement Plan (SIP)
includes goals, objectives, milestones,
strategies, activities and evaluation
procedures. It is designed as a blueprint of
actions and processes needed to produce
school improvement. The SIP should guide
resource allocation, staff development,
instructional content and practice, and
assessment. **
* MSDE. Laying the Foundation for School
Success
Written mission/policy statements of the
___ Local school system
___School
Current School Improvement Plan that
includes prekindergarten and kindergarten and
the following components:
___ Needs assessment data analysis
___ Performance goals and objectives
___ Evaluation
___ Action/management plan
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Mission Statement
1.1 The local school systems mission and philosophy statement for early learning programs is adopted by each elementary schools
personnel through their School Improvement Plan. It supports the local school system’s overall mission and system-wide goals.
The written mission and philosophy statement for the early learning programs is used by the staff as the foundation for planning,
staff development, implementation, evaluation, and continuous improvement of the program.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.1.2 Staff Development
The School Improvement Plan
describes an ongoing staff
development program to ensure
opportunities for professional
growth and development.
NAEYC 10.E.11-12
NECPA p.10-11, 50
Head Start 1304.52(k)(1-3)
The School Improvement Plan (SIP)
reflects staff development opportunities
for teachers in early learning programs
that are coordinated with the school
system’s professional development
initiatives.
Staff development plans include outcomes
and descriptions of content, practice, and
classroom implementation.
These staff development opportunities
include professional development related
to the implementation of the Maryland
Model for School Readiness, the Maryland
Content Standards in the State
Curriculum, and the Reading First
Initiative.
School Improvement Plan
Comprehensive Staff Development Plan
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Mission Statement
1.1 The local school systems mission and philosophy statement for early learning programs is adopted by each elementary schools
personnel through their School Improvement Plan. It supports the local school system’s overall mission and system-wide goals.
The written mission and philosophy statement for the early learning programs is used by the staff as the foundation for planning,
staff development, implementation, evaluation, and continuous improvement of the program.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.1.3 Implementation
The School Improvement Plan
addresses the implementation of
practices that support the
learning and development of
young children and address the
multiple social and cultural
contexts of families and
communities.
NAEYC 2.A.01; 3.B.01
NECPA p.33
Head Start 1304.21(a-c)
The SIP reflects the principles of
developmentally appropriate practices in
terms of teaching and learning.
It supports the role of parents and the
family in the early education of young
children and reflects the multiple social
and cultural contexts of the community.*
*National Education Goals Panel, Ready
Schools
School Improvement Plan
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Mission Statement
1.1 The local school systems mission and philosophy statement for early learning programs is adopted by each elementary schools
personnel through their School Improvement Plan. It supports the local school system’s overall mission and system-wide goals.
The written mission and philosophy statement for the early learning programs is used by the staff as the foundation for planning,
staff development, implementation, evaluation, and continuous improvement of the program.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.1.4 Evaluation
The School Improvement Plan
includes a process for ongoing
documentation through interim
milestone measures as part of the
annual evaluation.
NAEYC 4.A.02-03; 10.F.01-05
NECPA p. 51
Head Start 1304.51(i)
The SIP reflects a review of all the
milestones as part of the program
evaluation in support of all school
improvement goals and objectives.
The review includes teachers,
administrators, early learning and content
specialists, and parents.
The annual evaluation should be aligned
with the No Child Left Behind Act 2001
and the local school system master plan in
response to the Bridge to Excellence in
Public School Act of 2002.
School Improvement Plan
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Copies of completed evaluation tools, if
applicable
Agendas and minutes from SIP
meetings
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Program Personnel
1.2 The early learning program is collaboratively administered, supervised, and implemented by qualified personnel.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.2.1 Administration
The administrator and central
office supervisory staff
communicates with the early
learning program staff regarding
developmentally appropriate
strategies for implementation,
assessment, and accountability.
NAEYC 10.A.05-06
NECPA p.47
Head Start 1304.51(d-f)
The central office supervisory staff
informs the principal at each school of the
practices that should be evident in the
developmentally appropriate program.
Available resource materials may include:
state and local school system
recommendations and guidelines,
information brochures for parents,
and/or staff development materials on
developmentally appropriate practices,
and
reporting practices and requirements.*
*Early Learning Standards: Creating the
Conditions for Success, NAEYC and
NAECS/SDE
(www.naeyc,org/resources/position-
statements/pscape.asp )
Calendars, agendas, notes, or minutes of
conferences and/or meetings for staff
adjusted for the diverse needs of the
school community
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Copies of training session activities that
were organized by school and central
office supervisory staff
Comprehensive Staff Development Plan
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Program Personnel
1.2 The early learning program is collaboratively administered, supervised, and implemented by qualified personnel.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.2.2 Supervision
The administrator and/or a
member of the central office
supervisory staff provide feedback
to the staff about the
implementation of a
developmentally appropriate
program.
NAEYC 6.B.01
NECPA p.50
Head Start 1304.51(b)(e-f)
The principal or central office supervisory
staff member provides feedback to
program staff about specific instructional
or programmatic strategies related to
research-based developmentally
appropriate practices through a variety of
supervisory methods.
These include:
clinical supervision
peer coaching
mentoring
workshops
conferences
seminars
action research in teaching teams
Informal and formal observation reports
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Calendar/log of support personnel
contacts made with staff (i.e. contacts
between staff and support personnel)
Notes from conferences occurring
between teachers, administrators,
principals, supervisors, specialists, etc.
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Program Personnel
1.2 The early learning program is collaboratively administered, supervised, and implemented by qualified personnel.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.2.3 Qualification
Each classroom is staffed daily by
a teacher who meets Maryland
state certification requirements
for early childhood education as
well as the requirements for being
“highly qualified”.
Any paid assistant who works in
the classroom has at least a high
school diploma or equivalent
along with experience working
with young children.
When the teacher is absent, a
certified teacher or a trained
teacher substitute is provided.
NAEYC 6.A.05-06
NECPA p. 7-10
Head Start 1304.52(d)(1)
1304.52(g)(3)
Those who plan, administer, supervise
and implement programs for young
learners should have broad expertise and
demonstrate proficiency in early learning
pedagogy, as indicated in the National
Board of Professional Teaching
Standards.
Current certification documents of
classroom teachers
High school diploma or GED of paid
assistants
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Certificates/degrees of paid assistants
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Program Continuity
1.3 The school utilizes curricular and instructional strategies that ensure continuity of learning for all students.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.3.1 Curricula
The school utilizes curricula
which are based on a
developmental continuum for
each child.
NAEYC 2.A.02
NECPA p. 33, 34
Head Start 1304.21(a-c)
1304.51(a)
The school’s program organization
reflects a developmental and academic
continuum from prekindergarten through
grade 3. It is based on the developmental
characteristics and needs of young
learners and helps them to reach high
standards.
Curricula alignment with state standards
for all content areas, reflects diversity and
multicultural content, and is applied
consistently and completely across grade
levels.
The school facilitates articulation among
teachers at the time of the students’
transition from one grade to the next.
Students who are not meeting curricular
expectations will receive intervention
support from well-qualified staff (e.g.,
tutors, health and pupil services
professionals).
