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AGRITOURISM

SAFETY AND

EMERGENCY

MANAGEMENT

WORKSHOP

MARCH 7, 2017--HOMER, LOUISIANA

MARCH 9, 2017--ALBANY, LOUISIANA

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

FUNDING

PUBLICATIONS

GRANT COLLABORATORS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

STEERING COMMITTEE MEMBERS

ADDITIONAL SPONSORS

SCHEDULE

MORNING SESSION

AFTERNOON SESSION

PRESENTERS

KEYNOTE SPEAKER: MARSHA SALZWEDEL

TANYA RUFFIN

PRESENTERS

LOCAL AGRITOURISM

DORA ANN HATCH

MARIA BAMPASIDOU

AGRITOURISM

SAFETY AND EMERGENCY

MANAGEMENT WORKSHOP 

PART 1: INTEGRATING SAFETY INTO

AGRITOURISM

SPONSORS

Agritourism

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

2nd Edition (2011)

Agritourism

Disclaimer

This document is intended to provide recommendations for protecting

the health and safety of children visiting farms involved in agritourism.

The National Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and

Safety make no claims that these guidelines will prevent all illness and

injuries. Every farm is unique and therefore the users of this document are

encouraged to adapt the information to their situations knowing they are

responsible for the health and safety of children visiting their farms. The

National Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and Safety, the

authors and advisors cannot be held responsible for adverse events resulting

from following or not following the recommendations in this document.

Support and Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the individuals and agencies who provided input

on the content of this document. We are especially grateful to the primary

advisors for this project that determined core content, reviewed drafts, and

provided feedback and the technical reviewers who reviewed the final

draft. Preparation of this document was coordinated by staff of the National

Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and Safety, National

Farm Medicine Center, Marshfield, WI and designed by Erik Borreson.

Photos provided by Karen Peterson at Bloomsbury Farms in Atkins, Iowa.

Initial funding was provided by the National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health (U50 OH008107). Subsequent funding was

provided via U54OH009568.

Additional Copies

Copies of this and other documents are available by contacting the

National Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and

Safety or by visiting our website.

Phone: 1-800-662-6900 or 715-389-4999

E-mail: nccrahs@mcrf.mfldclin.edu

Internet: http://www.marshfieldclinic.org/agritourism

Recommended Citation

Humann, MJ, Ellis, TM and Lee, BC (2011). Agritourism Health and Safety

Guidelines for Children. Second Edition. Marshfield, WI: Marshfield Clinic.

Companion Documents

National Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and Safety.

(2008) Policies and Procedures Guide: Supplement A to Agritourism Health

and Safety Guidelines for Children. Marshfield, WI: Marshfield Clinic.

Available at http://www.marshfieldclinic.org/agritourism.

National Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and Safety.

(2008) Worksite Guide: Supplement B to Agritourism Health and Safety

Guidelines for Children. Marshfield, WI: Marshfield Clinic. Available at

http://www.marshfieldclinic.org/agritourism.

National Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural

Health and Safety. (2012) Integrating Safety into

Agritourism website (www.safeagritourism.com).

Marshfield, WI: Marshfield Clinic.

Table of Contents

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Page 1

Table of Contents

Content Page

Introduction ......................................................................2

Purpose and Intended Audience ................................................. 2

Background and Scope ............................................................. 2

Child Development and Safety Strategies ..................................... 4

Liability .................................................................................... 6

Employee, Volunteer and Family Training .................................... 6

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations ................7

Health and Safety Information for Guests ..................................... 7

Traffic and Pedestrian Safety ...................................................... 9

Surfaces, Barriers and Storage Areas ........................................ 10

Machinery Safety ................................................................... 13

Animal Safety ......................................................................... 15

Ponds and Water Hazards ....................................................... 16

Fire Safety ............................................................................. 17

Attractive Nuisance ................................................................. 19

Pest Control ............................................................................ 20

Food Safety............................................................................ 21

Handwashing and Restrooms ................................................... 22

Health and Safety Recommendations During Events ........ 23

Supervision Responsibilities ...................................................... 23

Incident and Emergency Response ............................................. 24

Hazardous Weather ................................................................ 26

Health and Safety Guidelines for Specific Attractions ......29

Hayrides ................................................................................ 29

Corn Mazes ........................................................................... 30

Animal Contact and Petting Zoos .............................................. 32

Post-Event Health and Safety Recommendations .............34

Inspection and Repairs ............................................................. 34

Documentation ........................................................................ 35

Project Staff and Advisors ..............................................36

Additional Resources.......................................................37

Page 2

Introduction

Purpose and Intended Audience

Recommendations in this guideline document were developed to give

farm owners the information necessary to reduce the risk of illness

and injury to children visiting their farm, while at the same time

providing an enjoyable and educational experience. They were written

specifically for owners of farms who may operate an agritourism

operation in addition to regular farming activities, as well as for

farmers who may host a one-time event such as a tour for schools and

other youth groups. The guidelines are also appropriate for larger,

long-term agritourism attractions.

Background and Scope

Agritourism can cover a wide range of scenarios including, but not

limited to, corn mazes, “pick your own” fruit and vegetable crops,

educational tours for school children, farm-based festivals and country

markets and stores. Regardless of the reason for children being on the

farm it is the responsibility of the farm owner to control hazards that

may risk the health and safety of children and other guests.

The health and safety guidelines in this publication pertain specifically

to children. These guidelines are written with the assumption that

supervising adults are responsible for the health and safety of children.

In 2006 there were more than 23,000 injuries to children who lived,

worked or visited a farm operation

[1]

. More than 100 children die

of agricultural injuries on U.S. farms and ranches annually

[2]

. By

implementing these guidelines, farm owners can reduce the safety

and health hazards that harm thousands of children every year.

It is the responsibility of farm owners to identify the health and safety

hazards on the farm and apply the recommendations to their specific

situations. Each farm is different, with its own unique hazards, and

therefore there may be hazards present on farms that are not covered

in this document. It is recommended that farm owners take the key

concepts and recommendations from this document and evaluate health

and safety hazards on their farm.

Agritourism

Introduction

Agritourism includes

any attraction where the

general public is invited

to the farm, ranch or

any other agricultural,

horticultural or agribusiness

operation for the purpose

of enjoyment, education

or active involvement in

farm activities.

Remember, when operating

an agritourism enterprise,

you are inviting the general

public into an environment

that contains numerous

health and safety hazards.

Individuals not familiar

with farming may not be

aware of hazards that you

consider obvious.

For additional information on reducing health and safety

hazards, or assistance identifying hazards at the agritourism

attraction, contact your local county extension agency.

1. NIOSH. Internal analysis of the CAIS database. Morgantown, WV: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007.

2 Rivara, F. (1997). Fatal and non-fatal farm injuries to children and adolescents in the United States, 1990-3. Injury Prevention, 3(3), 190-194.

We recommend that operators use the Policies and Procedures Guide and the Worksite Guide to help

prepare, plan and evaluate the physical operation’s preparedness for guests.

These guides can be downloaded and/or printed from: http://www.safeagritourism.com

The “Integrating Safety Into Agritourism” website contains a variety of walkthroughs, based on the type of

operation, to help owners identify health and safety hazards. It also provides over 140 free resources, like

signs and example policies, that can be used to help address these hazards. It’s a great tool that can be

used to help keep children safe when they visit farms and ranches. Visit www.safeagritourism.com for more

information and to use the free resources.

Page 3

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Introduction

1. NIOSH. Internal analysis of the CAIS database. Morgantown, WV: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007.

2 Rivara, F. (1997). Fatal and non-fatal farm injuries to children and adolescents in the United States, 1990-3. Injury Prevention, 3(3), 190-194.

Supplement A

Policies and Procedures Guide

Supplement A to Agritourism Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

This guide serves as a supplement to “Agritourism Health and Safety Guidelines for

Children” (2007). Supplement A is printed and published by Marshﬁeld Clinic, 2008.

Supplement B

Worksite Guide

Supplement B to Agritourism Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

This guide serves as a supplement to “Agritourism Health and Safety Guidelines for

Children” (2007). Supplement B is printed and published by Marshﬁeld Clinic, 2008.

This Policies and Procedures Guide can

help create, revise, or add content to the

farm’s current policies and procedures.

The Worksite Guide can help operators and

workers perform a hazard identification

walkthrough of the agritourism worksite to view

and correct hazards before visits by guests.

Page 4

Agritourism

Introduction

Child Development and Safety Strategies

Visiting an agritourism attraction can be very exciting and educational for children. Children come to learn,

have fun and are not aware of the dangers present. Children are naturally curious and perceive the farm as a

playground. Therefore, it is important to talk to children about safety when they are visiting. Keep in mind that

children are unpredictable and may not follow safety instructions. The responsibility for children’s safety is up

to adults. Some adults may have unrealistic expectations of children’s understanding of hazardous situations.

Also remember that adults may not realize the risks associated with agricultural operations. Table 2 contains

information on the developmental abilities of children and adolescents and includes general safety strategies

based on age and developmental characteristics.

• Has difficulty with balance

• Experiments by touching, smelling and tasting

• Enjoys simple pretend play

• Explores and gets into everything

• Cannot sit still for more than a few minutes

• No sense of danger

• Energetic

• Can jump over objects 5 to 6 inches high

• Can solve problems if simple and concrete

• Will play alone or with others

• Enjoys mimicking adults

• Has illogical and imaginative thinking

• Is attracted to adult farm activities

• Can not fully understand dangers

• Poor hand-eye coordination

• Seeks parental approval

• Operates with concrete facts

• Unable to have abstract thought

• Enjoys quiet activities

• Curious about how things work

• Short attention span, likely to remain active

• Will attempt adult activities to impress parents

• Has good coordination skills, but will have

awkward moments

• Desires peer and social acceptance

• Desires to be independent from adults, will

attempt to do activities without them

• Successes are important

• Improvements in reaction time

• Specialized motor skills have developed

• Body strength and dexterity increase

• Does not fully understand consequences

• Risk taker

• Provide constant supervision

• Do not assume children can be

completely controlled

• Avoid uneven or slippery surfaces

• Keep away from moving machinery

• Lock up or place chemicals and sharp

objects out of reach

• Provide good handwashing

• Do not allow child to be an extra rider

• Provide constant supervision

• Requires a physical barrier from work areas

• Watch for tripping hazards

• Store ladders out of sight and reach

• Secure and lock or remove ladders on

buildings such as silos and grain bins

• Teach and provide good handwashing

• Do not allow child to be an extra rider

• Provide constant supervision

• Set rules and discuss safe behavior

• Talk openly about types of dangers and

consequences

• Teach and provide good handwashing

• Do not allow child to be an extra rider or

operate machinery

• Provide periodic supervision

• Set simple rules with consistent

consequences

• Reward child for good behavior

• Do not allow child to be an extra rider or to

operate machinery

• Require handwashing

Table 2. Child development and appropriate safety strategies

Developmental Characteristics Safety Strategies

6 – 23 months

2 to 5 years old

6 to 8 years old

9 to 10 years old

Page 5

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Introduction

11 to 13 years old

14 to 16 years old

17 to 18 years old

• Growing at a steady rate

• Small muscles are developing rapidly

• Has same coordination as adults but lapses

of awkwardness are common

• Has increasing physical and mental skills

• Desires peer and social acceptance

• Wishes to try new skills without constant

adult supervision

• Signs of independence emerging

• Success important for self-concept

• Growing rapidly and physically changing

leads to awkward movement

• Has moved from concrete thinking to

abstract; enjoys mental activity

• Can find solutions to own problems but still

needs adult guidance

• Feels need to be accepted by peers

• Resists adult authority

• Rebellious, risk-taking, mood swings and

aggressiveness are typical behaviors

• Feels immortal

• Needs independence and identity

• Awkwardness overcome, mastery of small

and large muscles basically complete

• Knows abilities, becoming independent person

• Feels immortal

• May act like child one day, adult the next

• Rebelliousness, risk-taking, and

aggressiveness are typical behaviors

• Consistent treatment from adults important

• Need independence and identity

• Has increased sense of adult responsibilities,

thinking of future

• Provide periodic supervision

• Set clear and consistent rules, discuss

consequences and rewards

• Provide specific education on farm

hazard prevention

• Require handwashing

• Provide periodic supervision

• Be consistent with rules

• Provide safety education using specific

examples of hazards and potential injuries

• Require handwashing

• Provide rules and allow open communication

• Encourage/ask to serve as a role model for

teaching younger children about farm safety

• Provide safety education and remind of

serious and real consequences of risk-taking

Concepts referenced from:

Fisher, RM and Lee, BC (2006). Interactive Demonstrations of Safe Play Areas. Marshfield, WI: Marshfield Clinic

Murphy, D and Hackett, K (1997). Children and Safety on the Farm. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University

Page 6

Agritourism

Introduction

Liability

Inviting the public onto a farm site results in some degree of liability.

Implementation of these guidelines is not intended to absolve the farm

owner of the responsibility for the health and safety of guests and their

children. They are, however, intended to reduce the risk of a guest being

injured and demonstrate a “good faith” effort to protect guests. To learn

more about liability insurance and to ensure your agritourism operation

has adequate coverage, consult an insurance agent and/or an attorney

who is familiar with this type of activity. It would also be advantageous

to contact and inform neighbors about plans to operate an agritourism

operation, or if a large group of people will be visiting the farm.

Employee, Volunteer and Family Training

This document’s key points about children’s health and safety must be

conveyed to family members, employees and/or volunteers involved in the

agritourism operation. To start, the farm owner should develop a safety

policy including safety goals for the operation. The farm owner, employees,

volunteers and family members should then work together to develop a plan

to meet this policy using relevant points from this document.

It is important that family members, employees and volunteers working

at the operation know how to do their jobs safely. Train and review

safety points with all new employees, volunteers and family members. An

effective strategy for teaching children to be safe is to have all employees,

volunteers and family members display safe practices at all times, as kids

will repeat what they see adults doing.

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Farmers and agritourism operators are encouraged to do a site walk-

through on their own or with family members, employees or volunteers

prior to each day or as often as feasible to identify any missed safety

hazards that children may encounter.

Health and Safety Information for Guests

Many of the visitors may have little or no experience with agriculture

and the rural environment. It is important that both the adults and the

children understand the hazards in this environment. This may be difficult.

Long-term agritourism operations that are open to the public without an

appointment will have guests and children arriving throughout the day

making it more challenging to thoroughly convey safety information.

Farms entertaining a group for a single event may be fortunate enough

to have advanced notice and can share health and safety information

before the group arrives. The following recommendations will be helpful

in communicating health and safety information.

Page 7

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Page 8

Recommendations for communicating health and safety information

q Take a few minutes when guests arrive to explain the hazards that

can be found around the farm. Have the rules posted.

q Inform guests and children about rules and any hazards at specific

attractions such as corn mazes and hayrides. Explain how these rules

will keep them safe.

q Place signs with short safety messages in and around areas where

hazards are present. Include “In Case of Emergency” signs around

the farm that have emergency contact numbers and the exact

location of the farm.

q Inform guests of the location of all restrooms and hand-washing

stations on the farm.

q Provide detailed health and safety information in advance of pre-arranged

visits. Ask if any of the children have special needs such as allergies or

a disability and try to best accommodate those needs. Visiting groups

should be given information explaining farm hazards and rules that adults

and children will be expected to follow. Include information such as:

– Required child-to-adult ratio (see supervision responsibilities

on page 23).

– Proper attire such as shoes instead of sandals, long pants

(depending on activity), no loose strings, frays, etc.

– Reminders about what to bring such as water, insect repellent

and sunscreen.

– Reminders about what not to bring such as pets, alcohol

and devices with open flames such as lighters, lanterns and

portable grills.

– Reminder to have personal contact information readily

available for children attending without parents.

– The farm’s Emergency Response Plan.

Agritourism

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Traffic and Pedestrian Safety

The combination of children and traffic in one location makes this

an important safety issue. Children have difficulty judging the speed

and distance of oncoming vehicles, they can be easily distracted by

attractions on the operation and they may be restless and impatient. The

overall recommendation is to keep children away from traffic areas.

Traffic and Pedestrian Safety Recommendations

q Large, easy-to-read signs should be located about a half mile from

the farm entrance in each direction on the road. Make sure to check

with local sign ordinances and the Department of Transportation

before posting signs. Signs will alert drivers going to the farm and

indicate to other traffic to be aware of stopped or turning vehicles.

