Say, Mean, Matter: The Hope and Fragility of Democracy in
the United States
Directions: Complete the grid below, supporting your ideas with information from the sources on Handout 1: Sources. Use the model in
the first row to help you. In the first column, write a short quotation from the text or read the quote provided. In the middle column, rewrite
the quotation in your own words. In the third column, write which strand(s) of history you think the quote relates to and why the ideas in the
quote matter to you, your community, or the country.
www.facinghistory.org
SOURCE 1: Excerpt 1 from “Learning from the Failure of Reconstruction,” the New Yorker
Say
Write a quotation from the text, or read the
quotation that is provided.
Mean
Rewrite the quotation in your own words.
What does this quotation mean? What makes
you say that?
Matter
Which strand(s) of history does this quote relate
to (democratic or anti-democratic)? Why do the
ideas in this quote matter to you, your
community, or the country?
“[T]he thousands who stormed the Capitol
do not believe in political democracy when
they lose. They believe in it when they win,
but that’s not democracy.”
The people who broke into the Capitol
building were trying to overturn a
democratic election because they didn’t like
the results.
This quote relates to the anti-democratic
strand of history. It matters to the country,
because the people who stormed the Capitol
wanted to disrupt the government and
overturn the election. It matters to me,
because the government makes decisions that
impact our lives and the government should
be accountable to voters, not a mob.
“You have these two themes of American
history in juxtaposition [contrast] to each
other. That’s my point. And both of them are
part of the American tradition, and we have
to be aware of both of them, not just the
more honorable parts.”
www.facinghistory.org
SOURCE 2: The First South Carolina Legislature After the 1867 Reconstruction Acts (Image)
Note: Since this source is an image, the questions are slightly different than they are for the other sources.
Say
Write a quotation from the text, or read the
quotation that is provided.
Mean
Rewrite the quotation in your own words.
What does this quotation mean? What makes
you say that?
Matter
Which strand(s) of history does this quote relate
to (democratic or anti-democratic)? Why do the
ideas in this quote matter to you, your
community, or the country?
SOURCE 3: Excerpt from Frederick Douglass, “What the Black Man Wants”
Say
Write a quotation from the text, or read the
quotation that is provided.
Mean
Rewrite the quotation in your own words.
What does this quotation mean? What makes
you say that?
Matter
Which strand(s) of history does this quote relate
to (democratic or anti-democratic)? Why do the
ideas in this quote matter to you, your
community, or the country?
www.facinghistory.org
SOURCE 4: South Carolina “Red Shirts” Battle Plan (1876)
Say
Write a quotation from the text, or read the
quotation that is provided.
Mean
What does this quotation mean? What
makes you say that?
Matter
Which strand(s) of history does this quote relate
to (democratic or anti-democratic)? Why do the
ideas in this quote matter to you, your
community, or the country?
SOURCE 5: Excerpt 2 from “Learning from the Failure of Reconstruction,” the New Yorker
Say
Write a quotation from the text, or read the
quotation that is provided.
Mean
Rewrite the quotation in your own words.
What does this quotation mean? What makes
you say that?
Matter
Which strand(s) of history does this quote relate
to (democratic or anti-democratic)? Why do the
ideas in this quote matter to you, your
community, or the country?
Note: This source describes offensive stereotypes and racially-motivated violence.
1
Isaac Chotiner, “Learning from the Failure of Reconstruction,” the New Yorker, January 13, 2021. Emphasis added.
www.facinghistory.org
SOURCE 6: Excerpt from “‘They always put other barriers in place’: how Georgia activists fought off voter suppression,” The Guardian
Say
Write a quotation from the text, or read the
quotation that is provided.
Mean
Rewrite the quotation in your own words.
What does this quotation mean? What makes
you say that?
Matter
Which strand(s) of history does this quote relate
to (democratic or anti-democratic)? Why do the
ideas in this quote matter to you, your
community, or the country?
Final Reflection: Eric Foner believes: "We teach history, but history is not determinism [fate]. We don’t have to just relive our
history over and over again. It’s possible to move beyond it." In light of this quote, and what I have learned about the
1
democratic and anti-democratic strands of US history, I believe:
1. It's my responsibility to learn . . .
2. It's my responsibility to reflect on . . .
3. It's my responsibility to act by . . .