Specific strategies are identified and used
to involve families in their children’s
learning both inside and outside of
school.*
* Developmentally Appropriate Practice
in Early Childhood Programs, NAEYC
MMSR Framework and Standards for
Prekindergarten and/or Kindergarten/State
curriculum
Curriculum guides and/or unit plans for each
content area that align with state standards
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Yearly plan of curricular implementation
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Program Continuity
1.3 The school utilizes curricular and instructional strategies that ensure continuity of learning for all students.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.3.2 Assessment and
Instructional Strategies
The school bases assessment and
instructional strategies on a
developmental continuum for
each child. Appropriate
instructional strategies for each
child are based on
developmentally appropriate
assessment.
NAEYC 2.A.05-06; 4.A..01
NECPA p. 33-35
Head Start 1304.21(a)(1)
1304.21(a)(4)(ii-iv)
1304.21(a)(5)(i-iii)
The school uses developmentally
appropriate instructional and assessment
approaches which reinforce the diverse
modes of learning and levels of
development among young children.
Appropriate instruction and assessment
includes engaging materials, stimulating
learning environments, appeals to a range
of learning styles and levels, and makes
accommodations for children with
disabilities and English language learner.
Positive reinforcement, guidance, and
teacher scaffolding will foster student
independence. The curriculum calls for:
consistent use of manipulatives in all
content areas,
strong emphasis on contextualized
skill development, and
daily opportunities for language
development, problem solving, critical
thinking, and artistic expression.
Assessment data (MSA, CTBS, county,
school, etc.)
School Improvement Plan
Curriculum guides and/or unit plans for
each content area that align with state
standards
O Developmentally appropriate instructional
strategies based on assessment
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Program Continuity
1.3 The school utilizes curricular and instructional strategies that ensure continuity of learning for all students.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.3.3 Articulation and
Continuity
School staff provides continuity of
learning for all children through
articulation of curricula,
instructional strategies, and
assessment across grade levels
and programs.
NAEYC 10.B.14
NECPA p. 36
Head Start 1304.41(c)
The school’s organizational practices
include a continuous and sequential
implementation of curricula from
prekindergarten through grade 3.
Consistent instructional practices should
be reinforced in staff development
programs.
The integration of fine arts, library media,
physical education/health, and academic
programs should be evident across grade
levels and reflected in staff development
activities.
An assessment protocol that allows early
learning teachers to review all assessment
information on children should be in
place.*
* NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practice in Early Childhood Programs;
State Curriculum
Agendas/minutes of articulation team
meetings (within and across grades)
regarding continuity of student learning
Transition plans for class/programs
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Program Accountability
1.4 The School Improvement Team uses the results of the ongoing evaluation of the early learning program in planning for overall
school improvement.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.4.1 Reporting
The results of the self-appraisal
and other forms of program
review are reported to central
office supervisory staff and the
School Improvement Team.
NAEYC 10.F.02
NECPA p. 33, 47
Head Start 1304.51(i)(1)
After conducting the self-appraisal using
the Standards for Implementing Quality
Early Childhood Programs Instrument for
Self-Appraisal and Validation and other
forms of program review, the results of the
program evaluation and the strategies for
program improvement are communicated
to central office supervisory staff and to
the School Improvement Team.
Agendas/minutes from School Improvement
Team meetings
Agendas/minutes from articulation meetings
within and across grades
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Letter documenting that the completed
Instrument for Self-Appraisal and Validation
and Program Improvement Plan(s) were sent
to Central Office
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
I. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
Program Accountability
1.4 The School Improvement Team uses the results of the ongoing evaluation of the early learning program in planning for overall
school improvement.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
1.4.2 Ongoing Planning
The results of the self-appraisal
or other forms of program review
are used to analyze data and to
plan for program improvement.
NAEYC 10.F.03
NECPA p. 33, 47
Head Start 1304.50(g)(1-2)
1304.51(i)(2-3)
As part of the required school
improvement planning process, the
School Improvement Team reviews the
results of the self-appraisal, other
program reviews, and program
improvement strategies in order to
incorporate them in to the School
Improvement Plan’s goals, objectives,
milestones, strategies, activities, and
evaluation procedures.
School Improvement Plan
Agenda/minutes from School
Improvement Team meetings
Assessment data (school, county, state)
Agendas/minutes of articulation meetings
within and across grades
Master copy of Self- Appraisal Instrument
Program Improvement Plan(s)
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Environment
2.1 A planned and well structured learning environment promotes active learning and full participation for each child.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.1.1(a) Learning
Environment:
Indoor
The learning environment meets
standards for safety, toxicity,
construction, and cleanliness. The
program must comply with fire,
health, and safety regulations.
NAEYC 9.C.04-05; 9.D.01, 05-06,
09
NECPA p. 19, 23, 41
Head Start 1304.22(d-f)
1304.53(a)(6-10)
Instruction is located in clean, safe, and
clutter free areas. Natural light and
ventilation are controlled.
The environment is planned to avoid
safety problems. Areas are free of lead-
based paint. Poisonous or hazardous
materials are stored in locked cabinets or
out of the reach of children. All electrical
outlets are covered.
The bathroom facilities are clean, well lit,
and ventilated. Bathroom supplies (paper,
towels, soap) are easily accessible to
children.
Drinking water is accessible to children.
The use of alcohol, tobacco, and illegal
drugs is prohibited in all spaces and
related program activities.*
*COMAR .55, .57, .59
Early Childhood Environment Rating
Scale-Revised (ECERS-R)
Infants/Toddlers Environment Rating
Scale (ITERS)
O Clean
O Free of clutter
O Well lighted and ventilated
O Appropriate storage of hazardous materials
O Toilets, sinks, drinking water and facilities
are accessible, clean, in good repair, and
well supplied
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Separate diapering area, if needed
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Environment
2.1 A planned and well structured learning environment promotes active learning and full participation for each child.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.1.1(b) Learning
Environment:
Outdoor
The learning environment meets
standards for safety, toxicity,
construction, and cleanliness. The
program must comply with fire,
health and safety regulations.
NAEYC 9.B.01, 06
NECPA p. 19, 23, 41
HEADSTART 1304.53 (a) (1-5) (9)
1304.53 (a) (10) (viii) (x)
Outside play areas are free of sharp or
dangerous objects, trash, animals and
poisonous plants, garden sprays, alcohol,
tobacco, illegal drugs, and other hazards.
The area is well drained with safe walkways
or paths provided to area. If play area is near
a road or unsafe area, a fence provides
security.
Equipment is appropriate for the ages and
abilities of the children and is well
maintained. There is enough portable and
stationary equipment so that children have
access without long waits. Equipment
stimulates a variety of skills (balancing,
climbing, ball play, steering, pedaling, etc.)
on different levels (tricycles with and
without pedals, different sized balls, ramp
and ladder access to climbing structures).
Adaptations have been made and special
equipment is provided for children with
disabilities.