Clearly mark the entrance to the farm or attraction. Make sure

that the entrance has adequate lighting and is wide enough to

accommodate school buses and other large vehicles.

q Make sure that the parking area is easily identifiable and away from

areas where children may be present. Have adequate parking for

the number of expected vehicles. Guests should not be allowed to

park on the public road. Not only is it illegal to park on most paved

county roads, but it also reduces the visibility for other drivers. If

a large group is coming consider having someone direct traffic to

the parking area. Anyone directing traffic on the farm should be

wearing a reflective or brightly colored (orange/yellow/green) vest.

Traffic flow in one direction is best. If possible, have a separate

entrance and exit onto and out of the property.

q Post speed limit signs on-site. Even though it will not be enforceable,

a posted speed limit will remind drivers to slow down. In addition,

post signs indicating that children are present. Many of these signs

are available over the Internet or from your local hardware store.

q The driveway to the parking area should be well maintained,

properly graded and well lit.

q If the farm or attraction is hosting a large event chances are there

will not be a gravel lot large enough to handle all vehicles. Most

often parking in grassy areas or in a pasture near the site is the best

option. Parking areas should be mowed, free of steep grades and

trip hazards. Have an alternate parking plan in case of rain or mud.

q If the parking area is far from the farm attractions, have a site where

cars and busses can drop-off and pick-up guests.

Page 9

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Page 10

Surfaces, Barriers and Storage Areas

Surfaces

An important aspect of preparing the farm site for agritourism is to

ensure that children and all other guests have a clear, level, and

unobstructed surface for exploring the site. Whether you have pathways

to guide guests from one attraction to the next, or if you allow guests

to freely roam around the farm, there are several recommendations

that can reduce the risk of trips, falls and potential injury.

Surfacing Recommendations

q Areas of the farm where guests will be present should be properly

drained. Fill in small depressions where water may pool to prevent

the formation of puddles.

q Minimize the use of steps and stairs. If stairs are needed, make sure

they have handrails.

q If walkways are used, make sure they are smooth and level. Avoid

steep grades. If one of the purposes of a walkway is to guide

guests from one attraction to the next, make sure they are easily

identifiable with appropriate signage.

q Special consideration should be made for children and guests with

disabilities. Make sure the walkways and the surfaces around the

farm are smooth and wide enough to accommodate wheelchairs

and scooters. Check to see if your operation needs to comply with

the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Information on the ADA

can be found on the Department of Justice website at

http://www.ada.gov/ada_intro.htm. The ADA Guide for Small

Business contains photos and illustrations for additional help:

http://www.ada.gov/smbusgd.pdf.

Barriers

The use of barriers is important to prevent children and guests from

entering non-permitted areas, and/or from coming into contact with

hazardous machinery, animals, etc. For the purpose of this document

barriers mostly refer to fencing. However, there are many situations

where a barrier is intended for crowd control, rather than a separation

from a hazardous area. In those situations, choose barriers that are

appropriate and will not create additional hazards. The following

factors should be considered:

Barrier Recommendations

q Identify all areas on the farm where fencing would make an

effective barrier, such as around ponds, near operating equipment,

in front of animals and near parking areas.

q Determine the type of barrier or fencing that will be effective for the

given area. See Table 3 for fencing guidelines specific to children.

Agritourism

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Page 11

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Table 3: Fencing Guidelines and Recommendations

Recommended Fencing

Type of Fencing Attributes and Concerns

Mesh Can be fitted to existing fence

Attach mesh to railing to prevent sagging

Mesh can unravel leading to ineffectiveness

Panel Challenging to climb

Some models do not allow for visual supervision from outside

Privacy Challenging to climb

Difficult to visually supervise from outside

Wrought Iron Challenging to climb

Space between vertical members must be less than 3½ inches

Avoid models with spikes – can cause puncture wounds

Chain Link Fence offers long-lasting stability

Easy to climb (can add weaving to minimize)

Cover exposed points – could cause puncture wounds

Cautionary Fencing

Type of Fencing Concerns

Hedge Must be thick enough to achieve boundaries

Sharp twigs – can cause puncture wounds

Requires weekly inspection for sharp twigs and holes in barrier

Only use varieties without thorns

Galvanized Net Larger grades easily climbed – can cause head injury

Sharp points – can cause puncture wounds and scrapes

Chicken Wire Wire uncomfortable for fingers and toes

Sharp ends – can cause puncture wounds

Requires monthly inspection for sharp edges

Plastic Snow Fence Bendable – can cause entanglement

Fence can be easily knocked down

Children can easily crawl beneath fence

Deteriorates – need for replacement yearly

Not Recommended

Type of Fencing Concerns

Split Rail Easily climbed – can cause head injury

Easily crawled through

Spacing of horizontal members – could cause head entrapment

Welded Wire Easily climbed – can cause head injury

Bendable – can cause entanglement

Picket Easily climbed – can cause head and neck injury and puncture wounds

Garden Easily climbed – can cause head injury

Bendable – can cause entrapment

Concepts referenced from:

Fisher, RM and Lee, BC (2006). Interactive Demonstrations of Safe Play Areas. Marshfield, WI: Marshfield Clinic

Page 12

Agritourism

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

q Fencing intended to be a physical barrier to prevent children and

guests from entering non-permitted areas should be at least 4 ft high,

go all the way to the ground to prevent children from crawling under

and designed so children can not climb over.

q Barbed wire, smooth wire and woven wire fencing should be avoided,

as their purpose is to contain animals and may pose a risk of injury

to children. Turn off all electric fences when children are on the farm

and be sure they are easily identifiable with warning signs. If electric

fences located on the farm are not necessary have them taken down.

q Keep in mind the importance of gates and latches. Be sure they are

able to withstand weather, as well as possible misuse by children.

Latching mechanisms should not be accessible to younger children.

Storage Areas

Secure storage areas are important when children are present on the

farm. Secure locked storage is one way to ensure that items such as

farm equipment, tools and chemicals, which are necessary for the

operation of a farm, do not become a safety hazard for children. Each

farm owner should identify all hazardous items that must be locked and

stored out of the reach of children.

Storage Area Recommendations

q Chemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides, fuels and pharmaceuticals

need to be kept in a locked storage area that is cool and dry and

has proper ventilation.

q All hand tools and power tools need to be stored in an area that can

be locked to prevent access by children.

q All storage areas such as barns, sheds and grain bins need

to be locked when children are on the farm unless the area

is part of the agritourism operation, and has been purged of

hazardous items and is under constant supervision by adults.

Machinery Safety

Working with machinery is one of the most hazardous tasks that farmers

and farm workers do. Moving parts can cause pinching and crushing

injuries. Entanglements in drive belts and power take offs (PTOs) can

cause severe injury and even death, and loud noises produced by

farm machinery can cause hearing loss. For purposes of this document,

any mechanical device used on the farm should be considered farm

machinery. This includes, but is not limited to, power tools, farm

implements and tractors. From the standpoint of children, tractors

and similar equipment such as combines, grain carts and trucks often

arouse the most interest. The following recommendations will reduce the

likelihood of children being injured or killed by machinery located on

the agritourism site.

Machinery Safety Recommendations

q Keep children away from farm machinery. Machinery should be out

of sight and in proper storage areas that are locked at all times.

q If possible, do not operate farm machinery when children and other

guests are on the farm.

q If machinery is required to be in operation when children are

present, make sure that it is attended at all times. If any machinery

will be operating unattended, it needs to be in proper working

condition and inaccessible to children. Proper barriers should be

installed around operating and non-operating equipment. Do not

allow children or other guests to operate equipment.

There are some situations where the display of farm machinery,

specifically tractors, combines and other implements, is an integral part

of the agritourism operation. Machinery is part of modern farming, and

for many people visiting a farm, viewing this equipment up close is part

of the experience. It is up to each farm owner to determine whether or

not to allow children an up-close look at farm machinery. Be aware that

if children are allowed to climb onto equipment, the risk for injury is

greatly increased. For those situations where access to farm machinery

is permitted, the following guidelines should be in place, in addition to

those previously mentioned.

Page 13

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Page 14

Agritourism

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Machine Display and Demonstration Recommendations

q Make sure it is not possible for children and guests to activate any

mechanical part of the equipment.

q Tractors, combines and other vehicles should be parked on a level

surface. Secure the equipment using the parking brake and wheel blocks.

All loaders and 3 point hitch attachments and implements should be

lowered to the ground. The keys should never be left in the machinery.

q Limit children and guests to ladders and steps if accessing the cab.

Under no circumstances should anyone be allowed to climb on other

parts of the equipment.

q Cover sharp or protruding edges, tighten loose screws and repair

broken railings and steps.

q Children climbing onto equipment should be supervised by someone

from the farm who is familiar with the equipment. Do not assume that

parents or chaperones can provide adequate supervision around

farm equipment.

q If demonstrating the operation of equipment, keep children at least

20 feet away and behind an adequate barrier.

q Never operate or demonstrate any equipment that can eject or throw

objects when guests are present. This includes lawn mowers and

brush cutters.

q Do not allow children or other guests to climb on equipment while it

is in operation.

Page 15

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Animal Safety

Animals on the farm can be more dangerous than machinery. Animals

are unpredictable. That is why it is important to make sure that children

are kept away from large animals. Injuries commonly caused by animals

include being stepped on, pushed over, pinned between the animal and

a hard surface, kicked and bitten. The following recommendations apply

specifically to injuries caused by animals. Later in these guidelines we

will discuss the health hazards associated with animal contact.

Animal Safety Recommendations

q Large animals (cows and horses) should not be brought out of stalls

for viewing. It is impossible for a person to control a large animal. If

the animal becomes startled while in the open it could trample those

in the area.

q Make sure the fencing or barrier between the animals and children is

adequate and that children can not climb over or under it (see Table 3).

q If using horses to pull hayrides or sleighs, harness and hitch the

horses before loading the hay wagon.

q Double fencing should be used to prevent children from reaching

animals that have a tendency to bite.

q Do not allow children and guests to pet animals that have a

tendency to bite. When choosing animals for petting, make sure they

are healthy and docile in nature. Petting of reptiles or wild animals

should never be allowed.

q If displaying animals for petting purposes they should be appropriate for

young children. A calf may be small to you, but enormous to a toddler.

q Farm pets, such as dogs, should be tied up or kenneled and

physically separated from the visiting children. Never assume that

your pet will not bite someone.

q Make sure all animals are up to date on vaccinations.

Page 16

Agritourism

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Ponds and Water Hazards

A variety of water hazards can be found on farms. Some are natural

features of the landscape such as ponds, streams, lakes and rivers,

while others are artificial features built to prevent erosion, control

flooding or used for recreation. If the farm or nearby land contains

any of these water hazards, it is important to take steps to reduce

the risk of drowning. Ponds or natural waterways, such as lakes or

streams, should be off limits. Keep in mind that water attracts young

children, and if a pond or natural waterway is located on the property,

drowning is possible.

Pond and Water Safety Recommendations

q Inform all guests that the water is off limits.

q Instruct all parents and chaperones of the dangers associated with

ponds. Ask that they maintain direct eye contact with the children for

which they are responsible.

q If possible enclose the area around the water with a fence or barrier

that has a self-closing, self-latching gate that can be locked. (See

Table 3).

q Place warning signs near the water.

q Have rescue equipment (buoy, rope, pole) readily available.

q General water safety, basic water rescue techniques, first-aid and

CPR should be known by the farm owner, any family members

involved in the operation and employees or volunteers.

Page 17

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Fire Safety

Structure fires as well as wildfires are a concern for agritourism operations.

Many things found on the farm can cause a fire. These include open

flames (candles, matches and cigarettes), static electricity, sparks,

bonfires, burn barrels, machinery, welding equipment, lightning and even

spontaneous combustion from wet hay, paints and other chemicals. The

presence of children in this environment further underscores the importance

of fire safety for agritourism operations. Children’s curiosity and fascination

with fire puts them and others at risk. Questions about fire safety should be

reviewed with the local fire department or the state fire marshal office. The

following guidelines should be a part of written fire safety plans and be

enforced on the operation.

Fire Safety Recommendations

q Make sure children are closely supervised. In the event of a fire,

adults must ensure all children are accounted for.

q Inform children of the dangers of fires and instruct them on safe

behavior to prevent fires while on the farm.

q Instruct children and other guests on what to do in the event of a fire.

q Do not permit smoking in the farm site.

q Have the appropriate fire extinguishers available and located

throughout the farm site. For most agritourism operations and farm

sites a combination ABC-rated fire extinguisher with a minimum

size rating of 5 – 10 will meet your requirements. See Table 4 for

additional information on choosing a fire extinguisher.

q Any buildings where children and guests will be present should have

working smoke detectors.

q Buildings should have clearly marked exit signs and all exits should

be clear of obstacles that could hinder escape.

Page 18

Agritourism

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

q Have an evacuation plan for all outdoor venues that may be

susceptible to wildfire or grassfires.

q Remove brush and vegetation from around buildings and other

structures. Pay special attention to areas where dead or dry plant

material may accumulate.

q Remove excessive dust, cobwebs and other potential combustible

material from all buildings where children and guests may be present.

q Do not store fuel inside buildings and do not refuel vehicles while

they are indoors.

q Properly dry all hay that will be placed in a barn or other structure.

q Remove brush and mow fields that will be used for parking.

q Never carry out field burning or prescribed burns when children

and guests are present at the farm.

q Share your fire safety plan with the local fire department. Provide

them with the hours of your operation, your exact location and

the site of each attraction (a detailed map is best), as well as the

average number of guests present per day. Make the fire crew’s job

easier by making sure they can access all areas of your farm with

their equipment.

Concepts referenced from:

Farm Safety Association (2006). Agricultural Fire Safety. Guelph, Ontario Canada

Table 4: Fire classes and the appropriate fire extinguisher

Class

Description

Ordinary combustible materials such as wood,

paper, textiles, etc.

Flammable and combustible liquids such as

gasoline, oils, fats, etc.

Energized electrical equipment such as electrical

wiring, motors, appliances, etc.

Combustible metals such as magnesium,

potassium, etc.

Vegetable oils, animal oils in cooking

appliances.

Appropriate Fire Extinguisher

A fire extinguisher labeled with the letter A or ABC

A fire extinguisher labeled with the letter B or ABC

A fire extinguisher labeled with the letter C or ABC

A fire extinguisher labeled with the letter D

A fire extinguisher labeled with the letter K

Page 19

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Attractive Nuisances

An attractive nuisance is a place or object on the farm that

unintentionally attracts children. Ponds, open pits, manure storage

areas, stacked hay bales, unsecured ladders, grain bins, farm tools and

equipment can all be considered attractive nuisances

[3]

. Some attractive

nuisances are addressed specifically in these guidelines, such as ponds

and machinery. However, most attractive nuisances are less obvious,

and steps should be taken to reduce the likelihood of a child being

injured or killed. For additional information on attractive nuisances see

“Landowner Liability for Trespassing Children: Ohio’s New Attractive

Nuisance Doctrine” at http://dticreative.com/client/WrightLaw/beta/

wp-content/uploads/2012/12/tresspassing_child_1007.pdf and “States

Recreational Use Statutes” at http://nationalaglawcenter.org/state-

compilations/recreational-use/

Attractive Nuisance Recommendations

q Assess all structures, objects or places that may pose a risk to children.

Keep in mind that children see the world from a lower height than adults,

so make sure to pay special attention to objects that are noticeable from

their level.

q Determine the likelihood that a child would be able to gain access to

the area where an attractive nuisance is located. Would it be easily

noticed by children? Is it easy to access the area? Is it an isolated

area with no adult supervision? When children are present at the site,

regularly monitor those areas.

q Eliminate the attractive nuisance or

prevent children from accessing the area.

Secure or lock all gates and doors to

prevent access, remove ladders or other

objects that children would be likely to

climb. Remove or lock tools and other

equipment. Just because an area is

designated off limits doesn’t mean a

child will not enter.

Definition

Attractive nuisances are

something on a piece of

property that attracts children

but also endangers their

safety. For example, unfenced

swimming pools, open

pits, farm equipment and

abandoned refrigerators

have all qualified as

attractive nuisances.

3. OSU Extension Fact Sheet. Landowner Liability for Trespassing Children: Ohio’s Attractive Nuisance

Doctrine. ALS-1007-03.

