Name: ___________________________Date: ______________ Class: ____________________
World Studies for Georgia Students-Grade 6
Chapter 12: The Geography and History of Latin America
Section 1: The Land and People of Latin America
Guided Reading
Instructions: Read the section and complete each item with words from
the passages in this section.
1. Latin America is located on two continents: _______________ America and
_______________ America.
2. There is a large body of water on the western side of _______________the
Pacific Oceanwhich stretches down the entire western side of Central and
_______________ America.
3. On the eastern side of Mexico, there are two smaller bodies of waterthe
_______________ of Mexico and the ________________ Sea.
4. Moving south from _______________ on the map, you will find many smaller
countries in Central America. This region is an _________________, or narrow
strip of land connecting two landmasses.
5. The United Nations recognizes 33 _________________ and 15 territories in
Latin America and the Caribbean.
6. In addition to these countries, there are many ________________ nations. An
important one is _________________.
7. As the ___________________ and ___________________ conquered the
indigenous people, they spread their languages and religion across Central and
South America and the Caribbean.
8. _________________ is the most common language there today with over 300
million native speakers, although there are many accents and varieties of
Spanish depending on location.
9. Portugal ruled ________________ from the 1500s until 1822, so
_________________ is the official language of Brazil.
Name: ___________________________Date: ______________ Class: ____________________
World Studies for Georgia Students-Grade 6
Chapter 12: The Geography and History of Latin America
Section 1: The Land and People of Latin America
Guided Reading
10. Some of the __________________ people of Central and South America
moved into the mountains and into the jungles. This isolated them from the
European explorers and colonists, so their __________________ survive today.
11. The religion of Latin America is mostly Roman ________________.
12. Priests, friars, and monks of the Roman Catholic Church set up
_________________ all over Latin America to convert the indigenous people
to Christianity.
13. As a result of these influences, it is estimated that over 425 million people, or
40 percent of the Roman Catholic Church population, is _______________
_________________.
Name: ___________________________Date: ______________ Class: ____________________
World Studies for Georgia Students-Grade 6
Chapter 12: The Geography and History of Latin America
Section 2: From Colonies to Independence
Guided Reading
Instructions: Read the section and complete each item with words from
the passages in this section.
1. Central and South America had amazing _________________ cultures.
2. The ________________ civilization developed Central America on the
Yucatán Peninsula.
3. Among the most famous of the indigenous people of Central and South
America were the ________________ and the _________________.
4. The __________________ Empire was centered in what is now Mexico. Its
capital city, Tenochitlán, was built on an island in a lake where
_______________ City is today.
5. Further south along the western coast of South America, the _______________
Empire developed in the Andes Mountains.
6. This event started an ________________ between the Old World (Europe) and
the New World (the Americas). This _________________
_________________ included goods, people, ideas, plants, animals, and
diseases.
7. As the Spanish and the Portuguese spread their empires, the indigenous
populations began to _________________. _______________ was a big part of
this declinekilling an estimated 50 to 75 percent of the population.
8. In order to meet the demand for goods to be sent back to Europe, the Europeans
transported ___________________ to the New World as enslaved servants to
work in mines and on plantations and to do other jobs against their will.
9. _________________ and _________________ found by conquistadors
(conquerors) made Spain and Portugal wealthy. The wealth also made the
countries ___________________.
Name: ___________________________Date: ______________ Class: ____________________
World Studies for Georgia Students-Grade 6
Chapter 12: The Geography and History of Latin America
Section 2: From Colonies to Independence
Guided Reading
10. For about three hundred years, businesses that depended on ________________
grew. The laborersslavesgrew in numbers as the _________________
expanded.
11. This labor force helped to build many of the countries of Latin America, but
most of the __________________ was sent back to Europe.
12. Mexico’s move toward ____________________ from Spain began in 1810, but
the rebels failed.
13. Freedom of _________________ and ________________ of all people were
important parts of the Mexican independence movement.
14. Nearly all of South America was free of __________________ rule by 1825.
15. Through the remainder of the 19th century, the ________________
______________ had a dominant role in many Latin American countries.
16. President James Monroe declared in 1823 that the United States would not
tolerate European nations __________________ in Latin America. This idea,
later called the _________________ _________________, became an
important part of the policy of the US government.
Name: ___________________________Date: ______________ Class: ____________________
World Studies for Georgia Students-Grade 6
Chapter 12: The Geography and History of Latin America
Section 3: Modern Latin America
Guided Reading
Instructions: Read the section and complete each item with words from
the passages in this section.
1. Governments in Latin America often had times of _________________ since
they gained independence. Many have been ruled by military leaders or
_________________ (people who rule with total authority, often in a harsh
way).
2. ____________________ systems have spread, however, in the past few
decades.
3. One example of a Latin American dictator was Augusto Pinochet of
_______________.
4. Many believe that Pinochet was able to keep ___________________ from
taking over the country, but others viewed him as a cruel leader who
disrespected the __________________ of anyone who opposed him.
5. Even though _________________ are held in most Latin American countries
today, there is widespread ________________, and liberal and socialist leaders
dominate politics.
6. The war on ________________ has been an ongoing battle in the United States
and in many Latin American countries.
7. Mexico is working to ____________________ its police force and fund more
opposition to drug _______________ (criminal drug-trafficking organizations).
8. __________________ has implemented nationwide programs to keep drugs
from being a major problem on the small island nation.
9. Unlike Cuba, where education and strict policing have deterred major drug
problems, _________________ has large organizations that operate throughout
the country.
Name: ___________________________Date: ______________ Class: ____________________
World Studies for Georgia Students-Grade 6
Chapter 12: The Geography and History of Latin America
Section 3: Modern Latin America
Guided Reading
10. With a turbulent history of ___________________ between the European and
indigenous peoples, the Latin American people have suffered financially.
11. Many areas are so challenged they lack the basics of life: clean
_______________, basic supplies, housing, electricity, and basic health care.
12. Jobs are mostly found in _________________ areas, away from the poor
farming regions, but the same ________________-level problems persist in
cities as well as rural areas.
13. The organization Pathways to Prosperity in the Americas has developed a
system to assist struggling _________________ move out of severe poverty.
Leaders of 15 western hemisphere governments hope to grow
___________________ throughout the region.
14. However, new immigration laws and changing ________________ have
changed old patterns of _________________ (movement from one locality to
another).
15. The increase in __________________ on the routes to the United States is
another deterrent for families moving to find better jobs and educational
opportunities. _______________ ________________ and other criminals have
made it risky for the working poor to move with their families.
16. In South America, regional movement has been ________________ affected by
free trade agreements and by the numbers of people moving into regions that
promote protection of the rights of __________________.