Outdoor space has a variety of surfaces
permitting different types of play and some
protection from the elements. Portable
equipment is stored in locked facility.*
*COMAR .40, .50, .51
ECERS-R
ITERS
O Clean
O Well drained
O Free of clutter
O Appropriate storage of outside equipment
O Appropriate and well maintained
playground equipment
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Shaded play area
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Environment
2.1 A planned and well structured learning environment promotes active learning and full participation for each child.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.1.2 Furniture and Equipment
Furniture and equipment meet
standards for safety, size,
durability, toxicity, construction,
and cleanliness.
NAEYC 9.A.01, 03, 10; 5.C.01
NECPA p. 24-25, 27, 32, 36, 41
Head Start 1304.21(a)(1)
1304.21(a)(5-6)
1304.53(a)(10)(viii)(xiv)
(xvi)
Furnishings and materials follow the most
recent safety standards (available through
organizations such as the Consumer
Product Safety Commission). Furniture in
the classroom is sturdy, in good repair,
appropriate in size; and addresses the
routine care, play and learning needs of
the children. It is arranged so that it is
convenient to use.
Furnishings encourage appropriate
independence for children such as open
shelves for safe materials and sturdy
storage containers. Cozy and soft areas
(e.g. rugs, bean bag chair,) are available.
Adaptive furniture permits the inclusion of
children with special needs.
Technological equipment is located so that
children may access it safely.
Toilets and sinks are easily accessible to
children.
Any flammable or potentially dangerous
materials and medications are accessible
only to authorized personnel and
inaccessible to children.*
*ECERS-R
ITERS
O Free of paint chips and splinters
O Surfaces cleaned regularly with locally
approved, nontoxic, soap/solution
O Durable and designed to support children’s
needs
O Appropriate height and size
O Developmentally appropriate soft areas
provided
O Technology equipment safely placed and
accessible to children
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Environment
2.1 A planned and well structured learning environment promotes active learning and full participation for each child.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.1.3 Organization of Space
The learning environment reflects
effective and flexible utilization of
available space.
NAEYC 3.A.06-07; 9.A.02, 07-08, 11-
12
NECPA p. 35-36, 41
Head Start 1304.21(a)(5)(i-iii)
1304.53(a)(1-6)
The learning environment is organized so
that all children, including those with
disabilities, can function in a variety of
group settings. It is large enough for
movement without disturbing others.
Noisy areas are separated from quiet
areas. The learning environment facilitates
the organized storage of materials and
allows for children’s accessibility,
involvement, and choice. Space is
provided for children’s belongings. The
classroom is arranged to facilitate positive
interaction among children and adults.
The total room reflects the children’s
current learning outcomes and
experiences. The teacher’s desk and
materials are separate from the learning
environment and do not interfere with the
traffic patterns of children.*
*ECERS-R
ITERS
O Child-centered, flexible, and accessible to
all children
O Facilitates a variety of instructional
groupings (whole class, small group, pairs,
individual, learning centers)
O Tubs, trays, bins, baskets, shelves, boxes,
and other items labeled and accessible
O Space provided for children’s
belongings
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Environment
2.1 A planned and well structured learning environment promotes active learning and full participation for each child.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.1.4 Multicultural
Education/Diversity
The learning environment reflects
ongoing multicultural education
and accommodates the diverse
learning needs of children.
NAEYC 2.A.08; 9.A.03, 09, 12, 13
NECPA p. 33-37, 51
Head Start 1304.21(a)(1)(i-iii)
1304.21(a)(3)(E)
1304.21(c)(i)
1304.53(b)(1)(ii-iii)
The learning environment demonstrates
differentiated instruction and
accommodates the areas of diversity
identified in state law (ability, age, gender,
ethnicity, language, race, region, religion,
socioeconomic status). The learning
environment should provide opportunities
for children with various learning styles
(auditory, visual, kinesthetic, and tactile)
and modalities (Gardiner Intelligences).
Books and materials present accurate and
positive images and information about
people from all groups. Print displays
include non-English languages or Braille,
as applicable.*
*COMAR
ECERS-R
ITERS
O Books, posters, play materials reflecting
diversity
O Displays, clothing, music, photographs,
maps, depicting cultural diversity and non-
stereotypical images
O Materials available in multiple
languages, as applicable
O Skin-tone crayons, paper and/or paint
O Assistive technology, if applicable
O Wheelchair accessibility
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Environment
2.1 A planned and well structured learning environment promotes active learning and full participation for each child.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.1.5 Instructional Materials
Materials are appropriate and
designed to facilitate integrated
learning, authentic application of
skills, problem solving, and
creative/critical thinking skills.
NAEYC 2.A.09; 9.A.04, 08, 12, 13
2.H.02-03
NECPA p. 33-35
Head Start 1304.21(a)(1)(4-6)
1304.53(b)(1)(i-vii)
Materials should be flexible and/or open-
ended to accommodate the various skill
levels and learning styles of children.
They promote problem-solving and
creative thinking. Materials, learning
centers, and bulletin boards relate to
curricular themes and units of instruction.
They enable children to explore concepts
actively, repeat experiences; and to
demonstrate, respond to and expand on
their learning. Manipulatives are used to
reinforce concepts in all content areas.
There are enough materials for children to
work simultaneously on a task. Materials
should be clean and in good condition.
Games and puzzles should be complete
with all pieces intact. Technology is
utilized to extend learning through all
areas of the curriculum and assist teachers
in meeting individual needs. All children
should have regular access to technology
in the classroom or lab.
O Manipulative and open-ended materials
O Safe, durable, clean materials, which may be
used for a variety of purposes
O Accommodate various modalities and
intelligences
O Reflect cultural diversity and non-
stereotypical images
O Support theme and curriculum
O Accommodate various physical needs of
students
O Appropriate, equitable and safe use of
technology
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Environment
2.1 A planned and well structured learning environment promotes active learning and full participation for each child.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.1.6 Supervision of Children
Children are under adult
supervision at all times.
NAEYC 3.C.01; 9.A.05
NECPA p. 29-30
Head Start 1304.52(g)(4)
1306.32
Sufficient supervision is provided to
protect children’s health and safety by
staff watching children, positioning
themselves so that all children are in view,
moving around as needed, and acting to
prevent dangerous situations before they
occur. Staff shows awareness of the whole
group even when working with one child
or a small group.
Supervision is provided with each child’s
needs in mind and is adjusted
appropriately for different ages and
abilities. *
* ECERS-S
ITERS
O Children in view of adult at all times
O Staff scan room when working with one
child or a small group
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.1 Goals and Learning
Outcomes
The curriculum goals support
learning outcomes for the content
areas/domains of personal and
social development, listening,
speaking, reading, writing,
mathematics, science, social
studies, fine arts, health, and
physical education.
NAEYC B-7(a-g)
NECPA p.33
Head Start 13004.21(c)(1)
Curriculum goals and learning outcomes
are age appropriate for children and focus
on student learning styles. The goals
should align with the MMSR Framework
and Standards for Prekindergarten and
Kindergarten.
(www.mdk12.org/instruction)
MMSR Framework and Standards for
Prekindergarten and/or Kindergarten
Evidence of curricular alignment
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.2 Content
The curriculum content is
integrated and includes concepts
for all areas, while being
appropriate for the age and
development of each child.