Page 20

Agritourism

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Pest Control

Depending on the geographical location, controlling insect and animal

pests may be more for the comfort of guests than for their safety.

However, some diseases like West Nile virus, Hantavirus, Rabies, and

Lyme disease can be transmitted by contact with an insect or animal

pest. Some animals may also be poisonous or physically dangerous.

Pest Control Recommendations

q Reduce insect pests by removing and draining any stagnant or

standing water. Apply larvacide to water that can not be drained to

prevent mosquitoes from reproducing. If using chemical pesticides,

apply according to the manufacturer’s directions. Only apply

pesticides when guests are not present.

q Monitor area for insect nests such as bee hives and hornets’ nests –

remove immediately when children are not present.

q Eliminate any favorable habitats for undesirable wild animals that may

be on the site. Keep the grass short and clear the brush in areas where

children and guests are present. Keep children away from wood and

rock piles. Instruct guests to report any sightings of wild animals or

unwanted pests.

Page 21

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Food Safety

Not every agritourism venue serves food. However, even if food service

is not part of the operation, consumption of food is likely, especially if

children are visiting for several hours. Therefore, steps to ensure food

safety is important for operations that prepare and sell food, as well as

for those that allow guests to bring picnic lunches and/or snacks. Proper

storage and preparation of food, as well as suitable sanitation, will

help to insure that the consumption of food on site will not lead to the

development of foodborne illness among guests.

All food distributed or sold must be stored, prepared and served

according to local health department rules and regulations. Laws

and regulations associated with food service to the public may vary

by location, so check with your local health department to determine

which licenses and permits are required. Consider having all food

service facilities, including concession stands, inspected by the health

department regardless of permit requirements.

In addition to following all regulations, three general practices - personal

hygiene, contamination prevention, and temperature control – can prevent

most foodborne illnesses if applied properly

[4]

. Additional information on

food safety can be found at the United States Department of Agriculture

Food Safety and Inspection website at http://www.fsis.usda.gov/ or from

your local county extension agency.

Food Safety Recommendations

q Require food servers to thoroughly wash their hands with warm

running before handling and preparing food.

q Provide disposable gloves for handling food.

q Check temperatures of appliances and food with thermometers.

q Wash, rinse, sanitize and air dry all utensils and preparation surfaces.

q Keep raw meat away from other food.

q Cook all food to proper temperatures.

q Cool hot food quickly before storing.

q Control pests, such as flies, in all food service and

dining areas.

q Do not offer raw (unpasteurized) products for guest

consumption including milk, cheese, ciders or juices.

4. (2005) Food safety is everyone’s business, your guide to preventing foodborne illness. (DOH Pub 332-036). Washington State Department of Health.

Page 22

Agritourism

Pre-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Handwashing and Restrooms

Proper hand-washing is important when visiting a farm site. In addition

to naturally occurring dust and dirt, farms may also have pathogens

present that can lead to illness. Allergens in dust, animal dander

and pollen may also be present. In most cases, exposure to dirt and

microorganisms is of little concern (see “animal contact and petting

zoo” section for additional information on potentially dangerous

microorganisms). Still a few general guidelines may decrease health

risks related to hygiene.

Handwashing and Restroom Recommendations

q Provide easily accessible hand washing facilities for children. Warm

running water with soap and paper towels is best, but may not be

practical for every situation.

q Make sure hand-washing stations are low enough for children to

reach. When water is unavailable, have disposable cleansing

wipes or hand sanitizers available. Instruct children to wash

hands before consuming food, after petting/touching animals and

before departure.

q There will also be a need for restrooms, depending on the size of

your agritourism operation, operating hours, whether the operation

serves food and beverages and the number of guests. If it is a small

group on site for a few hours, the standard restroom facilities on the

farm may be adequate. However, for long-term operations, or all

day events with many people, portable restrooms should be brought

in to handle the volume. Consider handrails in the stalls and diaper

changing areas.

q Post and update written cleaning log in handwashing facilities

and restrooms.

Page 23

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Health and Safety Recommendations During Events

Health and Safety Recommendations

During Events

Supervision Responsibilities

Proper supervision of children is imperative on the farm. But what is “proper

supervision”? It is assumed that if an adult is “keeping an eye” on the

children, then they are being supervised. This may not be the case, as the

supervising adult may not be able to intervene in some situations that arise.

When it comes to the supervision of children in the agritourism setting,

providing the necessary information to parents, chaperones and staff is the

farm owner’s responsibility.

Farm Owner Supervision Recommendations

q Have workers supervise guests at all times.

q Make sure children under 16 years of age are accompanied by a

parent or chaperone.

q When working with a group such as one sponsored by a school or

club, find out the number of children expected, and make sure the

group has an adequate adult-to-child ratio (See Table 5).

q Ask workers to remind parents/chaperones to be within eyesight and

an arm’s reach of the young children they are responsible for.

q Speak with parents/chaperones if they are not providing adequate

supervision.

Parent and Chaperone Supervision Recommendations

q Make sure that children follow all the rules of the operation.

q Understand the importance of enforcing health and safety guidelines.

q Be within eyesight and an arm’s reach of young children at all times.

q Make sure chaperones are responsible for supervising specific children.

Table 5. Recommended adult to child ratios for visiting farms

Age Number of Children Number of Adults

Under 5 2 1

5-8 3 1

9-12 5 1

13-17 10 1

Adapted from: National Park Service.

Page 24

Agritourism

Health and Safety Recommendations During Events

Incident and Emergency Response

Even if the farm owner implements every safety guideline in this

document there is still the possibility of an injury event or emergency.

It is important to plan for incidents and emergencies before they occur.

Medical services, as well as fire and rescue, may be located far from

the farm site. As a result, it will be necessary for the farm owner and/

or someone in charge to respond until help arrives.

Incident and Emergency Response Recommendations

q Fire extinguishers and first-aid kits should be placed in several

locations on the farm. Locations should be clearly marked and

available to everyone. First-aid kits should be inspected often and

supplies should be replaced as needed.

q Have a written Emergency Response Plan. This plan should be read

and understood by family members, employees and volunteers

involved in the agritourism operation and available to all guests.

Include important contact numbers, locations of first-aid kits and

fire extinguishers and the assigned roles and responsibilities of the

owner, family members, employees and volunteers.

q Children attending without parents or guardians need to have

personal contact information available.

q A designated person should be in charge of managing incidents

and emergencies. For small farms handling a onetime tour or event,

this most likely would be the farm owner. For larger, season-long

operations, the designated person “in charge” should be on site at

all times.

Page 25

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Health and Safety Recommendations During Events

q All family members, employees and volunteers involved in the operation

should have a way to quickly and effectively communicate with each other

from any location on the farm. All workers should have or be supplied

with a cell phone or walkie-talkie.

q Someone trained in CPR and first-aid should be present during all hours

open to the public. CPR and first-aid training are available from the

American Red Cross and/or similar community organizations.

q All family members, employees and volunteers should be trained to

respond to emergency incidents. For information on emergency response

please see Penn State University’s Farm Family Emergency Response

Program at http://www.farmemergencies.psu.edu/, the Natural Resource,

Agriculture and Engineering Service’s NRAES-12 Manual “First on the

Scene” at http://host31.spidergraphics.com/nra/doc/Fair%20Use%20

Web%20PDFs/NRAES-12_Web.pdf.

q Only a parent can decide if a serious injury does not require

emergency personnel.

Page 26

Agritourism

Health and Safety Recommendations During Events

Hazardous Weather

While some weather events such as rain and blustery winds can disrupt

an agritourism operation, it is the hazardous weather events that are

of most concern. Because the majority of agritourism events occur

outdoors, be aware of changing weather conditions. It’s best to develop

an inclement Weather Safety Plan to add to Emergency Response Plan.

The following are general recommendations specific to the type of

hazardous weather. Be advised these recommendations may need to be

adapted to fit specific needs, and all possible hazardous weather events

are not covered. Additional weather safety information can be found on

the National Weather Service website at http://www.weather.gov/safety.

Severe Thunderstorms and Tornados

Heavy rain, flash floods, hail, lightning, strong winds and tornados can all

be associated with thunderstorms. Thunderstorms can happen any time of

year but are most common in spring and summer. The existence of multiple

dangers and varying degrees of severity make thunderstorms particularly

dangerous, therefore, be sure to follow these recommendations.

Thunderstorm and Tornado Recommendations

q Be aware of all hazardous weather watches and warnings. Do not

rely on the sky to alert you to hazardous weather. Have a radio or

NOAA weather radio available to receive the latest watches and

warnings from The National Weather Service. If forecasts predict a

high chance of hazardous weather consider postponing activities

or having alternate activates that will reduce the likelihood of being

caught in hazardous weather.

q Make sure guests know where to take cover from hazardous weather.

Provide adequate shelter for the specific weather conditions. A

shelter should have a capacity greater than the number of guests on

the site at any given time. Instruct all guests, especially parents and

chaperones, of hazardous weather procedures. In cases of a severe

thunderstorm or tornado, have guests take cover in a sturdy structure.

The best protection is a permanent building with a basement or a

below-grade floor.

q Take special precaution for lightning. If you can hear thunder, then

the risk of lightning exists. Lightning can strike well ahead of an

oncoming storm, as far as 10 miles. Only totally enclosed structures

provide adequate protection from lightning. Tents and similar covered

structures do not provide sufficient protection. If a shelter is not

available, have guests return to their cars or buses.

q If the property is prone to flash flooding have children and guests

avoid low-lying areas during and immediately after storms.

Page 27

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Health and Safety Recommendations During Events

Excessive Heat

In the summer months, agritourism operations should be prepared for

extremely hot, humid weather. Children more readily absorb heat on

hot days than adults and physically they are less able to dissipate it.

Children may also not be aware of the symptoms of heat exhaustion

and heat stroke, and need to be reminded to drink plenty of water

[5]

The following recommendations may help to prevent heat exhaustion

and heat stroke.

Excessive Heat Recommendations

q Be aware of the heat index, which is a combination of air

temperature and relative humidity. If the heat index reaches

90 degrees heat exhaustion and heat stroke are possible.

q Know the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat

stroke and keep an eye out for any children or guests exhibiting

these symptoms.

q When the heat index is high, reschedule strenuous activities to early

morning or evening.

q Make sure to have areas where children and guests can go for relief

from the heat. An air conditioned room is best, but shaded areas

will help. If natural shaded areas are not available erect a canopy to

provide protection from direct sunlight.

q Have a supply of fresh drinking water that was inspected by

local public health authorities available or advise guests to bring

plenty of water for themselves and any children for whom they are

responsible. In the case of children, make sure they drink plenty of

water before they begin to feel thirsty.

q If any child or guest has symptoms of heat stroke, call

911 and/or an ambulance. Make sure they receive

immediate medical treatment.

It is important to remember

children are much more

susceptible to heat exhaustion

and heat stroke than adults.

Symptoms

Heat Exhaustion – muscle

cramps, sweating, weakness,

cold clammy skin, fainting,

vomiting, vague expression,

and lack of awareness.

Heat Stroke – hot dry skin,

rapid pulse, high body

temperature, and collapse.

5. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Sports Medicine and Fitness. (2000). Climatic heat

stress and the exercising child and adolescent. Pediatrics, 106, 158-159.

Page 28

Agritourism

Health and Safety Recommendations During Events

Winter Storms and Extreme Cold

Agritourism events are typically held in the summer and fall. There

may, however, be some winter attractions that take place. If children

will be visiting in the winter, be sure to prepare for cold weather.

Winter Storms and Extreme Cold

q If a prescheduled group is arriving, be sure to indicate that children

should have clothing suitable for the weather conditions and for the

time spent outside.

q Be aware of low temperatures and wind chill factors and avoid

prolonged outdoor exposure to those temperatures.

q Closely supervise children and be aware of exposed skin and

signs of frostbite such as numbness in the extremities and white or

grayish-yellow skin areas.

q Know the signs of hypothermia and immediately move victims to a

heated area and contact emergency personnel.

q Provide a heated shelter and make it available to children and

guests if they feel that they need to warm up or if they have failed

to bring adequate outdoor winter clothing.

Page 29

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Health and Safety Guidelines for Specific Attractions

Health and Safety Guidelines for

Specific Attractions

Hayrides

Hayrides are a common agritourism attraction. If done properly they can

be a very enjoyable experience for children visiting the farm. However,

they can be extremely dangerous if adequate safety precautions are not in

place. The following recommendations can decrease the risk of injury or

unintentional death.

Hayride Safety Recommendations

q At the beginning of each day, inspect tractors and hay wagons for safe

and efficient operation. Check the hitch and make sure safety chains

are in use.

q The tractor pulling the hayride must weigh more than the gross weight

of the heaviest wagon it will tow. This is necessary for adequate

traction and braking.

q If using horses to pull hayrides or sleighs please see the Animal Safety

section of the guideline document for information on safety around animals.

q Check the hay wagon and repair loose boards and railings, sharp

edges and exposed screws and nails.

q Have sturdy steps with handrails for easy loading and unloading of

passengers.

q Have a responsible adult with a valid driver’s license operate the tractor.

Because of the presence of children, have the proper child-to-adult ratios

on the hayride (see Table 5).

q Choose the route carefully. Make sure it does not have steep grades or

other hazards that can affect the stability of the tractor or hay wagon.

q Do not travel on or across public roads and highways. If offering sleigh

rides in the winter, do not travel on or cross snowmobile trails.

q Drive slowly and do not tow more than one wagon.

q Never allow riders on the tractor.

q The hay wagon should have railings and seating. It is especially

important to have a sturdy railing in the front of the wagon to prevent

riders from falling forward and being inadvertently run over. No one

should be allowed to hang their feet over the edge of the wagon.

q Do not allow standing on or crawling around the wagon. Jumping on

and off the moving wagon should be forbidden. The operator of the

hayride should be prepared to stop at the request of passengers.

q Clearly state safety rules to passengers and children once they are

seated and ready to begin the hayride.

Page 30

Agritourism

Health and Safety Guidelines for Specific Attractions

Corn Mazes

Corn mazes are a popular agritourism attraction. They can range

in size from a few acres to tens of acres. Children and young adults

are most likely to be the primary visitors to corn mazes. Some will be

supervised by parents and chaperones, while others will want to go

into corn mazes on their own.

Some mazes have elaborate designs and many dead ends requiring

considerable time to navigate, while others are a simple single winding

path through the field. Regardless of how elaborate the corn maze is,

the same basic safety recommendations apply. Note that the increase in

popularity of corn mazes has led to some local regulations being adopted.

Check with your local municipality about any regulations for corn mazes in

your area.

Corn Maze Recommendations

q Walking on rough ground can be difficult for small children. Smooth

out the path through the maze to prevent trips and falls. Remove

ruts, bumps and debris from the path.

q The perimeter around the maze should be clear of vegetation or

other structures.

q All traffic and parking should be at least 75 feet away from the

maze. (See traffic and pedestrian safety section for additional

recommendations.)

q Post rules at the entrance of the maze.

q Review basic safety issues with guests before they enter the maze.

q Make sure children and adolescents know how to quickly exit the

maze by following the nearest row to the perimeter. Have signs and

arrows around the perimeter of the maze directing guests to the

entrance and exit of the maze.

q Children under 12 years of age should be accompanied by an

adult, unless the maze is specifically designed for young children.

q Have two people monitor the maze from elevated platforms high

enough so they have a clear view of the entire maze.

q Include a public address system such as a bullhorn or loud speaker

so people monitoring the maze can give instructions to children and

other guests who are in the maze.

q Give flags to all guests entering the maze that can be used to alert

those monitoring the attraction.

q Do not operate motorized vehicles in the maze.

Page 31

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Health and Safety Guidelines for Specific Attractions

q In some cases a corn maze may be located far from the farm or

parking area. Therefore, there should be a way to contact emergency

personnel from the corn maze site and a designated vehicle for

emergencies.

q Be prepared for fires:

– No open flame producing devices and/or equipment in

the maze

– No smoking, cigarette lighters or matches

– No candles or lanterns

– Contact the local fire department and provide them with the Fire

Safety Plan for the corn maze. Make sure the fire department

is aware of the size of the maze and the exact location

– Have a fire extinguisher available to the individuals monitoring

the maze

Page 32

Agritourism

Health and Safety Guidelines for Specific Attractions

Animal Contact and Petting Zoos

Zoonoses are infectious diseases that can be transmitted from

animals to people. Transmission of a zoonotic disease can be

caused by direct contact with an animal or contact with the animals’

surroundings. If an agritourism operation involves contact with

animals, or if animals are present on the farm, special precautions

should be taken to protect the health of children. Any activities that

put children in contact with animals or their environments put them at

increased risk for contracting a zoonotic disease. Table 6 lists several

zoonoses found in agricultural settings.

