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Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. 2019 All rights reserved.
Brainology
®
| Student Workbook Introductory Unit
Brainology
®
Intro Unit Lesson 3, “Practice It”: Reading for Lesson - Option B
You Can Grow Your Intelligence
New Research Shows the Brain Can Be Developed Like a Muscle
Many people think of the brain as
a mystery. They don’t know much
about intelligence and how it works.
When they do think about what
intelligence is, many people believe
that a person is born either smart,
average, or dumb—and stays that
way for life.
Everyone knows that when
you lift weights regularly, your
muscles get bigger and you get
stronger.
But what happens to your muscles when
you STOP lifting weights?
GUESS WHAT?
New research shows that the brain is more like a muscle—it changes
and gets stronger when you use it!
What do YOU think?
I think that when you stop
lifting weights...
20
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. 2019 All rights reserved.
Brainology
®
| Student Workbook Introductory Unit
Brainology
®
Intro Unit Lesson 3, “Practice It”: Reading for Lesson - Option B, cont.
That’s why people say, “Use it or lose it!”
Most people don’t know that when they practice and learn new things, part of their brain changes,
grows, and gets stronger and larger, a lot like muscles do when they exercise.
Scientists have actually been able to show just how the brain grows and gets stronger when you learn.
Here’s the secret:
Inside the cortex of the brain are billions of tiny nerve cells called neurons. The nerve cells have
branches connecting them to each other in a complicated network. Communication between
these brain cells is what allows us to think and solve problems.
When you learn new things, these tiny connections in the brain actually multiply and get stronger.
The more that you challenge your mind to learn, the more neuron connections you
make in your brain.
If you continue to strengthen these connections, things that you once found very hard to do—
like remembering information for a test or doing algebra—seem to become easy. The result is a
stronger, smarter brain.
Use the information you have just read to complete the organizer below.
So here is an analogy: Muscle is to exercise as the brain is to _________________.
In other words… Muscles will grow with exercise and the brain will grow
with ________________________.
IF...
THEN...
21
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. 2019 All rights reserved.
Brainology
®
| Student Workbook Introductory Unit
Brainology
®
Intro Unit Lesson 3, “Practice It”: Reading for Lesson - Option B, cont.
The Secret... continued
Scientists started thinking that the human brain could develop and change when they studied animals’
brains. They found out that animals who lived in a challenging environment, with other animals and
toys to play with, were dierent from animals who lived alone in bare cages.
© 2002-2013 Mindset Works, Inc. All rights reserved
While the animals that lived alone just ate and slept all the time, the ones that lived with dierent toys
and other animals spent a lot more time guring out how to use the toys and how to get along with
other animals.
The animals who lived in the stimulating environment had more connections between nerve cells in
their brains. The connections were bigger and stronger, too. In fact, their whole brains were about 10%
heavier than the brains of the animals who lived alone without toys. The animals who were exercising
their brains by playing with toys and each other were also “smarter”—they were better at solving
problems and learning new things.
Even old animals got smarter and developed more connections in their brains when they got a chance
to play with new toys and other animals. When scientists put very old animals in cages with younger
animals and new toys to explore, their brains grew by about 10%.
Nerves in brain of animal living in bare cage
(non-stimulating environment)
Brain of animal living with other animals and toys
(stimulating environment)
Hmm... it is interesting to me that...
22
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. 2019 All rights reserved.
Brainology
®
| Student Workbook Introductory Unit
Brainology
®
Intro Unit Lesson 3, “Practice It”: Reading for Lesson - Option B, cont.
Children’s Brain Growth
Another thing that got scientists thinking about the brain growing and changing was babies. Everyone
knows that babies are born without being able to talk or understand language. But somehow, almost
all babies learn to speak their parents’ language in the rst few years of life. How do they do this?
Neuron connections in a child from birth to 6 years old
© 2002-2013 Mindset Works, Inc. All rights reserved
Do you think this child developed strong lan-
guage skills by the age of six? Why or why not?
How do you think this child grew all of those
neuron connections and pathways?
The Real Truth about “Smart” and “Dumb”
No one thinks babies are stupid because they can’t talk. They just haven’t learned how
to yet. But some people will call a person dumb if they can’t solve math problems,
or spell a word right, or read fast—even though all these things are learned with
practice. At rst, no one can read or solve equations. But with practice, they can
learn to do it. And the more a person learns, the easier it gets to learn new things—
because their brain “muscles” have gotten stronger!
What Can YOU Do to Get Smarter?
Just like a weightlifter or a basketball player, you have to exercise and practice to make your brain grow
stronger. By practicing, you also learn skills that let you use your brain in a smarter way—just like a
basketball player learns new moves.
At birth
At age 6
23
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. 2019 All rights reserved.
Brainology
®
| Student Workbook Introductory Unit
Brainology
®
Intro Unit Lesson 3, “Practice It”: Reading for Lesson - Option B, cont.
Why doesn’t EVERYBODY do this?
Many people miss out on the chance to grow a stronger brain because
they think they can’t do it
they think it’s too hard
they think it’s too much work
Reection: Remember a time when you worked extremely hard on something that was at rst dicult,
but after practice and eort you were able to succeed.
How did you feel when you were successful? Was it worth the eort? Explain.
Can you relate?