NAEYC B-4 (b,d), B-5d
NECPA p. 33, 34
Head Start 1304.21(a-c)
Curriculum is interdisciplinary, enabling
children to understand concepts and make
connections across disciplines. Although
integration is valuable, it is even more
appropriate that concepts and skills follow
logical sequences, allowing for depth and
focus. Not all learning experiences will
relate to a theme.* The content is
appropriate for the developmental
characteristics of young children and their
mode of learning. It should be based on
their experiences. Themes and projects
may be developed to provide hands-on
learning experiences that are meaningful
to children. Children should engage
individually and cooperatively in
activities. The content should align with
the MMSR Framework and Standards for
Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/SC.
*Early Childhood Mathematics joint
position statement of NAEYC and NCTM
(April 2002)
Curriculum guides and/or unit plans for
each content area that align with state
standards
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
2.2 Curriculum
The early childhood program utilizes curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
2.2.3 Language Arts
The language arts program is an integration of listening, speaking, reading and writing. The components of the early learning language arts
program are integrated and interwoven throughout all the content areas. Children have daily opportunities for guided instruction and
application of these communication skills.
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.3(a) Listening/Speaking
Children are provided with
learning experiences that develop
effective listening and speaking
skills, enabling them to increase
the development of oral language
in a variety of contexts.
NAEYC 2.D.01-04, 07; 3.F.04-05
Head Start 1304.21 (a)(4)(iii)
1304.21(b)(2)(ii)
Expressive and receptive language is the
basis of communication. Research
demonstrates that engaging children in
conversation about their learning
strengthens their ability to communicate,
express themselves, understand, reason,
and solve problems. Children need
multiple opportunities to hear language, to
develop, and expand vocabulary. English
language learners are supported in
speaking their home language while
learning English. Through a variety of
activities in large and small groups,
students develop confidence in their
abilities to express their needs, choices,
feelings, and points of view.*
* NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practices in Early Childhood Programs.
NAEYC, (1997).
Daily schedules and plans identifying
listening/speaking experiences
O Modeling and eliciting standard English
and complete thoughts
O Participating in dramatic play
O Participating in individual and small group
discussions
O Responding to one to three step directions
effectively
O Active use of listening centers
O Listening and responding to daily read-
alouds
O Participating in teacher-directed and child-
initiated listening and speaking experiences
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Participating in and attending dramatic
and musical presentations
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes a curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.3(b) Reading
Learning experiences are
provided for children in the
reading processes.
For three and four year olds,
these processes include:
Oral language
Phonological awareness
Print awareness
Alphabetic knowledge
Additional reading processes for
five and six year olds include:
Phonemic awareness
Phonics
Fluency
Vocabulary
Comprehension
NAEYC 2.E.03-04, 06, 09, 10
NECPA p.34, 36
Head Start 1304.21(a)(4)(i)
1304.21(c)(1)(ii)
The reading program for three and four year
olds consists of many opportunities to
participate in activities that promote
development in the areas of oral language
(vocabulary, expressive language, listening
comprehension), phonological awareness
(rhyming, blending, segmenting), print
awareness, and alphabetic knowledge. This
is accomplished through intentional teaching
and explicit, systematic instruction delivered
in a manner that builds from basic to more
complex concepts and skills. The classroom
environment should immerse children in
stimulating and useful forms of language
and print. Children should experience daily
reading opportunities such as being read to
from fiction and nonfiction books and
participating in charted songs, finger plays,
rhymes, and poems. Effective practices
include teacher-directed and child-initiated
activities.
The reading program for five and six year
olds consists of the above experiences as
well as opportunities to participate in
activities in the areas of phonemic
awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary and
comprehension. Instruction should be
delivered in total-group, small-group and
individual setting as appropriate for the
needs of the children.
Daily schedules and plans identifying reading
experiences
O Modeling and implementing age appropriate
reading strategies, such as:
Learning new vocabulary through conversation
and instruction
Matching sounds/rhymes in familiar words,
games, songs, stories, poems
Using letters to make words and words to make
sentences
O Classroom libraries containing 2-3 books per
child and child-generated books
O Picture/Word walls
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
o Reading environmental labels and signs
o Blending sounds in one-syllable words
o Recognizing some words by sight
o Listening to models of fluent reading
o Reading chorally from familiar texts
o Asking questions to clarify meaning
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes a curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.3(c) Writing
Daily writing instruction includes
opportunities to write for
expressive, informational, and
persuasive purposes.
NAEYC 2.E.05-08, 10-11
NECPA p.34
Head Start 1304.21(a)(4)(i)
1304.21(c)(1)(ii)
Authentic tasks give purpose to the
student’s writing, and the products of
their work are shared with a real
audience. Teachers of young children
must model the writing process through
shared writing experiences, class books
and language experience compositions.
Students are supported by the teacher, as
they move through the developmental
stages of writing toward more
independent application of conventional
writing skills (spelling, grammar,
punctuation, and mechanics).
Development of writing skills is
evidenced by samples of student work.
Opportunities to write occur throughout
the day and across content areas.
Children are given the support they need
to develop handwriting skills.
Daily schedules and plans identifying
writing experiences
Examples of student writing showing an
array of products and developmental stages
O Modeled writing experiences such as
shared writing, class books, language
experiences
O Writing center
O Variety of writing materials available
O Modifications provided for children with
disabilities, if applicable
O Writing materials available in centers
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes a curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.4 Mathematics
The curriculum includes
mathematics content and process
outcomes that support children’s
ability to solve problems, reason,
and communicate and make
connections. Activities are
integrated with other content
areas when appropriate.
NAEYC 2.F.02-13
NECPA p.34
Head Start 1304.21(a)(4)(iv)
1304.21(c)(1)(ii)
Mathematics concepts are introduced
sequentially and supported through the use
of manipulatives and real-world situations.
Children are encouraged to apply
mathematical concepts throughout the
day. Curriculum is aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards for
Prekindergarten and/or
Kindergarten/VSC in the following areas:
patterns and relationships, geometry,
measurement, data display and analysis,
knowledge of number, and number
relationships.
Daily schedules and plans identifying
mathematics experiences
O Hands on activities (counting, graphing,
sorting, weighing, measuring,
patterning, etc)
O Activities integrated w/other content
areas and centers, as appropriate
O Manipulatives (counters, clocks, play
money, rulers, geometric shapes, scales,
attribute blocks, pattern blocks, Unifix
cubes™, etc.)
O Use of mathematical vocabulary
O Problem-solving strategies (graphic
organizers, guessing and checking,
making a table/chart, drawing a picture,
looking for a pattern, etc.)
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Mathematical concepts (time, space,
etc.) integrated into music and
movement
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes a curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.5 Science
The curriculum emphasizes
exploration and investigation of
the life, physical, and earth/space
sciences through real world
applications.
NAEYC 2.G.02-08
NECPA p.34
Head Start 1304.21(c)(1)(ii)
Science activities are investigative and
exploratory and encourage every child’s
active engagement in the scientific
process. Through investigations, students
are involved in observing, experimenting,
recording, measuring, predicting, and
classifying.
Lessons are formatted to follow The 5-E
Model (Engagement, Exploration,
Explanation, Extension, Elaboration, and
Evaluation).