Table 6. Examples of zoonoses found in agricultural

animals and their environments

(Please note that there are many other zoonoses beyond these examples)

Zoonoses Animal Species or Environment

E. coli Cattle, sheep, deer, goats and birds

Influenza Pigs, horses, poultry, domestic and wild

ducks and geese

Leptospirosis Cattle

Rabies Most farm animals, dogs and cats, wild

animals

Milker’s Nodules Cattle

Q Fever (Coxiella brunetii) Sheep, goats and cattle

Salmonellosis Most farm animals

Ringworm Cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, dogs and

cats

Orf (Contagious Ecthyma) Sheep, goats

Tularemia Rabbits, other wild and domestic animals

Cryptospordisis Calves, lambs, deer, and goats

Concepts referenced from:

Donham, KJ, et al. (2006). Zoonotic Diseases: An Overview. In. Donham, KJ. and Thelin, A. Agricultural

Medicine: Occupational and Environmental Health for the Health Professional. 357-379. Ames, IA:

Blackwell Publishing.

There are several important characteristics of zoonotic diseases.

They are difficult to diagnose. The early symptoms of many zoonotic

diseases often resemble stomach flu and would likely be diagnosed

incorrectly, unless the treating physician is aware that the patient

recently had contact with animals. Animals are often carriers of the

disease but do not have any noticeable signs of disease. Therefore,

a visual inspection of the animals will not indicate if they have the

potential to transmit a disease to a person.

A detailed source of information on prevention of dis eases associated

with animals in public settings was developed by the National

Association of State Public Health Veterinarians. The “Animals in Public

Settings Compendium” can be downloaded at http://nasphv.org/

Documents/AnimalContactCompendium2013.pdf.

People who rarely visit

farms may be more

susceptible to contracting

certain zoonotic diseases.

This is especially true

for young children and

immune depressed

individuals; therefore extra

caution should be made

when they are present.

Definition

Zoonoses are infectious

diseases that can be

transmitted from animals

both wild and domestic, to

humans.

Page 33

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Health and Safety Guidelines for Specific Attractions

Recommendations for Preventing Zoonotic Diseases

q Perform multiple daily inspections of animal facilities to ensure they

are safe and secure.

q Closely supervise all guests at all times. Pay special attention to

children and ask parents and chaperones to make sure that children

are following the recommended guidelines.

q Hand-washing facilities should be located immediately outside areas

where there is contact with animals or their environment. The best option

is to have people exit from the animal area to where hand washing

facilities are located. Soap and running water need to be available for

proper hand washing and are the preferred method to clean hands that

are visibly soiled. Be sure to provide paper towels for guests. Place signs

around the area to encourage all children and guests to wash their hands

before they leave. If it is not possible to have adequate hand washing

facilities, sanitary hand wipes or liquid hand sanitizers may be used.

Inform guests to properly wash hands before eating or drinking.

q Include a “hand-washing demonstration” for children as a

planned activity after visiting with animals. Instructions on proper

handwashing are available at: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/

preview/mmwrhtml/rr5605a4.htm.

q Eating or drinking must not be allowed in animal areas under

any circumstances.

q Inform parents and chaperones not to bring cups, bottles, pacifiers

or toys into the animal area.

q Guests with open wounds or compromised immune systems should

not have contact with the animals and are encouraged to remain

outside the area.

q Animals that will be in contact with the children and the public

should be vaccinated and monitored daily for health problems. Sick

animals or animals behaving strangely should not be in contact with

the public. Contact your veterinarian or the USDA for information

on preventative health measures for animals that will be in contact

with children.

q Clearly identify animals that are in contact with the public and keep

up-to-date vaccination and health information records.

q Encourage guests to immediately report animal bites, scratches or

scrapes to the person and/or persons in charge. Administer first-aid

as soon as possible.

q Make sure that guests do not have any contact with animal birthing

by-products.

q Stay informed of emerging zoonotic diseases and/or new

outbreaks of old diseases. If any of the newly identified diseases

are associated with animals at your operation, take the necessary

precautions to protect the public.

Page 34

Agritourism

Post-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Post-Event Health and

Safety Recommendations

Inspections and Repairs

Periodic inspections and repairs of the farm site should be conducted

to ensure that all safety measures are still in place. The best option is

to inspect the farm site at the end of the day, or after a large event.

If an inspection has uncovered an item in need of repair, it should

be completed as soon as possible and documented. Farm owners

conducting a post-event inspection of their farm should pay particular

attention to the following.

Inspection and Repair Recommendations

q The yard and all pathways should be cleared of debris and in good

condition. Check for holes, ruts and other trip hazards. Make sure

the parking area is still in good condition and that all the signs are

still in place.

q Check all fences and barriers to make sure they are still in good

condition. Replace any worn out part and check for loose nails and

screws. Gates should be checked if they close correctly and that

latches work properly.

q Hand-washing facilities and restrooms should be cleaned several

times a day. Large operations with employees or volunteers should

keep a written log of when hand washing facilities and restrooms

have been cleaned. Be sure to restock paper towels and soap.

q Check all areas on the farm that are designated off-limits. If an area

designated off-limits has been entered, take additional measures to

prevent future access.

q Talk to your guests as they leave and inquire about any safety

concerns they have. Their perspective can give insight into hazards

that may not be apparent. Evaluate their concerns and take

appropriate action.

q Keep written, dated records of all inspections and corrections.

Page 35

Post-Event Health and Safety Recommendations

Documentation

The type of documentation that should be kept for the agritourism

operation will vary depending on the size of the operation and the

specific attractions. Documentation will not prevent an incident or

emergency from occurring, but it will be very helpful to have if a child

experiences an injury or adverse exposure while visiting. The purpose

is to have proof that steps have been taken to minimize the likelihood

that a child would become injured or sick. The following types of

documentation should be kept by the farm owner.

Documentation Recommendations

q Have documentation of all permits, certificates and licenses. Have

both the original and copies that can be given out if requested. This

includes, but is not limited to, food service permits, driver’s licenses,

as well as CPR and first-aid training certificates.

q Maintain up-to-date veterinary and vaccination records of all animals

on the farm. Provide copies to parents and chaperones if any child

is bitten by an animal.

q Keep a record of the number of visitors that come to the farm and

documentation of any incidents or emergencies.

q Keep detailed information on the size of prearranged groups, the

type of event and if any incidents occurred.

q File records of all inspections and repairs.

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Page 36

Agritourism

Advisor List

Project Advisors

A.J. Ferguson

Vice President of Farm Safety

Utah Farm Bureau Federation*

Steve Foley, Ph.D.

Division of Microbiology

National Center for Toxicological

Research

U.S. Food and Drug

Administration*

Bernard Geschke

Program Specialist

Progressive Agriculture Safety

Day Program

Progressive Agriculture

Foundation*

Kent Gustafson, M.A.

Extension Professor

Tourism Center

University of Minnesota*

Carol Lehtola, Ph.D.

Associate Professor

Extension Agricultural Safety

and Health Specialist

Dept. of Ag and Biological

Engineering

University of Florida*

Dennis Murphy, Ph.D.

Professor

Extension Safety Specialist

Dept. of Agriculture and

Biological Engineering

Penn State University*

Harry Nienaber

Former General Manager

Central Wisconsin State Fair

Former President, Wisconsin

Association of Fairs*

Mark Purschwitz, Ph.D.

Research Engineer

Associate Extension Professor

University of Kentucky College

of Agriculture*

Karen Petersen

Owner/Operator

Bloomsbury Farm

Atkins, Iowa*

Project Director

Michael Humann, Ph.D.-C., M.S.

Agricultural Health and Safety

Specialist

University of Iowa

Tammy Ellis

Research Program Associate

National Farm Medicine Center

National Children’s Center

Principal Investigator

Barbara Lee, Ph.D.

Director

National Farm Medicine Center

National Children’s Center

Marshfield Clinic Research

Foundation Project Team

1. National Farm Medicine

Center

2. National Children’s Center for

Rural and Agricultural Health

and Safety

3. Marshfield Epidemiology

Research Center

James G. Donahue, DVM, Ph.D.,

MPH

Project Scientist

Scott Heiberger

1, 2

Communication Specialist

Regina Fisher

1, 2

Agricultural Youth Safety

Specialist

Matthew Keifer, M.D., M.P.H.

Senior Research Scientist

Steve Kirkhorn, M.D., M.P.H.

1, 2

Medical Director

Agritourism Health and

Safety for Children

Technical Reviewers

Glen Blahey, CRSP

Provincial Farm Safety Coordinator

Manitoba Labour

Shari Burgus, EdS

Education Director

Farm Safety 4 Just Kids

Earlham, Iowa

Charlotte Halverson

Health Training Coordinator

National Education Center for

Ag Safety

Peosta, Iowa

Amy S. Hunter

Farm Safety Specialist

Carle Center for Rural Health and

Farm Safety

Urbana, Illinois

Phillip Pitzer

Environmental Safety Specialist

Pennsylvania Department

of Agriculture

Tim Prather, MS

Extension Specialist

Department of Biosystems

Engineering & Soil Science

University of Tennessee Extension

Kristin Reynolds, MS

Program Representative

UC Small Farm Program

Martin & Lucille Wolf

Owner/Operators

Memory Lane Farm

Marshfield, Wisconsin

*2007 Advisors

Page 37

Health and Safety Guidelines for Children

Additional Resources

Abend E and Hallman E. Safer Farm Environments for Children. Cornell Cooperative Extension. Available

at http://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/1813/5181/2/SAFER%20FARM%20ENVIRONMENTS.pdf

Farm Safety 4 Just Kids

http://www.farmsafetyforjustkids.org/

Murphy, D and Hackett, K (1997). Children and Safety on the Farm. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania

State University. Available at http://pubs.cas.psu.edu/FreePubs/pdfs/ub030.pdf

National Safety Council

http://www.nsc.org

North American Farm Direct Marketing Association

http://www.farmersinspired.com/

UK Cooperative Extension Service Fact Sheet. Liability for Visitors to Farm Property. Available at

http://ces.ca.uky.edu/cesrc-files/west/Liability_for_Visitors_to_Farm_Property.pdf

Prim, RF and Foede KK. In the Eyes of the Law: Legal Issues Associated with Direct Farm Marketing.

University of Minnesota Extension Service Tourism Center. Available at http://hdl.handle.net/11299/49936

Progressive Agriculture Foundation

http://www.progressiveag.org/

Rumley, ER and Rumley, RW. States Recreational Use Statutes. National Agricultural Law Center. Available

at: http://nationalaglawcenter.org/state-compilations/recreational-use

UC Small Farm Center Agritourism Webpage

http://www.sfp.ucdavis.edu/agritourism/

United State Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Conservation Service

Alternative Enterprises and Agritourism

http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/technical/econ/references/?&cid=nrcs143_009750

University of Tennessee Extension. Agritourism in focus a guide for Tennessee farmers.

PB 1754. Available at http://utextension.tennessee.edu/publications/documents/PB1754.pdf

National Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and Safety. (2012)

Integrating Safety into Agritourism website (www.safeagritourism.com). Marshfield, WI:

Marshfield Clinic.

9105-000

The checklists in this booklet are from the Integrating Safety into Agritourism website:

www.safeagritourism.org. These checklists are designed to be used with the website

walkthroughs and resources to help you implement safety strategies on your agritourism

operation. The walkthroughs will help educate you on what to look for, the checklists will

help you identify hazards on your own farm, and the resources can be used to address

the safety issues found.

The checklists in this booklet cover a variety of topics, some of which all farms should

review, and others that should be reviewed if that activity is part of your operation. The

first checklist in this booklet is a “Topic Checklist”, which you can use to help you

determine the topics you need to review and track your progress on completing them. In

addition to the Topics Checklist, this booklet also contains the following checklists:

Checklists for all operations:

Emergency Prep

Traffic & Parking

Handwashing & Restrooms

Barriers & Fences

Walkways, Surfaces & Structures

Communicating with Guests

Insurance Information

Activity specific checklists

Corn Mazes

Food Safety

Hayride Safety

Machine Safety

Play Areas

Petting Zoo

Large Animals

Farmers’ Markets

Water & Attractive Nuisances

Inflatable Rides

Once you have used the checklists to identify safety issues on your farm, visit the website to

download free resources, such as signs, example policies, procedures and logs, to help you fix

these safety issues.

Checklist Booklet

This guide serves as a supplement to the "Integrating Safety into Agritourism" website

(www.safeagritourism.org), and is published by Marshfield Clinic, 2015.

Table of Contents

Checklists for all farms

Topics Checklist ....................................................................................................... 3

Emergency Prep ....................................................................................................... 4

Traffic & Parking ....................................................................................................... 6

Handwashing & Restrooms ...................................................................................... 7

Barriers & Fences ..................................................................................................... 8

Walkways, Surfaces & Structures ............................................................................. 9

Communicating with Guests .....................................................................................10

Insurance Information (Discussion Sheet) ............................................................... 11

Activity specific (do if you have this activity on your operation)

Corn Mazes ............................................................................................................ 13

Food Safety ............................................................................................................ 14

Hayride Safety ........................................................................................................ 15

Play Areas – General .............................................................................................. 16

Play Areas – Location & Design ............................................................................. 18

Play Areas – Swings & Slides ................................................................................. 19

Play Areas – Climbing/Overhead ............................................................................ 21

Play Areas – Other Equipment ............................................................................... 23

Petting Zoo .................................................................................................................. 25

Large Animals .............................................................................................................. 27

Farmers’ Markets .................................................................................................... 29

Water & Attractive Nuisances ................................................................................. 31

Inflatable Rides ...................................................................................................... 32

Machine Safety ....................................................................................................... 33

Walkthrough Checklist Resources

Emergency Prep and Plan

Traffic and Parking

Handwashing and Restrooms

Barriers and Fences

Walkways, Surfaces and Structures

Information

Pages

Checklist Resources

Communicating with Guests

Insurance Information (Discussion sheet replaces checklist)

Walkthrough Checklist Resources

Farmers' Market

Hayride

Corn Maze

Play Areas

Petting Zoos

Large Animal Safety

Inflatable Rides

Food Safety

Water and Attractive Nuisances

Machine Safety

Enter date when completed

Topics Checklist

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Notes:

Do these if you have this activity:

All farms do these:

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

There is an established procedure to warn visitors of hazards that may

be found in various areas of the operation (workers explain verbally

when guests arrive, signs are posted, etc.).

The operation has been evaluated for hazards for people with

disabilities, such as steps and stairs. Accommodations are made

(signage, parking stalls, smooth and wide walkways) for these guests.

The operation complies with the Americans with Disabilities Act.

There is emergency information posted by phones for easy access

during an emergency. Maps are available with routes to the nearest

clinic or hospital.

The operation has an Emergency Response Plan, that is reviewed by

owners and employees on a regular basis.

A first aid kit with adequate supplies to respond to an emergency is

easily accessible to all employees. The first aid kit is inspected

regularly, resupplied, and the inspection documented.

There are employees trained in basic first aid and CPR. All employees

know where the first aid kits are located and how to respond in the

event of an emergency.

Employees are trained to inform guests to immediately report any

illness or injuries. Employees are trained on the use of the Incident

Policy and Incident Report forms.

Employees have a method to contact other employees in other areas

of the operation in case of emergency.

Fire extinguishers are clearly marked and located in several areas

throughout the operation.

There is a fire evacuation plan and fire safety plan in place and all

employees are trained on these plans.

All exits are clearly marked and free of obstructions in areas where

guests will be present. Guest areas have working smoke detectors.

Employees verify that supervising adults are aware of which children

they are responsible for and will be able to ensure that all children are

accounted for in an emergency.

All areas are monitored to ensure they are kept free of dust and other

combustible materials that can cause fires. Fuels and flammable

chemicals are appropriately marked and stored?

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Emergency Preparation and Planning

Checklist

(Over)

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Grass or field burning are only done when visitors are not present.

