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Chapter

75

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Objective: After studying this chapter, you will be able to explain the construction and operation of modern

suspension systems.

Basic Suspension System

1. Name the parts of a suspension system.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Functions of a Suspension System

2. List the functions of a suspension system.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What is chassis stiffness, and how is it measured?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Suspension System

Technology

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490 Modern Automotive Technology Workbook

Basic Suspension System

4. Deﬁ ne the six basic parts of a suspension system.

Control arm:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Steering knuckle:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Ball joint:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Suspension spring:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Shock absorber or damper:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Control arm bushing:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Types of Suspension Systems

5. (Independent, Nonindependent) _____ suspension _________________________________________________

systems allow one wheel to move up and down with

minimal effect on the other wheels.

6. (Independent, Nonindependent) _____ suspension _________________________________________________

has both the right and left wheels attached to the

same solid axle.

Understeer and Oversteer

7. (Oversteer, Understeer) _____ means that the vehicle _________________________________________________

is slow to respond to steering changes in a turn.

8. (Oversteer, Understeer) _____ means that the rear tires _________________________________________________

try to skid around sideways in a sharp or hard turn.

9. What is neutral steering?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Chapter 75 Suspension System Technology 491

Name _________________________________________________________________________

10. Explain lateral acceleration and how it is measured.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Suspension System Springs

11. Suspension system springs must _____ and _____ _________________________________________________

with bumps and holes in the road.

_________________________________________________

For questions 12–15, match the following terms and identifying phrases.

(A) Coil springs

(B) Leaf springs

(C) Air springs

(D) Torsion bars

________ 12. Made of ﬂ at plates or strips of spring steel that are bolted together.

________ 13. A length of spring-steel rod wound into a spiral.

________ 14. Made of a large spring-steel rod.

________ 15. A two-ply rubber cylinder.

16. What is spring rate?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

17. _____ weight is the weight of the parts that are _________________________________________________

supported by the springs and suspension system.

18. The _____ weight is the weight of the parts that are _________________________________________________

not supported by the springs.

Suspension System Construction

________ 19. A control arm holds the _____ in position as the wheel moves up and down.

(A) steering knuckle

(B) bearing support

(C) axle housing

(D) All of the above.

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492 Modern Automotive Technology Workbook

20. Label the parts of the control arm.

A

G

F

E

D

C

B

(A) _____________________________________________

(B) _____________________________________________

(C) _____________________________________________

(D) _____________________________________________

(E) _____________________________________________

(F) _____________________________________________

(G) _____________________________________________

21. What is a strut rod?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

22. What purpose do ball joints serve?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

23. What limits spring oscillations to smooth the vehicle’s ride?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

24. Shock absorber _____ occurs when the vehicle’s tire is _________________________________________________

forced upward upon hitting a bump.

25. How does a gas-charged shock absorber operate?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Chapter 75 Suspension System Technology 493

Name _________________________________________________________________________

26. How does a self-leveling shock absorber operate?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

27. _____ shock absorbers provide a means of changing _________________________________________________

shock stiffness.

28. What components does a strut assembly consist of?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

29. How is a strut shock absorber different from a conventional shock absorber?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

30. How does a sway bar work?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

31. Sway bar links connect the sway bar to the _____. _________________________________________________

32. A(n)_____ rod is sometimes used on rear suspension _________________________________________________

systems to prevent side-to-side axle movement during

cornering.

33. A(n) _____ keeps the suspension system from hitting _________________________________________________

the frame structure.

34. If you hear a loud bang or thud when going over a large bump in the road, what might be happening and

what might this be telling you?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

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494 Modern Automotive Technology Workbook

Long-Short Arm Suspension

35. Why does a long-short arm suspension system use two different length control arms?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Torsion Bar Suspension

36. Explain the construction, operation, and adjustment of a torsion bar suspension system.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

MacPherson Strut Suspension

37. Explain the construction/operation of a MacPherson strut suspension system.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Chapter 75 Suspension System Technology 495

Name _________________________________________________________________________

38. Identify the parts of the double wishbone suspension system.

A

B

D

C

E

F

G

H

(A) _____________________________________________

(B) _____________________________________________

(C) _____________________________________________

(D) _____________________________________________

(E) _____________________________________________

(F) _____________________________________________

(G) _____________________________________________

(H) _____________________________________________

Rear Suspension System

39. True or False? Rear suspension systems are similar to _________________________________________________

front suspension systems, but they normally do not

provide for steering.

40. What is a dead axle?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

41. What is semi-independent suspension?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be reproduced or posted to a publicly accessible website.

496 Modern Automotive Technology Workbook

Suspension Leveling Systems

42. What is the main function of a suspension leveling system?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

43. A(n) _____ (automatic/manual) suspension leveling _________________________________________________

system uses air shocks and an electric compressor to

counteract changes in passenger and luggage weight.

44. (Automatic/Manual) _____ suspension leveling _________________________________________________

systems use air shocks or air springs, height sensors,

and a compressor to maintain curb height.

45. Explain these three basic parts of an electronic height control system.

Height sensor:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Sensor link:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Solenoid valve:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Electronic Suspension System

46. Explain these major parts of a typical electronic shock absorber system.

Steering sensor:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brake sensor:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Acceleration sensor:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Mode switch:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Chapter 75 Suspension System Technology 497

Name _________________________________________________________________________

Electronic control module:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Shock actuators:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

47. How can a sonar sensor be used in an electronically controlled suspension system?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Active Suspension System

48. In an active suspension system, _____ on each ___________________________________________

hydraulic ram provide the main control for the system

by reacting to suspension system movement and

sending signals to the computer.

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