Other curricular areas are integrated into
science thematic units.
Curriculum is to be aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards in
Prekindergarten and/or Kindergarten in
the following outcome areas: scientific
inquiry, critical thinking, and applications
of science, technology, history of science,
earth/space science, life science,
chemistry, physics, and environmental
science.
Yearly schedule for implementing science
thematic units
Copies of integrated science units
Daily schedules and plans for science
O Tools and materials (scales, measuring
cups, hand lenses, magnets, sand, etc.)
O Realia (fossils, models, collections of
natural things, etc.)
O Vocabulary lists
O Center encouraging scientific investigation
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENATIVE EXAMPLES
Charts of Scientific Process
Living things in room
Evidence of nature walks
Displayed data from investigations
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes a curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.6 Social Studies
The curriculum focuses on key
knowledge, concepts, skills, and
attitudes in the areas of history,
geography, economics, political
science, and peoples of the nations
and world.
NAEYC 2.L.01-11
NECPA p.34
Head Start 1304.21(c)(1)(iv-vi)
Social Studies program focuses on
opportunities for students to learn about
themselves, their community and the
world. Learning takes place in the context
of openness and appreciation for diversity
of culture, and respect for similarities and
differences among people. Activities that
foster citizenship skills and understanding
of unique qualities and characteristics of
others promote cooperative learning and
achievement of common goals.*
The social studies curriculum is in
alignment with the MMSR Framework
and Standards for Prekindergarten and/or
Kindergarten/VSC, which includes age
appropriate indicators for the social
studies content areas (i.e. indicator for
political science is “Generate and follow
classroom rules."
*NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practices in Early Childhood,(1997).
Yearly schedule for implementing social
studies thematic units
Copies of integrated social studies units
Daily schedules / plans for social studies
O Multicultural materials (i.e., posters,
videos, clothing, etc.)
O Tools and materials (globes, maps of
classroom, school, U.S., world, etc.)
O Variety of print materials ( newspapers,
magazines, original photographs, etc.)
O Classroom rights and responsibilities
posted
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
o Realia and artifacts
o Vocabulary lists
o Evidence of resource persons observed
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes a curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.7 Fine Arts
The fine arts curriculum provides
regular opportunities for children
to create, perform, and respond to
quality and culturally diverse
experiences in visual art, music,
theatre, and dance.
NAEYC 2.J.01, 04-07
NECPA p.34
Head Start 1304.21(a)(4)(ii)
1304.21(b)(1)(iii)
Children are encouraged to express
themselves physically and aesthetically,
represent ideas and feelings, and acquire
fundamental concepts and skills in the fine
arts. Staff works with resource persons to
help children explore and experiment with
the art forms and media as well as
integrate the arts into the curriculum.
Children’s artistic creations are valued
through display and dramatic
presentations.*
*Developmentally Appropriate Practices
in Early Childhood Programs, NAEYC
Schedule and plans reflecting the arts
O Dramatic presentations, dance and
music
O Children’s two and three dimensional
creative work, labeled with names
O Utilization of various music forms
(classical, folk, country, lullabies,
cultural music, etc.)
O Fine arts integrated into the curriculum areas
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes a curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.8 Physical Education
Physical education promotes
development of healthy lifestyles
through daily opportunities for
children to develop motor skills
and participate in an
exercise/physical activity
program.
NAEYC 2.C.04; 3.F.02
NECPA p.34
Head Start 1304.21(a)(5)(i-ii)
1304.21(a)(6)
1304.21(b)(3)(i-ii)
Children develop and refine skills in
locomotive and non-locomotive
movements. They learn movement
through space, dance, basic manipulation
of materials, balancing, climbing.
Cardiovascular endurance, flexibility and
muscular strength and endurance are
promoted through planned movement
activities that take place indoors and
outdoors. Staff and resource persons
communicate regarding child development
and integration into the content areas.*
* NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practices in Early Childhood Programs
(1997).
Schedule and plans reflecting physical
education
O Use of equipment that promotes motor
skills (climbers, balance beam, balls,
bean bags, etc.)
O Movement and dances related to
curriculum areas
O Activities and games promoting movement
skills
O Appropriate modifications and
accommodations for children with
disabilities
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Curriculum
2.2 The early childhood program utilizes a curriculum that supports each child’s development. The curriculum is aligned with the
MMSR Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.2.9 Health Education
The curriculum provides an
awareness of basic health and
safety education practices and
models sound health/safety skills.
Health and safety practices are
incorporated daily at school.
NAEYC 2.K.01-05; 3.A.03;
3.D.01;
3.F.02
NECPA p.34
Head Start 1304.21(c)(1)(iii)
Health education programs focus on
providing concepts that promote
individual student awareness of body
system functions and practice of life skills
to promote health and safety practices.
Curriculum focuses on information that is
presented in authentic life situations.*
*NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practice in Early Childhood Program
(1997).
Daily schedule reflecting health-related
Activities: outdoor play, lunch, rest/quiet
time, etc.
O Practice of healthy habits (hand washing
after bathroom and before eating,
covering mouths, blowing noses, etc.)
O Health awareness materials such as:
Body system awareness posters/charts
Models (skeleton, eye, ear, etc.)
Variety of print materials (posters, charts,
books, etc.)
O Exercise equipment (climbers, balls,
tricycles, etc.)
O Nutritional experiences-cooking, snacks
O Outdoor play, weather permitting
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Nutrition information (food pyramid,
nutrition/pamphlets, posters, etc.)
Danger awareness (poisons, strangers)
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Instruction
2.3 Curriculum is delivered through instructional strategies which support each student’s development and attainment of the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.3.1 Flexible Grouping
Instruction is delivered
individually, in small groups, and
in large groups. Groupings
change based upon individual
need, instructional decisions, and
assessment data.
NAEYC 3,D.03, 10-11; 3.E.04, 08
NECPA p.34, 36
Head Start 1304.21(c)(1)(i)(vii)
For the purposes of teacher-directed
learning, children are not organized into
fixed ability groups or fixed group
rotations. Grouping occurs for a variety of
purposes such as: ability, interest, or need.
There is flexibility in terms of
homogeneous and heterogeneous groups.
The daily schedule includes periods for
large groups, small groups, and
independent learning. Children make
choices by using procedures which help
them to plan their activities. Teachers
maintain a record system (e.g., a weekly
learning center chart) to ensure variety in
each child’s choice. Children plan their
activities in both teacher-assigned and
child-selected learning opportunities.
Based on continued observation of
children’s performance, teachers assign
children to small groups with similar or
diverse ability levels to work
cooperatively on specific projects, tasks,
and activities.*
* Developmentally Appropriate Practice
in Early Childhood Programs, NAEYC.
Lesson plans that reflect flexible grouping
O Large-group, small-group, and one-on-one
instruction with an adult
O Grouping for a variety of purposes,(i.e.,
interests, ability, needs, etc.)
O Balance of teacher-directed and child-
initiated groupings
O Evidence of student choice in planning
activities
O Board/chart for planning activities
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Instruction
2.3 Curriculum is delivered through instructional strategies which support each student’s development and attainment of the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.3.2 Authentic Learning
Instruction integrates concepts of
curriculum into developmentally
appropriate practices and relates
in a meaningful way to children’s
real life experiences.