Appropriate precautions, including fire safety equipment, are in place.

All non-smoking areas are clearly marked and employees are trained

to inform guests of smoking policies and areas, as well as policies on

open flames (e.g. candles, grills, campfires, etc.).

There is a sturdy shelter available, with a capacity greater than the

number of guests, for protection from weather hazards.

Employees are trained to know when to have guests take shelter and

which areas to avoid during bad weather. The operation has a

Weather Safety Plan, which all employees are familiar with.

There is an operational weather radio monitored during the times that

guests are present on the operation.

Guests are informed prior to arrival on appropriate clothing and other

environmentally appropriate items such as sunscreen and bug spray

(tour group handouts, website, etc.).

Employees are trained to check guests for appropriate clothing and

other items they may need.

There is a shelter available for guests to warm up or cool down in

case of weather exposures. Employees are trained to monitor guests

for heat/cold related illnesses.

Guests are offered drinking water and encouraged to drink frequently.

There is a safety log available for documenting all safety issues

discovered on the operation that need to be addressed. This log is

monitored and all documented items are addressed.

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

There is a sign located approximately 1/2 mile from the turn off to the

agritourism operation with the name and distance to the operation on

it.

The entrance to the agritourism operation is clearly marked/identified

and wide enough to accommodate school buses and other large

vehicles.

The entrance to the operation and parking areas are sufficiently lit to

provide good visibility, allowing visitors to identify the name of the

operation, traffic patterns and parking spots.

The road/driveway to the operation is smooth, even and free of holes

and dips.

The parking areas where visitors are supposed to park are clearly

marked, with adequate space for the number of expected vehicles.

The parking area is far enough away from children's attractions and

gathering areas to minimize danger to children.

All parking areas are free of brush, long grass, litter and other trip

hazards.

Parking areas for the handicapped are clearly marked.

If the parking area is far from attractions, there are drop off and pick

up locations available and clearly marked.

If large numbers of guests are expected, workers (wearing

bright/reflective clothing) are directing traffic.

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Traffic & Parking Safety Checklist

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Are there facilities in the guest area where visitors can wash their

hands with warm running water, soap and paper towels?

In areas where there is no running water available, is there some

method for visitors to "clean hands" such as hand sanitizer?

Are there hand washing facilities and/or sanitizer placed near the exit

of all animal areas for visitor use?

Is there a hand washing policy in place? Are all employees familiar

with this policy and hand washing procedures?

Do employees communicate the importance of hand washing and

correct hand washing procedures to all guests?

Are restroom facilities available that include a toilet/urinal and a sink

with soap and water? If portable restrooms are used, do they contain

hand sanitizer?

Are there handrails present in restrooms to accommodate

handicapped guests?

Are restroom facilities low enough to accommodate usage by

children? If applicable, do the restrooms contain a diaper changing

area?

Are the restroom facilities adequate to accommodate the expected

number of guests?

Are all hand washing facilities and restrooms, including portable ones,

inspected and cleaned on a regular basis? Are the inspections and

cleaning documented on a cleaning record or log?

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Handwashing & Restrooms Checklist

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Are there fences to separate visitors from large animals and/or other

farm hazards?

Are all fences inspected regularly and repaired as needed?

Are fences separating visitors from hazards designed so children

cannot crawl under, over or through the fence?

Are fences that visitors may come in contact with made up of material

that will not harm them (not barbed wire or electric)?

If animals are present with a tendency to bite, is double fencing used

to separate the animals from visitors and a warning sign posted?

Are gates and latches constructed to withstand weather and abuse

from visitors?

Are gates checked regularly to ensure they close and latch properly?

Are signs posted in appropriate places to indicate areas that are off

limits to guests?

If guests have easy access to areas that are off limits, are barriers

such as fencing in place?

Are gates locked if they lead to areas that are off limits to guests?

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Barriers and Fencing Checklist

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Are all depressions, holes or other ground areas where water may pool

filled in or drained?

If water is present that cannot be drained, has it been treated with a

larvicide, or other steps taken to decrease insect reproduction?

Are all paths and surfaces smooth, level and free of steep grades if

visitors will be using them?

Are paths and surfaces inspected regularly and kept free of debris,

brush, and vegetation?

Are trails, walkways and paths clearly marked so visitors know where

they lead?

Are all signs in good condition, legible and language appropriate?

Are walkways smooth and wide enough to accommodate wheelchairs

and scooters?

Has the use of stairs and steps been minimized in the operation?

If stairs have to be used, do they have a sturdy handrail in place?

Does the operation comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act

(ADA)?

Is the groundcover under and around play items (e.g. slides, swings)

sufficient to protect against injury?

Are all entrances to guest areas inspected for tripping hazards, clutter

and debris, with signs posted to indicate the type of attraction?

Are storage areas such as barns, sheds and grain bins locked when

visitors are present?

Are chemicals, fuels and pharmaceuticals kept in locked storage areas

that are cool and dry and have proper ventilation?

Are hand tools and power tools stored in a locked area?

Are signs present indicating which storage areas are off limits to

guests?

Are storage areas with guest access kept free of hazardous materials at

all times and supervised by adults when guests are present?

Are all building exits marked with exit signs (lighted if building is in use

after dark)?

Are all building exits kept clear of obstacles, clutter and debris?

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Walkways, Surfaces and Structures

Checklist

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Are all forms and information sheets that will be posted on the

website, used as a handout, or sent to guests, reviewed to ensure

the information is current and complete?

If a group is coming, have they been contacted to find out how

many people will be coming (including how many adults and

children), if they have any special needs, and/or if they are looking

for any special information or events?

If you are aware that a group is coming, have you sent them this

information?

• Information about “What to expect from the visit”

• List of rules

• Apparel/Clothing recommendations

• Appropriate child-to-adult ratios for adequate supervision

• List of items to bring

• List of items not to bring

• Medical/Informed Consent forms

• A request to be notified of visitors with special needs

• A copy of the farm’s Emergency Response Plan

Do you have information availble for guests (when contact prior to

the visit is not possible) in one or more of the following formats?

Internet: Include information about your operation that is printable

as a handout or form. This should include all information listed in

question 3.

Handouts: The same information is available in handouts at the

operation site and/or on signs that are posted around the operation,

for guests who do not have internet access or in the event the

operation does not have a website.

Are signs posted near specific hazards to remind visitors of the

hazard?

Do you do a site walk-through before guests arrive to ensure that all

signs are appropriately placed, in good condition and clearly

readable?

If possible, do employees take a few minutes when guests arrive to

communicate health and safety information, perform a visitor

orientation, and explain the location of restrooms and hand washing

stations?

Are all employees trained in health and safety information and

reminded on a regular basis that they need to model safe behavior?

As guests leave, are they asked about specific safety concerns they

may have or for other feedback?

Once guests leave, is a tour done to ensure signs remain in good

repair, there are no new hazards and all debris is picked up?

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Communicating with Guests Checklist

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Insurance Discussion Sheet

he following information and questions are designed to provide basic guidance for meeting with your

insurance agent. These items can be used to start the discussion, but there may be more items to

discuss that are specific to your operation.

Choosing an insurance company

• Choose a company whose representatives understand your operation and the risk associated

with it. This includes agents, claims adjusters, underwriters, auditors and loss control staff.

• Find out what kind of financial strength the insurance company has. This is an indication of their

ility to pay claims. Ask what their A.M. Best Rating is: “A++” is the best

• F

ind out what kind of experience they have with operations like yours. How many others do

they insure?

• Ask leading questions about your operation and hypothetical (or real) examples of losses.

Ensure they can answer your questions. This will help you determine if they can provide the

coverages you need.

et with your insurance agent regularly to discuss your operation.

• At minimum you should do this prior to opening for the season.

• If open all year, meet at least annually.

• Meet whenever you make a change to your operation, and consider consulting your agent

before implementing changes.

uestions for your insurance agent:

• Are there any property or liability exclusions or limitations that will affect my coverages?

• Will I be able to replace my damaged property with the coverages I have purchased?

• Are there any additional coverages I haven’t purchased that may help protect my assets if an

accident were to occur?

• When will you have someone such as an Underwriter or a Loss Control Inspector come and

review my operation? Is there anything I can do to prepare?

• Do I need current certificates of insurance from my vendors? Do they need to list us as

additional insureds on their policy? Do the vendors need to have limits equal to or higher than

my limits?

• Is there anything specific I will be asked to report to the insurance company, such as gross

receipts or number of visitors?

• Do I need to review workers compensation insurance with you?

Questions about documentation for your insurance agent

• Do I need to provide proof to you that my fire extinguishers have been serviced, or just keep

records on file at the farm

• D

o you need a copy of my emergency plan and/or documentation that my employees and family

have been trained on the plan?

• Do I need to document that the local emergency responders such as the fire department and

police visited my farm? Do you need a copy for your files?

• Do you need copies of the all local permits (like a health department permit), or do I just need to

keep them on file?

• Do you need copies of completed checklists, photographs or other documentation that

emonstrates that safety practices are in place and regularly reviewed for the following items?

o Hand washing stations and restrooms

o Signs (appropriate signs posted, legible, in good condition, etc.)

o Inspections performed (e.g. for slip, trip and fall hazards, equipment in good condition,

buildings well maintained, etc.)

o Log sheets for cleaning, disinfections, refrigerator temperatures, etc.

o Animals: regular wellness checks from a veterinarian and vaccination records

o Designated parking and walking areas to help control the flow of traffic

o Emergency contact numbers posted in a visible place

• Is there anything other documentation or policies that you need copies of or that we need to

keep on file?

ep in mind

• Keeping documentation of all safety strategies, including policies and inspections, demonstrates

that you have these elements in place. This is important in the event of an injury on your

operation. Sharing this documentation with your insurance company may help them understand

your operation better.

• Don’t be afraid to ask questions, ask for clarification, or even challenge your agent when

something doesn’t seem right. It is important that you and your insurance agent work together

to ensure you have the coverage you need. The best time to do this is before a claim occurs.

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Are signs posted at the entrance to the maze so visitors know

where to enter the maze?

Are signs posted around the outside of the maze pointing visitors

to the entrance and/or exit of the maze?

Are parking lots and roads at least 75 feet away from the maze?

Do paths in the corn maze have smooth, even walking surfaces?

Are all paths in the corn maze and the areas around the corn

maze inspected regularly and kept free of garbage and debris?

Is a sign posted at the entrance to the maze listing the "maze

rules"?

Are there signs and/or information sheets for visitors informing

them of "No Smoking" rules?

Are fire extinguishers available to employees monitoring the

maze?

Does the local fire department have a copy of your Fire Safety

Plan and know the size and exact location of the maze?

Do employees ensure all children under 12 are accompanied by

an adult if the maze isn't designed specifically for young children?

Do employees know not to operate motorized vehicles and other

machinery when guests are present?

Do guests have a method to communicate with those monitoring

the maze (e.g. flags or cell phones)?

Is a public address system, such as a bull horn or a loud speaker,

available to those monitoring the maze?

Is there an elevated platform or area where at least two

employees are stationed to monitor the maze?

Do employees ensure visitors know how to exit the maze by

following the nearest row of corn to the perimeter?

Corn Maze Safety Checklist

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Do employees follow food handling guidelines when serving guests?

These include:

• wear plastic gloves

• have long hair tied back

• a hat or hairnet covers hair

• a shirt covers armpits

Are hand washing facilities available in the kitchen area for staff,

including soap, paper towels and running water?

Is there a hand washing policy in place, and are employees trained

in proper hand washing procedures?

Are hand washing signs posted to remind employees and guests to

wash their hands?

Are hand washing facilities available for guests, including soap,

paper towels and running water?

Are there thermometers in all refrigerators and freezers, and are the

temperatures monitored and recorded daily?

Are all refrigerators and freezers checked/cleaned daily, and is a log

is kept documenting these activities?

Are there refrigerator/freezer temperature monitoring and cleaning

policies in place, and are employees are trained on these policies?

Are thermometers available to check the temperature of food before

serving?

Are only pasteurized products available for guest consumption?

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Food Safety Checklist

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Are all hayride routes regularly reviewed to ensure that none cross

public roads or highways?

Do the hayride routes avoid steep grades or other hazards?

Does the wagon used for hayrides have sturdy steps and railings?

Is the wagon inspected before each hayride to check for loose

boards, sharp edges, and exposed screws or nails?

Is the wagon (and tractor if pulled by a tractor) inspected for safe

and efficient operation before each use?

Are harnesses, hitches and safety chains inspected prior to each

use?

If a tractor is used for a hayride, does the tractor weigh more than

the gross weight of the wagon?

Is only one wagon pulled at a time?

Are guests loaded onto the wagon only after the wagon is hitched

to the horses or tractor?

Does the driver prohibit children from riding up front with him?

Is the driver a responsible adult, experienced in pulling wagons?

Does the driver proceed slowly and carefully, prepared to stop at

the request of the visitors at any time?

Do employees ensure that children are accompanied by adults?

Are the safety rules communicated to the guests once they are

seated and ready for the ride?

Do employees ensure visitors know to remain seated while the

wagon is in motion?

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Hayride Safety Checklist

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

No. Worksite Inspection Items Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Sign with playground rules is posted at the entrance to play area, is

easy to read, and inspected regularly to ensure good condition.

Signs are posted at play activities that indicate age/size of children

using the equipment and rules applicable to the activity. Signs are easy

to read/understand and inspected regularly to ensure good condition.

A sign with emergency contact information is posted in a visible area

and inspected regularly to ensure good condition/readability.

Inspections are done at least daily to clean up debris, garbage and any

hazardous items that are left behind by guests and staff.

Garbage cans are provided for disposal of trash and other debris and

are emptied promptly when full.

Handwashing and restroom facilities are located in/near play area, able

to accommodate expected number of guests and kept clean.

The play area is free of unstable items (e.g. tires or gates leaning

against a building), and inspected regularly for unstable items.

The play area is kept free of toxic plants (e.g. poison ivy, poison oak)

and is inspected regularly for new plant growth.

The play area is kept free of items that are sharp, rusty or hazardous to

children (e.g. old saw blades used for decoration, tools or chemicals

from construction work, etc.).

Play equipment is inspected frequently for loose bolts, screws or nails,

cracks, holes. splinters, peeling paint and broken or missing parts. All

hazards are immediately addressed.

Sand and water is regularly replaced to avoid contamination by animal

waste, pathogens or insects.

Play area is checked regularly for pests, nests, beehives, etc.

There is an appropriate amount and type of cushioning ground surface

materials placed under play equipment, which is regularly inspected and

replaced/added to/repaired as needed. (Note: Grass is NOT an

appropriate surface material for under play equipment)

If play area contains swimming, tubing, rafting or activities that present a

drowning hazard, rescue equipment is available, regularly

inspected/maintained, and staff are trained to use it.

All play equipment and activities are spaced far enough apart to prevent

injury (appropriate use zones), and no activities, including spontaneous

ones, compromise these use zones.

Guard rails or protective barriers are present to prevent children from

jumping off equipment, are inspected regularly and kept in good repair.

All play equipment is securely anchored and anchors are inspected

regularly to prevent equipment overturn.

First aid supplies are easily accessible from the play area and their

location is clearly marked. The supplies are regularly inspected and

replaced/refilled as needed.

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Play Area Checklist

National Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and Safety www.marshfieldclinic.org/nccrahs

Funding provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH award no. 5U54OHOO9568

No. Worksite Inspection Items Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Employees are trained to communicate supervision expectations to

guests and taught how to address inappropriate or inadequate

supervision (e.g. adult texting - not watching children).

Employees inform guests of supervision expectations, both at the time

of group registration and upon arrival. If guests arrive individually, a sign

may be used to communicate expectations.

Employees communicate rules for play area to children and supervising

adults. A sign is posted at play area entrance to remind visitors of rules

and accommodate those arriving individually.

Employees ensure that children are never in play areas without adult

supervision.

Play areas are continuously monitored to ensure children play on

equipment appropriately and adults enforce the rules.

Employees/supervising adults stop dangerous horseplay, bullying, fights

and other behavior that negatively impacts play and safety.

Once inappropriate behavior is stopped, employees deal with the

offenders according to company policy.

No. Policies and Procedures Inspection Items Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

A policy is in place for play area maintenance and inspections, detailing

regular maintenance, how often inspections are done, what is to be

inspected (signs, equipment, etc.), and who is responsible for the

inspections.

