among APS agencies, local law enforcement agencies, LTCOPs, California State Attorney General
Bureau of Medi-Cal Fraud and Elder Abuse, licensing agencies or their counsel, Department of
Consumer Affairs Investigators (who investigate elder and dependent adult abuse), the county District
Attorney, the Probate Court, and the Public Guardian. Confidentiality may be waived by the reporter
or by court order. Any violation of confidentiality is a misdemeanor punishable by jail time, fine, or
both (WIC Section 15633(a)).
DEFINITIONS OF ABUSE
Physical abuse means any of the following: (a) Assault, as defined in Section 240 of the Penal Code;
(b) Battery, as defined in Section 242 of the Penal Code; (c) Assault with a deadly weapon or force
likely to produce great bodily injury, as defined in Section 245 of the Penal Code; (d) Unreasonable
physical constraint, or prolonged or continual deprivation of food or water; (e) Sexual assault, that
means any of the following: (1) Sexual battery, as defined in Section 243.4 of the Penal Code; (2)
Rape, as defined in Section 261 of the Penal Code; (3) Rape in concert, as described in Section
264.1 of the Penal Code; (4) Spousal rape, as defined in Section 262 of the Penal Code; (5) Incest,
as defined in Section 285 of the Penal Code; (6) Sodomy, as defined in Section 286 of the Penal
Code; (7) Oral copulation, as defined in Section 288a of the Penal Code; (8) Sexual penetration, as
defined in Section 289 of the Penal Code; or (9) Lewd or lascivious acts as defined in paragraph (2) of
subdivision (b) of Section 288 of the Penal Code; or (f) Use of a physical or chemical restraint or
psychotropic medication under any of the following conditions: (1) For punishment; (2) For a period
beyond that for which the medication was ordered pursuant to the instructions of a physician and
surgeon licensed in the State of California, who is providing medical care to the elder or dependent
adult at the time the instructions are given; or (3) For any purpose not authorized by the physician and
surgeon (WIC Section 15610.63).
Serious bodily injury means an injury involving extreme physical pain, substantial risk of death, or
protracted loss or impairment of function of a bodily member, organ, or of mental faculty, or requiring
medical intervention, including, but not limited to, hospitalization, surgery, or physical rehabilitation
(WIC Section 15610.67).
Neglect (a) means either of the following: (1) The negligent failure of any person having the care or
custody of an elder or a dependent adult to exercise that degree of care that a reasonable person in a
like position would exercise; or (2) The negligent failure of an elder or dependent adult to exercise that
degree of self care that a reasonable person in a like position would exercise. (b) Neglect includes,
but is not limited to, all of the following: (1) Failure to assist in personal hygiene, or in the provision of
food, clothing, or shelter; (2) Failure to provide medical care for physical and mental health needs. No
person shall be deemed neglected or abused for the sole reason that he or she voluntarily relies on
treatment by spiritual means through prayer alone in lieu of medical treatment; (3) Failure to protect
from health and safety hazards; (4) Failure to prevent malnutrition or dehydration; or (5) Failure of an
elder or dependent adult to satisfy the needs specified in paragraphs (1) to (4), inclusive, for himself
or herself as a result of poor cognitive functioning, mental limitation, substance abuse, or chronic poor
health (WIC Section 15610.57).
Financial abuse of an elder or dependent adult occurs when a person or entity does any of the
following: (1) Takes, secretes, appropriates, obtains, or retains real or personal property of an elder or
dependent adult for a wrongful use or with intent to defraud, or both; (2) Assists in taking, secreting,
appropriating, obtaining, or retaining real or personal property of an elder or dependent adult for a
wrongful use or with intent to defraud, or both; or (3) Takes, secretes, appropriates, obtains, or
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