NAEYC 3.E.03; 3.G.07-08, 13-14
NECPA p. 37
Head Start 1304.53(b)(1)(ii)
Instruction is presented in the context of
the child’s world and related in a
meaningful way to real-life experiences.
Teachers facilitate learning based on
children’s prior experiences, documented
observations, and work samples as part of
their ongoing assessment of children’s
strengths and needs. As part of daily
instruction, teachers facilitate
opportunities for children to investigate,
apply, and extend their learning. When
teachers provide home/school
connections, children are able to extend
and apply their learning outside the
classroom. The planning process includes
alignment with curricular objectives
across content areas.*
* NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practices in Early Childhood, (1997).
O Topics relevant to young children’s interests
and needs
O Hands-on learning opportunities
O Classroom activities that reflect students’
prior experiences
O Pictures, signs, functional print, and/or
literacy products developed by children
displayed in the room and the school’s
hallways
O Independent learning centers that include
real objects and prompts reflecting
diversity
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Instruction
2.3 Curriculum is delivered through instructional strategies which support each student’s development and attainment of the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.3.3 Questioning/Problem
Solving
Children engage in thinking,
communicating, and problem
solving by responding to open-
ended questions and situations.
NAEYC 3.G.07, 09
NECPA p.34
Head Start 1304.21(a)(4)(i)
1304.21(c)(1)(ii)
Children are encouraged to think and
communicate by posing and responding to
different questions. Teachers pose
questions that are at varied levels and
open-ended, provide sufficient time for
responding, refrain from interpreting
childrens responses, respond to children
honestly; and encourage children to listen
to and elaborate upon the responses of
others. Examples of such questions
include: What is this called? (labeling);
What does it do? (describing); What is
another way you could....? (proposing
alternatives); How are they
alike/different? (comparisons); How did
you decide to put these things together?
(classifying); How can we find out how
many...? (enumerating); What do these
words make you think of? (synthesizing);
Why did you choose to do it this way?
(evaluating); What would happen if...?
(predicting); What should we do to make
...? (transforming). Children are
encouraged to explore and investigate a
question or problem alone, in pairs, in
small or in large groups.*
* NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practices in Early Childhood, (1997)
Questioning Makes the Difference
Daily planning reflecting questioning and/or
problem solving opportunities
O Strategies that encourage higher level
thinking skills such as:
O Open-ended centers
O Teacher-facilitated learning through
questioning
O Balance of critical, creative, and evaluative
questions
O Evidence of wait-time
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Open-ended, higher level questions and
investigations
Think-pair-share techniques
Cooperative learning strategies
Problem solving strategies
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Instruction
2.3 Curriculum is delivered through instructional strategies which support each student’s development and attainment of the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.3.4 Independent Learning
Exploration
Independent learning provides
opportunities for children to
explore, experiment, question,
investigate, and problem-solve.
Children take responsibility for
their learning.
NAEYC 3.D.03, 08; 3.G.09-10
NECPA p.35, 41
Head Start 1304.53(a)(1)(3)
1304.53(b)(1)(iii-v)
Materials that encourage open-ended
thinking and active participation are an
integral part of daily application and
follow-up of learning. Teachers facilitate
learning based on the understanding of
each child’s developmental strengths and
needs and use independent learning
opportunities to observe and record
children’s performance. Independent
learning is an integral part of each day. It
can be fostered through student interest,
curriculum content, classroom interest, or
community needs. This is a dynamic
process between the teacher and the
student with the teacher’s role as
facilitator and the student becoming the
investigator.
O Exploratory centers accessible to all
students
O Adequate equipment, manipulatives, and
materials accessible to students
O Students engaged in independent learning
activities
O Student utilization of authentic objects and
prompts
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Samples of children’s journals, projects
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Instruction
2.3 Curriculum is delivered through instructional strategies which support each student’s development and attainment of the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.3.5 Instructional Strategies
Instruction is based upon
children’s individual needs,
interests, strengths, and learning
styles.
NAEYC 3.G.01-03, 08,12
NECPA p.35
Head Start 1304.21(c)(1)(i)
Teachers align instructional practices,
curriculum, and assessment methods for
the purpose of facilitating each child’s
learning. To help children acquire new
skills and concepts, teachers select from a
range of strategies including: asking open-
ended questions; offering cues and
prompts; listening attentively to children’s
responses and giving them enough time to
express themselves; demonstrating skills;
adding more complex materials or
concepts to a learning situation; and
providing opportunities for cooperative
learning. Teachers provide a relaxed,
supportive learning environment which
enables children of all backgrounds to
express their needs, influence the behavior
of others, solve problems, describe
experiences, impart information, and
demonstrate courtesy and empathy toward
others.
O Activities that meet children’s needs
Hands-on learning tasks
Cooperative learning experiences
Exploratory learning centers
Differentiated tasks
Scaffolding
O Informal daily assessment
O Child selected activities
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Instruction
2.3 Curriculum is delivered through instructional strategies which support each student’s development and attainment of the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.3.6 Instructional Balance
Instructional strategies promote
active participation by children in
a balance of teacher-directed and
child-selected activities.
NAEYC 3.G.05, 13
NECPA p.34-36
Head Start 1304.21(a)(1)(iv)
1304.21(c)(1)(vii)(2)
The daily program includes periods for
teacher-directed and child-selected
activities. The learning environment is
organized so that children can function in
it with a minimum of adult direction.
Adults model and provide opportunities
for children to exhibit age-appropriate
behaviors which include assuming
responsibility for carrying out routine
activities, exhibiting independence and
initiative in planning their own learning,
and practicing pro-social skills. Teacher-
directed learning provides sufficient
materials or manipulatives so that each
child can participate simultaneously.
Teacher-directed learning addresses
children’s needs and interests in all
developmental areas. According to
research, the amount of teacher support is
dependent upon the approach. The level of
teacher support changes based upon
learner need. The goal is to create
independent, lifelong learners. *
*Standards for Quality Elementary and
Middle Schools, K-5
th
Grade Revised
Edition
O Children’s involvement in self-selected and
teacher-directed activities
O Display of child-initiated and teacher-
directed projects and books
O Activity planning board/chart
O Adequate materials and manipulatives
accessible to students
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Instruction
2.3 Curriculum is delivered through instructional strategies which support each student’s development and attainment of the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.3.7 Multicultural
Education/Diversity
Instruction addresses and
respects cultural diversity,
learning styles, and other
individual differences.
NAEYC 3.B.01-02, 04; 3.F.03;
8.B.01
NECPA p.33, 34, 51
Head Start 1304.21(a)(1)(iii)
1304.21(a)(5)(iii)
1304.21(b)(1)(i)
1304.53(b)(1)(ii-iii)
Instructional practices reflect the areas of
diversity as identified by state law: ability,
age, gender, ethnicity, language, race,
religion, region and socioeconomic status.
Instructional activities are planned to
accommodate diverse learning styles.
They recognize children’s cultural
identities by celebrating cultural events
(e.g., Cinco de Mayo, May Day), and
home cultures (e.g., food and cooking,
family album, language spoken at home).