Inspection and maintenance logs are used to document maintenance

and inspections, the results of all inspections, and when/how any

hazards that are found are addressed.

Policy(s) are in place that address the cleanliness of the play area,

including garbage pickup and disposal, restroom and handwashing

stations and play equipment cleanliness.

A policy is in place for inspecting and refilling/replacing first aid supplies,

and inspections/results are documented.

A policy is in place that details how employees supervise visitors in the

play area and ensures play areas are continuously monitored.

A policy/procedure is in place for communicating supervision

expectations to visitors (number of chaperones, behavior, etc.).

A policy is in place detailing how to deal with guests who are unwilling to

follow the rules and/or that behave inappropriately.

A procedure for training employees on the policies and procedures is in

place and includes documenting that the training was done.

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

Checklist items based on CPSC Public Playground Safety Handbook (http://www.cpsc.gov//PageFiles/122149/325.pdf)

Play Area Checklist continued

No. Worksite Inspection Items Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

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Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

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National Children's Center for Rural & Agricultural Health & Safety: www.marshfieldclinic.org/nccrahs

Funding provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH award no. 5U540H009568-04)

Play Area Location/Design Review

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Swing structures are located away from other equipment.

Swings are not attached to a composite structure.

A-frame support structures don’t have horizontal bars.

Swing seats are made of soft materials (no wood, metal or hard plastic.

Maximum of two swings per bay (single axis), one swing per bay (multi-

axis) and bucket seats are hung in separate bays.

All S-hooks are pinched closed; no gap or space greater than 0.04

inches (about the thickness of a dime) remains.

Swing chains are in good condition, free of rust and wear, and all nuts

and bolts are tight.

Appropriate type/amount of ground cover is present in use zones.

The use zones for swings don’t overlap with other equipment.

The use zone for a single axis (typical belt) swing extends six feet on the

sides. In the front and rear of the swings, the use zone is equal to twice

the distance from the pivot point to the ground.

There is at least 12 inches between the bottom of the seat and the

protective surface (ground cover) for a single axis swing.

The use zone for a bucket swing extends six feet on the sides. In the

front and rear of the swings, the use zone is equal to twice the distance

from the pivot point to the seating surface.

Bucket seat pivot points are 47-96 inches above the protective surfacing.

The use zone for a multi-axis swing (e.g. tire swing) extends six feet plus

the length of the suspending members (e.g. suspension chains) in all

directions.

Multi-axis swings are suspended in a horizontal orientation using three

suspension chains or cables connected to a single swivel mechanism

that permits both rotation and swinging.

Drainage holes must be present on the underside of the tire for drainage.

The minimum clearance between the seat of a tire swing and the

uprights of the supporting structure is 30 inches.

The minimum clearance between the bottom of the tire seat and the

protective surface (ground cover) is 12 inches.

Slides are composed of materials that are appropriate for the climate

(e.g. metal slides not used in hot, sunny climates).

Slides

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Play Areas Checklist

Swings & Slides

Swings

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Handholds present to facilitate the transition from standing to sitting are

at the top of the slide.

Slide platforms:

• Large enough to allow child to change direction to get off slide.

• Sufficient length to facilitate transition from standing to sitting.

• Are horizontal and at least as wide as the chute.

• Surrounded by guardrails or barriers to prevent falls.

No spaces or gaps are present between the platform and the start of

slide.

The sides of the slide chute are at least four inches high extending along

both sides for the entire length.

Toddler slides:

• Average incline of slide chute is < 24 degrees, no section >30 degrees.

• Slide chutes are 8-12 inches wide.

• Chute exit region is 7-10 inches long if any portion of the chute

exceeds 24 degrees, and no more than 6 inches above the surface.

• Use zone is at least 6 feet around the slide. For composite structures,

the minimum use zone between access structures and the side of slide is

3 feet.

Preschool/School age children

• Average incline of slides is <30 degrees, with no section of the slide

with a slope > 50 degrees.

• Chute exit region is at least 11 inches long, < 11 inches above

protective surfacing if slide is 4 feet high or less, and 7-15 inches above

the surface if slide is over 4 feet high.

• Use zone around a slide is 6 feet, except for exit area. Use zone for the

slide exit area (slides < 6 feet high) is 6 feet. For slides > 6 feet high, the

use zone in front of the exit is equal to the height of the slide, up to a

maximum of 8 feet.

Tube slides: minimum internal diameter is 23 inches, and they must meet

all the applicable recommendations for other slides.

Appropriate type/amount of ground cover present in use zones.

No.

Policy/Procedure Inspection Item

(policies/procedures are in place for each of the following items)

Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Swings and slides are regularly inspected. Inspections include:

• All S-hooks remain closed, all nuts and bolts are tight.

• Swivel mechanism for multi-axis swings are in good condition.

• All swing chains are in good condition.

• Tire swings do not have any exposed wires or steel belts.

• Hanging mechanisms do not have exposed crush points.

• All equipment remains in good condition, with no cracks, protrusions or

other hazards present.

All issues identified during maintenance inspections are addressed and

both the inspections and actions taken are documented.

Supervision policy ensures adequate adult supervision is provided, and

supervisors ensure all play equipment is used as intended.

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Checklist items based on CPSC Public Playground Safety Handbook (http://www.cpsc.gov//PageFiles/122149/325.pdf)

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Climbing equipment does not have climbing bars or other rigid parts in

the interior.

All rungs on climbing equipment are round and secured to prevent

them from turning.

Maximum rung diameter for toddlers is 1.20 inches (preferred 0.90);

for preschool/school age max diameter is 1.55 inches (preferred 1.25).

Use zone extends a minimum of 6 feet from the perimeter of a stand-

alone climber.

Use zone of a climber may overlap other equipment if other equipment

allows for overlapping use zones and there is at least 6 feet between

the two pieces of equipment (9 feet when adjacent play surfaces are

more than 30 inches high).

Appropriate type/amount of ground cover present in use zones.

Arch climbers used for access to equipment for preschoolers has

slope 75 -90 degrees with rungs spaced <12 inches.

The rung spacing on arch climbers for school age children should be

<16 inches.

The vertical rise is 12 inches or less for all arch climbers.

Flexible climber is not sole means of access to equipment intended for

toddlers and preschool children.

Flexible climbers that provide access to platforms are securely

anchored at both ends.

All anchors connecting flexible climbers to the ground are installed

beneath ground level and protective surfacing.

Connections between ropes, cables, chains or tires are securely fixed

and regularly inspected/maintained.

Spacing between horizontal and vertical components of a climbing grid

do not form entrapment hazards.

First handhold on either end is not placed directly above the platform

or climbing rung used to mount/dismount.

Horizontal distance to first handhold is < 10 inches but not directly

above platform or 8-10 inches from climbing rungs.

4-5 year olds

• Space between adjacent rungs for 4-5 year olds is 9-12 inches,

evenly spaced and parallel.

• M

aximum platform height for 4-5 year olds is 18 inches

• Maximum height of ladder structure is 60 inches

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Play Areas Checklist

Climbing-Overhead

All Climbing-Overhead Equipment

Flexible Climbers

Horizontal Ladders

Arch Climbers

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

School age

• Space between adjacent rungs for school age is 9-15 inches.

• Maximum platform height for school age is 36 inches.

• Maximum structure height is 84 inches.

If rings are suspended, the maximum length of chains is 7 inches.

If overhead rings are stationary, then spacing recommendations for

horizontal ladders apply.

If overhead rings are suspended and will swing, spacing

recommendations for horizontal ladders do not apply.

The remainder of guidelines for horizontal ladders apply to overhead

rings.

Poles do not change directions along the sliding portion.

Horizontal distance from pole to access structure is 18-20 inches.

The pole extends at least 60 inches above access platform/structure.

The diameter of sliding poles is no greater than 1.9 inches.

Upper access to pole is from one level only.

Poles are continuous with no protruding welds or seams along sliding

surface.

There are no obstacles along the path of the ride, including the take-

off and landing areas.

Two track rides next to each other must be at least 4 feet apart.

Ride handles are 64-78 inches above the surface.

Rolling parts are enclosed to prevent crush hazards.

Nothing is ever tied to any moving part of a track ride.

If zip lines are present, they must be professionally installed, inspected

and regularly maintained (check local/state regulations).

No.

Policy/Procedure Inspection Item

(policies/procedures are in place for each of the following items)

Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

All equipment is regularly inspected. Inspections include:

• All nuts and bolts are tight.

• Wood surfaces are free of cracks and splinters.

• No peeling paint, rust or other signs of deterioration are present.

• No protrusions or other hazards present on equipment.

• Signs are in good condition indicating the ages/rules for equipment.

All issues identified during maintenance inspections are addressed and

both the inspections and actions taken are documented.

Supervision policy ensures adequate adult supervision is provided, and

supervisors ensure all play equipment is used as intended.

Sliding Poles

Track Rides

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Checklist items based on CPSC Public Playground Safety Handbook (http://www.cpsc.gov//PageFiles/122149/325.pdf)

Overhead Rings

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Signs are posted indicating the age of child the balance beam is

intended for:

• B

alance beams are not recommended for toddlers

• P

reschool children: < 12 inches above the protective surface

• School age children: < 16 inches above the protective surface

Design of balance beam allows easy access to the beam and does not

present a tripping hazard when mounting or dismounting.

Beams are in good condition: no splinters, cracks or uneven surfaces.

Sandbox is located away from other play equipment and does not

overlap the use zone of other play equipment.

Sandbox is constructed to permit drainage.

Sandbox is covered with a lid or other type of covering when not in use.

Sand is replaced as necessary to prevent the transmission of disease

and keep it free of foreign materials.

Merry-go-rounds are not used on playgrounds intended for toddlers.

The merry-go-round is in good condition, with no splinters or rust.

The rotating platform is continuous, approximately circular, and has no

sharp edges or corners.

There are no openings between the axis and the periphery of the merry-

go-round platform with a diameter of 5/16 inch or larger.

The surface of the platform has maximum height of 14 inches for

preschoolers and 18 inches for school age children.

The underside of the bottom of the platform is no less than 9 inches

above the protective surfacing.

Merry-go-round platforms do not have any up and down (oscillatory)

motion.

No components of the merry-go-round extend beyond the perimeter of

the platform, and no shearing or crush mechanisms are accessible.

There is a secure means for children to hold on.

Mechanism in place limits peripheral speed of rotation to 13 ft./sec.

Sign is present indicating spring rockers are designed for toddlers and

preschool children, and not for use by school age children.

For toddlers, the seat is 12-16 inches high, and spring rockers with

opposing seats have at least 37 inches between seats.

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Play Areas Checklist

Other Equipment

Balance Beam

Sandbox

Merry-go-round

Spring Rockers

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

For preschoolers, the seat is 14-28 inches high.

Use zones extend a minimum of 6 feet in all directions.

Seat design does not allow the rocker to be used by more than the

intended number of users.

Each seating position is equipped with handgrips and footrests.

The springs minimize the possibility of children crushing their hands or

feet between coils or between the spring and the rocker.

Use zone extends a minimum of 6 feet in all directions from the

edge/end of the seesaw.

Seesaws are in good condition; have protective ground cover in place.

For fulcrum type seesaws, signs are posted indicating they are for

school age children, and not for use by toddlers/preschoolers. Spring

centered seesaws can be used by younger children, and appropriate

signage is in place if present.

In a fulcrum seesaw, the fulcrum does not present a crush hazard.

Fulcrum seesaws: partial car tires or shock absorbing materials are

embedded in the ground under the seat or secured to the underside of

the seat to minimize impact with the ground.

Fulcrum seesaws do not have footrests.

Spring centered seesaws follow the requirements for spring rockers,

including footrests.

Handholds are provided on all seesaws at each sitting position, and

they do not turn or protrude beyond the sides of the seat.

Steering wheels on play panels are completely enclosed and the center

of the wheel does not create a protrusion.

Play panel components are free of pinch, crush and shear points.

All fasteners, connectors and covering devices on play panels do not

loosen and are not removable without tools.

Play panels are free of head and neck entrapments (no openings

between 3.5 and 9 inches).

No.

Policy/Procedure Inspection Item

(policies/procedures are in place for each of the following items)

Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

All equipment is regularly inspected. Inspections include:

• All nuts and bolts are tight.

• Wood surfaces are free of cracks and splinters.

• No peeling paint, rust or other signs of deterioration are present.

• Signs posted, in good condition with age/rules for activities.

All issues identified during maintenance inspections are addressed and

both the inspections and actions taken are documented.

Supervision policy ensures adequate adult supervision is provided, and

supervisors ensure all play equipment is used as intended.

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Checklist items based on: CPSC Public Playground Safety Handbook (http://www.cpsc.gov//PageFiles/122149/325.pdf), Creating Safe Play

Areas on Farms (www.marshfieldclinic.org/safeplay); National Program for Playground Safety (www.playgroundsafety.org)

Seesaws

Play Panels and Steering Wheels

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

All pets, such as dogs and cats, are tied up or kenneled when

guests are present.

There is a transition area between the non-animal area and the

animal area with appropriate signs and trash receptacles.

Signs are posted in the transition area to inform visitors of the

following:

• A

nimals are present

• I

tems, such as food, drink, bottles and pacifiers are not allow

• N

o smoking or tobacco products allowed

• Nothing should be placed in the mouth

• Li

st of rules for feeding the animals

Employees tell visitors there is no eating, drinking, smoking or

tobacco use in animal areas. Employees also explain which items

are not to be taken into animal areas.

There are storage or holding areas for strollers and other items that

are not permitted in the animal area.

Animals are kept out of non-animal areas (with the exception of

service animals).

Animal areas are kept clean and free of trash and debris. Animal

feces and soiled bedding is immediately removed.

Children are supervised at all times while in animal areas.

The traffic flow through the animal area is one way.

Double fencing (or some other method) is in place to prevent contact

with animals, except those designated for petting.

The animals available for petting are appropriately sized for young

children.

Petting of animals is only allowed over/through barriers (fences);

visitors are not allowed in pens.

For children under 5, no pre-weaned calves, reptiles, amphibians or

live poultry are used for petting. Other ruminants such as sheep and

goats are also of concern for this age group.

Animals that have a tendency to bite are in a separate area from

those available for petting, with signs posted to warn visitors that

these animals have a tendency to bite, and a double barrier or other

method used to prevent visitor access.

Dangerous animals (non-human primates, carnivores, bats,

venomous reptiles) are not used in petting zoos.

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Petting Zoo Checklist

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Visitor traffic is monitored and controlled to prevent overcrowding.

Employees inform visitors to immediately report animal bites,

scratches or scrapes and are trained to administer first aid.

Animals in petting zoos are kept clean, healthy and up to date on all

vaccinations. They are monitored daily for signs of illness and

receive appropriate veterinary care.

Sick or injured animals are immediately removed. Animals known or

suspected to be infected with a disease or from herds with a recent

history of abortion, diarrhea or respiratory disease are not used.

All surfaces are cleaned and disinfected daily or whenever visibly

soiled.

There are signs posted at the exit area advising all visitors to wash

or sanitize their hands when leaving the animal area.

There are hand-washing facilities present in the exit area or nearby

that include soap, running water and paper towels, and they are

accessible to children and handicapped visitors. Hand sanitizer may

be used as a supplement to hand washing, but not replace it.

Employees remind visitors to wash hands when exiting the animal

area and explain/demonstrate proper hand-washing technique.

All hand-washing stations and restrooms are checked regularly,

cleaned and restocked with supplies as needed. A written cleaning

log is kept, documenting all cleaning efforts.

No.

Policy/Procedure Inspection Item

(policies/procedures are in place for each of the following items)

Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Employees are trained on the risk of disease and injury associated

with animals and how diseases can be transmitted from animals to

humans. Employees are trained to share this information with

visitors and educate visitors about the animals.

Workers are informed of emerging animal diseases and new

outbreaks of old diseases.

Schedules are set for inspecting signs, walkways, and all visitor

areas for condition and cleanliness. All issues identified are

addressed. All inspections and cleaning efforts are documented.

All animals are kept clean and up to date on vaccinations. Records

are kept documenting animal care, including veterinary visits and

vaccination records.

All workers are trained on policies and procedures relating to guest

injuries, including local/state requirements for reporting animal

injuries, the use of incident reports and emergency procedures.