The use of visuals depicts various cultures
authentically. Families are involved as
resource people or provide family
artifacts. Instructional strategies include
activities that expand awareness of gender
roles (i.e., interviews with adults in non-
traditional professional roles.) Materials
in the classroom reflect non-stereotyped
gender roles and diverse ethnic groups.
Instructional materials also portray
positively individuals with disabilities and
persons from a wide range of economic
backgrounds and of various ages.*
*NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practices in Early Childhood (1997)
O Authentic representation of cultures and
people through illustrations, literature,
props, photographs, music and posters
O Materials in the classroom reflect non-
stereotyped gender roles and diverse ethnic
groups (skin-tone paper, crayons, books,
music)
O Instructional materials positively portray
individuals with disabilities and from a
variety of backgrounds
O Activities support different learning
styles
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Photos of family members serving as
resource speakers or providing family
artifacts
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Instruction
2.3 Curriculum is delivered through instructional strategies which support each student’s development and attainment of the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/State curriculum.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.3.8 Instructional Management
Instruction incorporates
management strategies which
facilitate logical, organized
transitions and routines, and
promote positive student
behavior.
NAEYC 3.A.05,07; 3.D.09
NECPA p.14-15, 29, 36, 37
Head Start 1304.21(a)(3)(ii)
1304.40(h)
1304.41(c)(1)
The classroom community is organized
and structured. The students are aware of
expectations and daily routines. Students
and teachers share responsibility for the
classroom. Minimal amounts of time are
spent getting ready, sitting, and listening.
Music, poetry, finger plays, riddles, hand
signs, overhead lights, and other forms of
language and thinking games or cues are
used to eliminate wait time during
transitions. The daily routine is
maintained to establish set expectations.
Sufficient time is allocated for transitions
to allow children to clean up and prepare
for the next activity. Trays and bins for
materials are clearly labeled to facilitate
self-directed clean up on the part of the
children.*
*Standards for Quality Elementary and
Middle Schools, K-5
th
Grade
O Teacher/assistant collaboration and
involvement with students
O Use of lights, verbal cues, musical cues, sign
language, poetry, songs, finger plays,
riddles, and thinking games to promote
smooth transitions
O Labeled materials
O Daily agendas, activity planning
boards/charts, grouping charts for
classroom activities, helpers chart
O Behavior management strategies that result
in positive learning behaviors (e.g.,
acknowledging positive behaviors, and
avoidance of or ignoring negative
behaviors, etc.)
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Chart of cooperative behaviors
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Instruction
2.3 Curriculum is delivered through instructional strategies which support each student’s development and attainment of the MMSR
Framework and Standards for Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/SC.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.3.9 Social Interaction
Instruction promotes appropriate
interaction and cooperation.
NAEYC 3.B.05-06, 12
NECPA p.14-15, 37
Head Start 1304.21(b)(2)(i)
1304.21(c)(1)(iv-vi)
Teachers model and provide opportunities
for children to exhibit helpful behavior; to
develop and follow rules for the care and
safety of themselves, others, and
classroom materials; to get along with
others from similar and different
backgrounds; to demonstrate respect for
others, and to make friends. Social
conflicts among children are used as
learning experience with adults helping
children to negotiate disagreements among
themselves without solving problems for
them. Teachers describe consequences of
inappropriate and appropriate behavior.
Teachers and students generate classroom
rules together and decide on appropriate
consequences throughout the year.*
*NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practices in Early Childhood(1997).
O Exploratory centers
O Activities that promote appropriate
behavior
O Charts of desired behaviors
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTAIVE EXAMPLES
Class meetings/circle time discussions
Small group interactions
Paired activities
Role playing
Plays and puppet shows
Small group problem solving
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Assessment
2.4 Assessment of students is multidimensional, developmentally appropriate, and ongoing. Assessment data is used by teachers and
students to facilitate learning.
INDICATORS BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.4.1 Multiple Assessment
Methods
Multiple assessment methods are
used to identify students’
strengths, needs, interests, and
progress. Information about
areas of students’ development
and progress are systematically
collected and documented
throughout the school year.
NAEYC 4.A.01; 4.B.01-03, 05;
4.C.02;
4.E.01
NECPA p.33
Head Start 1304.21(c)(2)
1304.51(g)
Teachers implement a systematic method of
assessing children’s developmental progress
by using documentation of children’s
learning, developmental guidelines, and
checklists. Techniques such as running
records, anecdotal records, checklists, or
collection of work samples are used to gain
information about each child’s interests,
strengths, and needs. Teachers solicit
parents’ knowledge about students’ learning
and developmental progress and incorporate
this information into ongoing assessment
and evaluation strategies. All of these
provide the basis for making instructional
decisions.
Attention is given to assessing progress of
English language learners and other children
with linguistic differences. There is
evidence of classroom assessment
accommodations for students with
disabilities.
Developmental guidelines and checklists are
aligned with the curriculum and
instructional practices to support MMSR
Framework and Standards for
Prekindergarten and Kindergarten/VSC.
Opportunities for students to engage in
integrated performance-based assessments
are provided.
Work Sampling System or similar
assessment system
Portfolios containing
Checklists
Anecdotal records
Work samples
Evidence of differentiated assessments
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Self-assessments
Developmental screenings
Performance tasks assessing application of
knowledge
Additional assessment instruments
(DIBELS, running records, etc.)
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Assessment
2.4 Assessment of students is multidimensional, developmentally appropriate, and ongoing. Assessment data is used by teachers and
students to facilitate learning.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.4.2 Assessment-Based
Instruction
Developmentally appropriate
assessment is an integral part of
daily planning and instruction.
NAEYC 4.D.01, 03, 08
NECPA p.33
Head Start 1304.20(b)(3)
1304.21(c)(1)(i)
1304.21(c)(2)
The focus of classroom assessment is
closely aligned with what the students are
learning, and the timing of the
assessments corresponds to the concepts
that children are taught. Teachers use
assessment results to plan instruction—
what to teach next and how to support
each child’s learning. Weekly plans for
instruction include learning activities for
individual children. Teachers use
information from a variety of instruments
and assessment methods when referring
children to Infants and Toddlers, Child
Find, or school based review and
evaluation teams.
Daily lesson plans reflecting differentiation
of instruction based on individual
assessment results
Evidence of ongoing authentic assessments
used to determine individual and small-
group needs
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Assessment
2.4 Assessment of students is multidimensional, developmentally appropriate, and ongoing. Assessment data is used by teachers and
students to facilitate learning.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.4.3 Communication of
Assessment Information
Assessment information is
communicated with children and
parents/guardians on a regular,
ongoing basis.
NAEYC 4.E.01-02; 7.B.02,04;
7.C.01,
03
NECPA p.33
Head Start 1304.20(c)(1-2)
1304.21(a)(2)(i-ii)
1304.21(b)(3)
1304.51(c)(1-2)
Teachers maintain ongoing
communication about their children’s
progress through a variety of means.
Specific feedback about children’s
learning and development is
communicated on a regular basis in terms
that parents can understand. Information
elicited from families about each child’s
interests and experiences at home is
considered in program planning and
implementation. Children’s progress is
reported in comparison with their previous
performance. Parents are given general
information about age-related
expectations. Progress is also
communicated in conferences that are
scheduled at mutually convenient times.
Parents are always involved in the review
and evaluation of a child’s progress and in
determining the child’s individual
program. Accommodations are made to
communicate with non-English speaking
parents or parents with special needs.*
*NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practices (1997)
Progress reports/report cards
Conference schedules
Assessment results, anecdotal notes,
portfolios
Communication logs
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Log of home visits
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
II. PROGRAM OPERATION
Assessment
2.4 Assessment of students is multidimensional, developmentally appropriate, and ongoing. Assessment data is used by teachers and
students to facilitate learning.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
2.4.4 Articulation
Assessment data is shared with
parents and relevant staff in
order to collaborate and
communicate about progress and
plans for instruction.
Information regarding
instructional status is shared
within the grade, between grades,
between programs, and with
parents.
NAEYC 4.E.03; 7.C.06-07;
10.B.14
NECPA p.33
Head Start 1304.20(f)(2)(iii)
1304.21(a)(2)(ii)
1304.41(c)(1)(iii)
Articulation meetings usually occur at the
end of the school year to discuss each
child’s progress and plan for future
learning. Ideally, the parent(s), the current
and the receiving teacher, and the child
will participate. Work samples or
portfolios are shared and maintained.
Teachers may arrange for students to visit
subsequent grades or programs at the end
of the school year.
Parents are informed of differences in
curriculum and instructional programs
between grades and programs.
A written articulation process is
documented.
Notes from articulation meetings and/or
copy of completed articulation plans
Progress reports/report cards
Communication logs
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Notes from parent conferences
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
III. HOME AND COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS
Partnerships
3.1 Family and community partnerships support the success of early learning programs.
INDICATORS BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
3.1.1 Communication with
Families
Expectations and information
about early learning programs
are disseminated on an ongoing
basis and allow for family input.
NAEYC 7.A.06-09; 7.B.01-02, 06
NECPA p.39
Head Start 1304.21(a)(2)(i)
1304.40(a)(1)
1304.40(e)(5)
Designing effective forms of
communication about programs and
program activities helps bridge the gap
between families and programs.
Effective communication provides
opportunities for parents to communicate
information regarding their children’s
strengths and needs, and their expectations
for their children are learning.
Expectations for early learning programs
and plans for implementing them are
disseminated to parents on an ongoing
basis.
Scheduling activities at times convenient
for parents encourages family
participation.
*School/Family/Community Partnerships
Registration materials
Documentation of family outreach
activities—log of telephone calls, copies of
newsletters, dissemination of program
goals and plan, special event flyers
Sign-in sheets and/or minutes for parent
meetings and conferences held at
convenient times for parents
Handbook for parents
Copy of program calendar
Materials available in native languages and
alternative formats for family members
with disabilities
Directory of program staff
O Family communication board
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Log of home visits
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
III. HOME AND COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS
Partnerships
3.1 Family and community partnerships support the success of early learning programs.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
3.1.2 Supporting Child
Development
Families, community members,
and staff collaborate to promote
child development and learning at
home.
NAEYC 7.A.05; 7.B.06
NECPA p.39
Head Start 1304.40(e)(1)(3)
1304.40(e)(4)(i)
Educators help bridge the gap between
home and educational program by
assisting families in developing home
environments that support children’s
development and learning. Providing
information and ideas will help families
assist their children at home with
curricular related activities. Families also
need information and data enabling them
to make wise educational decisions and
plan for their children’s futures.*
*School/Family/Community Partnerships
Copies of newsletters containing
information about child development
and learning
Agendas and/or sign-in sheets for
workshops involving parents and/or
children
School Readiness materials
O Displays of brochures regarding child
development
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Copy of take-home learning materials
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
III. HOME AND COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS
Partnerships
3.1 Family and community partnerships support the success of early learning programs.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES RATING
3.1.3 Family Participation
and Involvement
Families, community members,
staff, and administrators are
actively involved in program-
based activities, curriculum,
shared decision making, and
advocacy for children.
NAEYC 7.A.07, 12-14; 8.B.01-05
Head Start 1304.21(a)(2)(i)
1304.40(a)(4-5)
1304.40(d)(2-3)
A comprehensive program of partnerships
promotes family and community
participation and involvement in the
educational program. Members of
families are encouraged to participate in
the program in ways that they feel
comfortable. They may take part in
classroom activities (e.g., sharing a
cultural event, telling or reading a story,
tutoring, making learning materials,
playing games, or assisting with the
instructional program.) They may
contribute to activities outside the
classroom (e.g., designing or sewing
costumes, working in the media center,
going on a field trip). Members might also
wish to become a member of a team,
responsible for making decisions about the
program.
*NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practice in Early Childhood
Programs(1997)
Schedule of parent or community
volunteers
Agendas for volunteer orientation and
trainings
List of School Improvement Team
members
List of PTA/PTO/parent advisory
committee members
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Photos of volunteers serving as resources
Policy handbook which outlines the process
for influencing decisions, raising concerns,
appealing decisions, and solving problems
Agendas for trainings provided for parents,
community, and staff in collaborative
partnerships
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
III. HOME AND COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS
Partnerships
3.1 Family and community partnerships support the success of early learning programs.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
3.1.4 Collaborating with the
Community
Community resources are used to
strengthen early learning
programs, families, and children’s
learning.
NAEYC 7.C.05; 8.A.01-04; 8.B.06
NECPA p.39
Head Start 1304.40(h)
1304.41(a)(1-2)
1304.41(c)(1)
Programs identify and integrate resources
and services from their community to
strengthen programs, family practices, and
student learning and development. *
Programs establish procedures to support
successful transitions for children from
one program to another.
*School/ Family/Community Partnerships
Newsletters regarding community
resources
Copies of established transition policies
and/or transition plans
List of community resources that
collaborate with the program in order to
meet the needs of the program and
community
Guides or directories of community
resources available to parents/programs
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Copies of Memorandums of
Understanding, agreements, agendas and/or
minutes of meetings with community
resources
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
III. HOME AND COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS
Partnerships
3.1 Family and community partnerships support the success of early learning programs.
INDICATORS
BEST PRACTICES/RATIONALE
REQUIRED EVIDENCE RATING
3.1.5 Evaluation
Family and community members
are encouraged to provide input
to strengthen early learning
programs, family practices, and
children’s learning and
development.
NAEYC 4.A.03; 7.C.02; 8.A.07
NECPA p.33
Head Start 1304.40(e)(1)
Programs solicit family and community
knowledge regarding children’s learning
and development and incorporate it into
ongoing assessment and evaluation of the
program.*
*NAEYC. Developmentally Appropriate
Practice in Early Childhood
Programs(1997).
Copies of completed surveys sent to
parents and participating community
organizations
Copies of evaluations of partnership
activities
N P F
Program
Validator
Validator Comments
REPRESENTATIVE EXAMPLES
Copies of program evaluation completed
by administrators and/or outside agencies,
if applicable
Copies of recommendations made to the
School Improvement Team
Copies of interviews completed with
parents and community organizations
PROGRAM EXAMPLES