Employees remind visitors to wash hands when exiting animal area

and are trained to demonstrate proper hand-washing procedure.

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

All pets, such as dogs and cats, are tied up or kenneled when

guests are present.

All fences, gates, and barn doors are appropriate for the livestock

and activities, and are in good condition.

Animals are kept out of non-animal areas (with the exception of

service animals).

There is a transition area between the non-animal area and the

animal area with appropriate signs and trash receptacles.

There are signs posted in the transition area to inform guests of the

following:

• Animals are present

• Items, such as food, drink, bottles and pacifiers are not allowed

• N

o sm

oking or tobacco products allowed

• Nothing should be placed in the mouth

• List of rules for feeding the animals

Employees tell visitors there is no eating, drinking, smoking or

tobacco use in animal areas. Employees also explain which items

are not to be taken into animal areas.

There are storage or holding areas for strollers and other items that

are not permitted in the animal area.

Animal areas are clean and free of trash and debris.

Children are supervised at all times in animal areas.

The animals are clean, healthy and up to date on all vaccinations.

Animals that have poor temperament are kept in a separate area

from those available for guest activities. Signs are posted to warn

visitors about these animals, and entrances/access to the pens of

these animals are locked/blocked

Employees are aware of the different temperaments of the animals,

and of any issues that may affect the temperament of animals used

around guests.

Large animals meant only for viewing are separated from visitors

with a fence, or in the case of animals that tend to bite, with a double

fence. Employees know to never bring these animals out of the

fenced or stall area.

Employees inform guests about appropriate personal protective

equipment (PPE), including ASTM/SEI certified equestrian helmets

that are worn when horseback riding, and any pertinent regulations

regarding it's use (e.g. children under 14 required to wear helmets in

some states). Employees educate visitors on the potential

consequences of not using PPE, including helmets.

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Large Animal Safety Checklist

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Information about appropriate riding apparel, liability waivers and

other pertinent information is communicated to guests prior to

arrival.

There are signs posted at the exit area advising all visitors to wash

or sanitize their hands when leaving the animal area.

There are hand washing facilities present in the exit area or nearby

that include soap, running water and paper towels, and they are

accessible to children and handicapped visitors. Hand sanitizer may

be used as a supplement to hand washing, but not replace it.

The riding ability of each visitor is assessed prior to mounting a

horse. Visitors are only allowed to mount or dismount horses when

employees are present.

Restroom facilities are located in non-animal areas and are

adequate to accommodate the number of guests present.

There is a written cleaning log for hand washing facilities and

restrooms present and all cleaning is documented.

No.

Policy/Procedure Inspection Item

(policies/procedures are in place for each of the following items)

Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Employees are trained on the risk of disease and injury associated

with animals and how diseases can be transmitted from animals to

humans. Employees are trained to share this information with

visitors and educate visitors about the animals.

Workers are informed of emerging animal diseases and new

outbreaks of old diseases.

Schedules are set up for inspecting signs, walkways, petting areas

and all visitor areas for condition and cleanliness. All issues

identified are addressed. All inspections and cleaning efforts are

documented.

All animals are kept clean and up to date on vaccinations. Records

are kept documenting animal care, including veterinary visits and

vaccination records.

All workers are trained on policies and procedures for dealing with

guest injuries, including local and state requirements for reporting

animal injuries, the use of incident reports and emergency

procedures.

Employees remind visitors to wash hands when exiting the animal

area, and are trained to demonstrate proper hand-washing

procedure.

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Raw manure:

• Is not used to top dress fruit and vegetable crops.

• Is incorporated into the soil if used before planting.

• Interval before harvesting is 90 days if edible portion of crop is not

in contact with soil .

• Interval before harvesting is 120 days if edible portion of crop

contacts soil.

Pets and other domestic animals are kept out of crop areas.

Strategies are in place to discourage trespassing by wild animals

(e.g. fencing, netting, motion detectors connected to sprinklers or

lights)

Manure is composted to the appropriate temperature and the correct

length of time.

Handwashing and bathroom facilities are easily accessible to farm

workers near the fields, in the processing area and in the market

area.

Handwashing signs are posted to remind employees to wash hands.

Crates used to transport produce from the field are cleaned and

sanitized before being used to transport produce to market, or new

containers are used.

Surfaces and equipment in processing area are cleaned and

sanitized before produce is brought in and on a regular schedule (at

least at the beginning and end of each day).

Clean and dirty containers are stored separately and dirty containers

are never placed on clean/sanitized surfaces.

Clean water suitable for drinking is used to rinse produce.

Vehicles used to carry animals, manure or chemicals are not used to

transport produce (or are thoroughly cleaned, rinsed and sanitized).

Produce is packed in covered containers, packed carefully and kept

cool during transport.

If used for cooling:

• Ice is made of water suitable for drinking.

• Freezer gel packs are cleaned and sanitized after each use.

Farm stands/markets are located away from the road to provide

protection from distracted drivers and traffic.

The front of the food stand or market entrance is clearly marked with

signage.

Parts of the food stand that may present trip hazards (ropes, wires,

stakes, etc.) are marked with bright colors, ties, or otherwise made

obvious.

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Farm Market / Pick Your Own

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Paths and walkways for guests are well maintained and set up to

avoid congestion and keep visitors away from traffic and farm

hazards.

Signs are posted in guest areas indicating rules, instructions and

areas that are off limits to guests.

Guests are informed not to consume unwashed produce.

Food samples are kept at the appropriate temperature and tongs or

toothpicks are provided.

Employees are trained to ensure children are supervised when

present.

Pets and other animals are kept out of farm markets, and signs are

posted indicating that animals are not allowed.

Adequate numbers of parking spaces must be available for visitors,

and the parking area is located at least 75 feet away from the farm

stands.

No.

Policy/Procedure Inspection Item

(policies/procedures are in place for each of the following items)

Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

A handwashing policy is in place, and employees are trained on

proper handwashing techniques.

A policy is in place for safe food handling and includes the following

items:

• Eating, drinking or tobacco use are prohibited when handling

produce.

• Employees who are ill or show symptoms of illness do not work

with produce/food until they are free of symptoms for 24 hours.

A procedure is in place for washing and transporting produce safely,

and all employees are trained on this procedure.

A food safety plan is in place, and all employees are trained on the

plan and how to sample food safely.

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Is there a sign posted to warn visitors about open water or other

potential drowning hazards?

Are visitors informed of ponds, lakes or other water that is off limits

(not for their use)?

Are water hazards fenced off with a fence that is at least 4 feet high

and in good repair? Does the fence contain a self-latching gate that

is kept locked when visitors are present?

Is water rescue equipment available by water areas?

Are employees familiar with water safety, basic water rescue

techniques, first-aid and CPR?

Do employees inform visitors that all children need to be supervised

in water areas and ensure that there are adequate numbers of

adults to supervise?

Do all bridges have even walking surfaces and side rails to prevent

visitors from falling into the water?

Have you inspected your operation for attractive nuisances: things

that are hazardous to children, but which they find attractive (e.g.

hay piles, culverts with flowing water)?

Have you eliminated access to all attractive nuisances (with fences,

locked doors, etc.)? If this is not possible, are children closely

supervised while in these areas?

Are there signs to indicate which areas are off limits to guests?

Do the employees explain which amenities are available to guests

and the proper usage of these amenities?

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Water & Attractive Nuisances

Checklist

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

No. Worksite Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

The appropriate number of adults operate/supervise the inflatable ride.

Ride operators are trained on how to supervise the ride and are

knowledgeable of all safety issues.

Operators know the rules, explain rules to guests and enforce the rules.

Signs are posted to inform guests of the rules.

Ride operators ensure all people jumping on an inflatable ride are of

similar age/size.

Rides are inspected prior to each use and between groups to ensure

that no toys or other objects are left in/on the ride.

Operators keep observers back a safe distance from the ride.

Inflatable slides comply with the same standards as regular slides for

protective ground cover, use zones and other safety guidelines.

Rides are anchored according to manufacturer's requirements.

Anchoring ropes/tethers are attached to permanent structures, in a

manner that prevents slipping off the top of a stake during use.

Non-load bearing positioning loops are not used for anchoring.

Appropriate ground cover is in place around inflatable rides.

Operators know to have guests exit the ride and shut it down if it gets

windy or the weather turns bad.

Operators do not allow riders on inflatable rides if the ride is wet.

Inspections of all rides are done regularly, per manufacturer's

instructions, utilizing a checklist and documenting inspections.

Electrical supplies and blowers are checked prior to each use.

Inflatable rides are fully inflated when in use by visitors.

If a ride starts to deflate, the operator immediately evacuates the ride.

If a ride is shut down, signs are posted, and the ride is monitored to

ensure guests don't try to use it.

No.

Policy/Procedure Inspection Item

(policies/procedures are in place for each of the following items)

Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

A training policy is in place to train operators/supervisors for inflatable

rides, including supervision procedures.

An emergency response plan is in place, and all operators/supervisors

are trained on how to respond in the event of an emergency.

A copy of the inflatable ride's owners manual is available.

A policy is in place for closing the ride if it gets wet, during windy

conditions and/or bad weather.

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Inflatable Rides Checklist

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

No. Inspection Item Present

Needs

Correction

Date

Corrected

Are employees aware that they should not operate farm machinery

when guests are present, unless the machinery is being

demonstrated or is part of an activity?

Are all front end loaders, three point hitch attachments and

implements lowered to the ground when not in use?

In visitor areas, is machinery parked on level surfaces and secured

with parking brakes and wheel blocks when not in use?

Is equipment lacking proper safety features (such as ROPS) not

used for demonstration purposes?

Is unsafe equipment stored out of visitor sight in locked storage

areas?

Are visitors informed that they are not allowed to climb or play on

machinery, and do employees enforce this rule?

Have all keys been removed from machinery when not in use?

Are barriers installed around operating and non-operating

equipment to keep visitors away? Are signs posted indicating that

visitors must remain behind the barriers?

Is equipment being demonstrated kept at least 20 feet away from

visitors?

Do employees supervise all visitors present when machinery is in

operation?

Are rules in place and enforced prohibiting children and visitors

from operating machinery?

Is equipment operated by a licensed adult employee?

Are rules in place and enforced prohibiting extra passengers on

tractors and equipment?

Is equipment that ejects or throws objects operated only when

visitors are not present?

Is the towing capacity of all vehicles checked, and the vehicle used

according to capacity?

Are vehicles driven slowly and tow only one piece of equipment

when used in an agritourism site?

Is the tractor hitched to the wagon prior to guest loading when used

for hayrides?

Resources that can be used to address these checklist items are available at www.safeagritourism.org/Resources.

These resources include signs, policies, forms, logs, and other items.

Machine Safety Checklist

Review Date: ______________

Reviewed By: ______________

Recommended Citation:

National Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and Safety

(2015).

Checklist Guide: Supplement to Agritourism Health and Safety Guidelines for Children.

Marshfield, WI: Marshfield Clinic.

Available at http://www.safeagritourism.org.

For additional copies and information:

Website: www.safeagritourism.org

Email: nccrahs@mcrf.mfldclin.edu

Phone: 1-800-662-6900

Funding:

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health U54 OH009568

Source: www.safeagritourism.com/Resources. Adapted from resources provided by the North Carolina Agromedicine Institute, with funding

provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Award 5U540H009568-04 through a grant from the National

Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and Safety (NCCRAHS)

Incident Policy

The Incident Report must be completed anytime an incident occurs. Incidents may involve an injury to an employee or

visitor, damage to equipment or facilities, or a serious expression of dissatisfaction from a visitor or employee. When an

incident occurs, all needs of visitors and employees should be attended to and an Incident Report form completed. If

available/appropriate, send a copy of the Incident Report with the victim to the hospital. Give a copy to the

Parent/Teacher.

Universal precautions should be practiced with all injuries. Wear non-porous gloves, wash hands before and after care,

use CPR shield and safety glasses when indicated. Body fluid spills must be cleaned and disinfected immediately. Any

tools and equipment used must be cleaned and disinfected immediately. Contaminated materials must be disposed of

in a plastic bag with a secure tie.

911 Medical

The immediate concern is to aid the sick or injured person. Proceed to the following plan:

Call 911. EMS will assume lead upon arrival.

Do not move the victim, unless they are in a life threatening or dangerous environment. No one should place

themselves at risk in the rescue of an injured person.

If possible, notify a trained first aid person to assist the victim.

First aid should be administered only to the extent of training or on the advice of 911.

o Impaired breathing—Place victim on his back, remove airway obstructions and apply mouth-to-mouth

resuscitation. Once victim is breathing, treat for shock.

o Heart or circulatory—If possible, get help to work as a team. Apply cardiopulmonary resuscitation

(CPR). If successful, treat for shock.

o Severe bleeding—Apply direct pressure on the wound with your hands using a clean cloth if available. If

there are no fractures, elevate wound. If bleeding is of a spurting or pumping nature, apply pressure to

the appropriate arterial pressure point.

o Shock—If there is no head or chest injury, keep head lower than the rest of the body. Loosen clothing

and cover with blankets. Encourage fluids if victim is conscious and there is no abdominal injury or

nausea.

Locate Parent/Teacher and Emergency Medical release form.

Designate person to accompany victim to hospital with EMS—Parent/Teacher or staff.

Fill out Incident Report

If incident stems from safety issue that needs correction, document on Safety Follow-up Log.

Non 911

The immediate concern is to aid the sick or injured person. Proceed to the following plan:

Offer first aid kit to Parent/Teacher to administer as needed.

If no Parent/Teacher is available, locate the Emergency Medical Release form and call parent.

Notify a trained first aid person to assist the victim if needed.

Administer first aid using first aid guide only to the extent of training.

Fill out Incident Report

If incident stems from safety issue that needs correction, document on Safety Follow-up Log.

Hand Washing Policy

Hand washing is an effective method for prevention and control of infection.

Hand washing facilities should be accessible to visitors and staff and their use encouraged.

The facilities shall be sanitary, operable and in good repair, adequately stocked with soap and

disposable towels. A trash receptacle shall be easily accessible. Hand washing posters shall be

posted and visible at the facility.

When hands are visibly soiled, they should be washed with soap and water. Alcohol based

hand sanitizers and baby wipes may be used when hands are not visibly dirty and soap and

water are not available. Sanitizer and wipes shall be accessible to visitors and staff at all times

for a “quick” cleanup. Wipes may be used to remove soil and debris however, this is NOT a

substitute for washing hands.

Hands should be washed upon arrival at work, before and after eating, after visiting animals,

before and after administering first aid, after bathroom use, whenever hands are visibly dirty,

any time you want and OFTEN.

Staff shall follow hand washing guidelines and advise visitors to follow the guidelines.

Hand Sanitizing Procedure

When hands are visibly soiled, they should be washed with soap and water. Alcohol based

hand sanitizers and baby wipes may be used when hands are not visibly dirty and soap and

water are not available. Sanitizer and wipes shall be accessible to visitors and staff at all times

for a “quick” cleanup. Wipes may be used to remove soil and debris, however, this is NOT a

substitute for washing hands.

Use wipe to remove soil and debris. Discard wipe in trash receptacle provided.

Apply alcohol based sanitizer to palm of hand (1 – 2 pumps)

Rubs hands together, covering the entire surface of hands, between fingers and under

nails, until dry.

Louisiana law makes a person responsible for injuries that occur as a result of that

person’s negligence, imprudence, lack of skill, total disregard for the safety of others and

for intentionally harming another person. The law also makes a person responsible for

any defect or condition in his or her property that causes injury if the defect or condition

was known and the injury could have been prevented by the exercise of reasonable care.

These standards are not new. They date back to the days of the Roman Empire.

These rules of law mean that each day business owners carrying out the day-to-day

operations of their businesses risk getting sued by customers or visitors for injuries that

occur on the business premises or as a result of the business operations. Owners of

agritourism businesses face the same risks, but at a higher level.

Agritourism involves hosting curious visitors, many of whom are new to a farm, ranch or

forestry setting and the unique equipment and facilities associated with a working

agricultural or forestry operation. This unfamiliarity with uneven terrain, animals that are

not kept as pets and the operation of large equipment substantially increases the risk of

injury and, of course, lawsuits.

In response to the vulnerability for lawsuits and the problem with obtaining liability

insurance, the Louisiana legislature passed House Bill 633 by Representative Anders as

Act 591 of 2008; thereby enacting the Agritourism Limited Liability Law (R.S.

9:2795.5) This law is intended to limit the liability of an agritourism professional for

injuries that occur through no fault of the agritourism professional. A copy of the

complete law is found at the end of this explanation.

The law defines agritourism, who is an agritourism professional, who is a participant in

an agritourism activity, and what constitutes an inherent risk of an agritourism activity.

Examples of integral conditions, dangers, or hazards are rough terrain, vines and other

vegetation that someone may trip on, the behavior of wild or domestic animals, and risks

associated with the normal and proper use of machinery and equipment.

The decision as to what type of activities are “agritourism activities” is left to the

commissioner of agriculture and forestry to make by regulation. Those regulations may

be found in the Louisiana Administrative Code at (LAC 7:XLV.101, 103,105). The

current text of the regulations may be found at the end of this explanation.

EXPLANATION OF 2008 LIMITITATION

OF LIABILITY LAW

ON AGRITOURISM OPERATIONS IN

LOUISIANA

La. R.S. 9: 2795.5

In order to be eligible for coverage under this law, an agritourism professional engaging

in one or more agritourism activity as defined by the commissioner, must submit a plan

of operation for each agritourism activity to the director of the extension service of the

Louisiana State University Agricultural Center and the director must approve the plan.

Upon approval of the plan, the agritourism professional will be eligible for coverage

under the law so long as: (1) the law is in effect, (2) the particular activity or type of

activity is included in the regulations as an agritourism activity, and (3) the agritourism

professional is conducting business in accordance with the plan.

To invoke the limitation of liability provided by this law, an agritourism professional

must post and maintain a sign or signs that contain a warning notice in a clearly visible

location at the entrance to the agritourism location and at the site of the agritourism

activity. The warning notice must be in black letters, with each letter a minimum of one

inch in height. The warning must also be in any contract signed by the agritourism

professional for the providing of professional services, instructions, or the rental of

equipment and the warning must be in clearly readable print. The warning sign and the

warning on the contract must read as follows:

WARNING

Under Louisiana law, R.S. 9:2795.5, there is no liability for an injury to or death of

a participant in an agritourism activity conducted at this agritourism location if

such injury or death results from the inherent risks of the agritourism activity.

Inherent risks of agritourism activities include, among others, risks of injury

inherent to land, equipment, and animals, as well as the potential for you to act in a

negligent manner that may contribute to your injury or death. You are assuming

the risk of participating in this agritourism activity.

HOWEVER, additional warning signs at the entrance and the site of the agritourism

activity may be needed. If there is a particularly dangerous condition or an animal with

known dangerous propensities the agritourism professional must eliminate the danger,

keep the participants away, or post conspicuous signs warning of the particular danger.

For example, if the agritourism professional has a creek or stream on the property, knows

that there is a deep hole in the streambed that is hard to see, and knows that participants

walk down the streambed then the agritourism professional must either fill up the hold,

or take steps to prevent participants from walking that portion of the streambed, or post a

warning at the hole. Another example, if the agritourism activity involves hiking or

walking through woods or fields and wild hogs are known to be in the vicinity the

agritourism professional must, at a minimum, post warning signs about the danger posed

by the wild hogs.

Even under the law, an agritourism professional may still be liable for injuries caused by

his or her willful or wanton disregard for the safety of the participants, intentionally

injuring a participant, or failing to protect against a particularly known danger. Another

risk that an agritourism professional may be liable for is injury caused to a participant by

another participant, especially if the use of equipment is involved.

In summary, the Louisiana Agritourism Law is intended to protect an agritourism

professional from liability because of an injury suffered by a participant if the injury is

solely the result of a condition, danger, or hazard that is an integral part of the agritourism

activity.

HOWEVER, THERE IS NO ABSOLUTE FREEDOM FROM LIABILITY. Failure to

post the warning signs and to place the warning in contracts prevents the law from being

used to avoid liability. Further, as stated above, there are several situations where an

agritourism professional may still be liable for injuries suffered by a participant.

REMEMBER, there is no way to prevent lawsuits, but the posting of warning signs;

making participants aware of the inherent dangers; explaining safe ways of participating;

stopping unsafe participation; correcting, eliminating, isolating, or warning of especially

dangerous conditions or animals, and having regard for the safety of participants can

shield an agritourism professional from liability under the Agritourism Law.

HOWEVER, this law is not a guarantee of freedom from lawsuit or liability and it does

not take the place of liability insurance.

§2795.5. Limitation of liability; agritourism activities; definitions; exceptions; required

warning

A. As used in this Section, the following terms shall have the following meanings, unless

the context requires otherwise:

(1) "Agritourism" means the travel or visit by the general public to, or the practice of

inviting the general public to travel to or visit, a working farm, ranch, or other commercial

agricultural, aquacultural, horticultural, or forestry operation for the purpose of enjoyment,

education, or participation in the activities of the farm, ranch, or other agricultural, aquacultural,

horticultural, or forestry operation.

(2) "Agritourism activities" means those activities related to agritourism as defined in

rules and regulations adopted by the commissioner of agriculture and forestry in accordance with

the Administrative Procedure Act, and which the conduct of any such activity is set forth in a plan

of operation approved by the director of the Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service of the

Louisiana State University Agricultural Center or his designee.

(3) "Agritourism professional" means any person and his employees or authorized agents

who offer or conduct one or more agritourism activities for agritourism purposes.

(4) "Inherent risks of agritourism activity" means those conditions, dangers, or hazards

that are an integral part of an agritourism activity, including surface and subsurface conditions of

land and water; natural conditions of vegetation; the behavior of wild or domestic animals; those

arising from the form or use of structures or equipment ordinarily used on a working farm, ranch,

or other commercial agricultural, aquacultural, horticultural, or forestry operation; and the

mistakes or negligent acts of a participant that may contribute to injury to the participant or

others, including failing to follow instructions given by the agritourism professional or failing to

exercise reasonable caution while engaging in the agritourism activity.

(5) "Participant" means any person, other than an agritourism professional, who engages

in an agritourism activity, even if that person did not pay to participate in the agritourism activity.

B.(1) Except as provided in Paragraph (2) of this Subsection, an agritourism professional

is not liable for injury to or death of a participant resulting from the inherent risks of agritourism

activities, so long as the warning contained in Subsection C of this Section is posted as required

and, except as provided in Paragraph (2) of this Subsection, no participant or participant's

representative can maintain an action against or recover from an agritourism professional for

injury, loss, damage, or death of the participant resulting exclusively from any of the inherent

risks of agritourism activities. In any action for damages arising out of an agritourism activity

against an agritourism professional, the agritourism professional shall plead the provisions of this

Section as an affirmative defense.

(2) Nothing contained in Paragraph (1) of this Subsection prevents or limits the liability

of an agritourism professional, if the agritourism professional does any one or more of the

following:

(a) Commits an act or omission that constitutes willful or wanton disregard for the safety

of the participant and that act or omission caused injury, damage, or death to the participant.

(b) Intentionally injures the participant.

facility upon which the participant sustained injuries because of a dangerous latent condition,

including but not limited to the dangerous propensity of a particular animal used in such activity,

which was known or should have been known to the agritourism professional and for which

warning signs have not been conspicuously posted.

(d) Any limitation on liability provided in Paragraph (1) of this Subsection to an

agritourism professional is in addition to any other limitation of liability otherwise provided by

law.

(3) Nothing contained in Paragraph (1) of this Subsection shall prevent or limit the

liability of an agritourism professional under liability provisions as set forth in the Louisiana

Products Liability Act, R.S. 9:2800.51 through 2800.60.

C. (1) Every agritourism professional shall post and maintain signs that contain the

warning notice specified in Paragraph (2) of this Subsection and shall be placed in a clearly

visible location at the entrance to the agritourism location and at the site of the agritourism

activity. The warning notice shall consist of a sign in black letters, with each letter to be a

minimum of one inch in height. Every written contract entered into by an agritourism

professional for the providing of professional services, instruction, or the rental of equipment to a

participant, whether or not the contract involves agritourism activities on or off the location or at

the site of the agritourism activity, shall contain in clearly readable print the warning notice

specified in Paragraph (2) of this Subsection.

(2) The signs and contracts described in Paragraph (1) of this Subsection shall contain

the following notice of warning:

"WARNING

Under Louisiana law, R.S. 9:2795.5, there is no liability for an injury to or death of a

participant in an agritourism activity conducted at this agritourism location if such injury or death

results from the inherent risks of the agritourism activity. Inherent risks of agritourism activities

include, among others, risks of injury inherent to land, equipment, and animals, as well as the

potential for you to act in a negligent manner that may contribute to your injury or death. You are

assuming the risk of participating in this agritourism activity."

(3) Failure to comply with the requirements concerning warning signs and notices

provided in this Subsection shall prevent an agritourism professional from invoking the limitation

of liability provided by this Section.

Part XLV. Agritourism

Chapter 1. Agritourism Activities; Plans of Operation

§101. Definitions

A. The words and terms defined in R.S. 9:2795.5 are applicable to this Chapter.

B. The following words and terms are defined for the purposes of this Chapter.

Agricultural Operation―a working farm, ranch, or other commercial agricultural, aquacultural,

horticultural, or forestry operation.

Agritourism Plan of Operation―a planning document that will assist agritourism professionals in

identifying and addressing possible inherent risks on their operations through recommended best

management practices. Components of the plan will include listing of activities, their risks, suggestions for

minimizing those risks, and a plan for the location of warning signs.

Commissioner―the Commissioner of Agriculture and Forestry for Louisiana.

Department―the Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry.

§103. Agritourism Activities

A. Agritourism activities are activities engaged in by a participant for one or more of the purposes of

enjoyment of, education about, or participation in, the activities of an agricultural operation.

B. The commissioner has defined certain activities as agritourism activities when such activities are

conducted in relation to an agricultural operation. The defining of an activity as an agritourism activity also

includes the enjoyment of, education about or participation in closely related activities even though such

closely related activities may not be specifically listed in the definition. For example, an agricultural craft

tour or visit includes such things as attending on-site lectures, hands on participation in the making of an art

or craft article, and purchase of an article.

1. The commissioner may add or remove activities to or from the list of agritourism activities from

time to time by publishing a supplemental list of agritourism activities in the Potpourri Section of the

Louisiana Register and by updating the list of activities on the department's website.

2. Interested persons may request activities to be added or deleted from the list of agritourism

activities.

a. All such requests shall be submitted in writing to the department by letter or e-mail. Each

request shall provide the name, address, and contact information for the person making the request, a

description of the activity, and how it is related to an agricultural operation.

b. The commissioner shall make the determination as to whether the activity will be added or

deleted from the list of agritourism activities. The requesting party shall be notified of the commissioner's

decision.

C. A list of the agritourism activities shall be published annually in the Potpourri Section of the

February issue of the Louisiana Register and on the department's website.

D. The initial annual listing of agritourism activities established by the commissioner is listed below.

Annual Listing of Agritourism Activities

in Accordance with LAC 7:XLV.101-105

Notice: The activities listed below are agritourism activities only when conducted in

relation to an agricultural operation as defined in LAC 7:XLV.101.

Agricultural Crafts Tours and Visits

Farm/Ranch Vacations

Agricultural Exhibits Tours and Visits

Farmers Markets/on Farm Sales/Roadside

Stands Visits and Participation

Agricultural Fairs and Festivals Visits

and Participation

Fishing

Agricultural Operations Planting,

Harvesting and Working Activities

Game/Exotic Farm Animal Tours and Visits

Agricultural Operations Tours and Visits

Garden/Nursery Tours and Visits

Guided Crop Tours and Visits

Bed and Breakfasts Tours, Visits, and

Stays

Hiking/Packing Trips

Historical Tours of or Visits to Former

Agricultural Operations

Bird Watching

Boating/Swamp Tours

Horseback/Pony Riding

Camping/Picnicking

Hunting

Christmas Tree Farms Visits and Tree

Cutting

Hunting/Working Dog Trials/Training

Corn/Hay Bale/Other Mazes Visits and

Participation

Petting Zoos Tours, Visits, and Interaction

with Animals

Crop Harvesting at U-Pick Operations

Pumpkin Patch Visits and Participation

Educational Tours and Visits

Skeet Shooting

Equine Activity [as defined in R.S.

9:2795.3(A)(3)] Attendance and

Participation

Wagon Rides Attendance and Participation

Winery Tours and Visits

Farm Animal Activity [as defined in R.S.

9:2795.1(A)(3)] Attendance and

Participation

Youth Camp Stays and Participation

Beekeeping added in 2015.

§105. Procedure for Submission of Plan of Operation

A. Any agritourism professional who conducts an agritourism activity and seeks to avail himself of R.S.

9:2795.5 shall submit a written and completed agritourism plan of operation for each such activity to the

Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service of the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center for

approval. Multiple activities may be included in the plan. The agritourism plan of operation may be sent to

Dora Ann Hatch, LSU AgCenter, 11959 Highway 9, Homer, LA 71040.

1. An agritourism professional who adds an agritourism activity after his agritourism plan of

operation has been approved shall submit an agritourism plan of operation for the new activity to the

Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service of the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center for

approval.

2. An agritourism plan of operation shall be submitted for each separate agricultural operation where

agritourism activities are to be conducted.

B. The agritourism plan of operation shall include:

1. the name, physical address, mailing address, and telephone number of the agritourism

professional;

2. the name under which the agritourism professional will operate, the physical address, mailing

address and telephone number of the agricultural operation, if different than the information provided for

the agritourism professional;

3. the business structure, (sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, limited liability company,

joint venture, or other structure);

4. the physical location of the agricultural operation;

5. the nature of the agritourism activities to be conducted at the location;

6. the known inherent risks to participants in the agritourism activities;

7. the best management practices, including the placement of warning signs, to be used by the

agritourism professional for reducing these risks and for warning participants of the risks;

8. any other information requested by the Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service of the Louisiana

State University Agricultural Center.

C. An agritourism professional, upon approval and implementation of his agritourism plan of operation,

shall be presumed to be conducting an agritourism activity for each activity listed on an approved

agritourism plan of operation.

Agritourism Fact Sheet

Steps to Agritourism Certification

Step 1:

Go online to the LSU AgCenter’s agritourism website: www.lsuagcenter.com/agritourism or contact

Dora Ann Hatch, LSU AgCenter’s agritourism coordinator, at 11959 Hwy. 9, Homer, LA 71040 or e-mail

her at dhatch@agcenter.lsu.edu or call her at (318) 927-9654 x 229 for assistance.

Step 2:

Under “sub-topics” in the right hand corner; select “rules and regulations;” click on the “Agritourism

Limited Law Fact Sheet.” Read the fact sheet.

Step 3:

To become certified, check to see if you qualify. As outlined in “Agritourism Limited Law Fact Sheet” an

operation must be considered an “agricultural operation.” An agricultural operation is defined in the

Agritourism Limited Law Fact Sheet in Part XLV, Chapter 1.

Step 4:

Next, determine whether or not your agritourism venture is an “approved activity” under the law.

Paragraph 103 of the law lists approved agritourism activities. If you do not see your activity listed, you

may petition the Secretary of Agriculture to include your activity in the law.

Step 5:

Return to the LSU AgCenter’s agritourism website: www.lsuagcenter.com/agritourism and click on the

“Agritourism Best Management Practices and Plan of Operation” brochure. This brochure contains

information you will need to consider in preparing to complete your plan of operation.

Step 6:

The Plan of Operation, the planning document that must be submitted for certification, can be found on

the agritourism home page.

There are several versions to select from. If you want to hand-write your application or type on a

typewriter, choose the form “Agritourism Plan of Operation.”

If you prefer to complete the plan using your computer select “Agritourism Plan of Operation in Editable

Form” for the complete document. To open a copy of the plan, you must “right click and save” to your

computer. If you have more than one activity in your operation, also select “Agritourism Coy of Page 4-

Editable Form.” Again to open a copy of the plan, you must “right click and save” to your computer. This

form can be used as many times as needed.

Step 7:

Complete and e-mail or mail your plan of operation to: Dora Ann Hatch, LSU AgCenter’s agritourism

coordinator, at 11959 Hwy. 9, Homer, LA 71040 or e-mail her at dhatch@agcenter.lsu.edu or call her at

(318) 927-9654 x 229.

SAFETY AND

EMERGENCY

MANAGEMENT

WORKSHOP PARTNERS

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