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C. Information Gathering – physical examination
i.Observation / Inspection
General appearance: posture and position
tests of all spinal and peripheral joints
o Understand the causes of common
postural changes
o Understand the consequence of
Integument system: Skin condition, colour,
scars/incision, muscle atrophy/hypertrophy,
− Pattern of respiration including respiratory
rate, accessory muscle use if present,
synchronous or asynchronous …..
−
Expansion of thorax during respiration
ii. Active range of motion (AROM)
− Observation of AROM for all spinal and
peripheral joints
− AROM measurement with a tape measure for
decreased spinal ROM
− AROM measurement of all peripheral joints
using various sized goniometers
− Appreciation of typical trick movements for all
areas of assessment
iii.Passive range of motion (PROM)
Performs PROM for all spinal and peripheral
joints knowing the normal and pathologic end
feels
Performs PPM’s and PIVM’s
Performs PAM’s and PAVM’s
Identifies capsular and non-capsular patterns of
restriction for peripheral and spinal joints
Interpret patterns of inert tissue lesions
Resisted isometric testing- selective tissue
tension testing to determine if the contractile
unit is problematic
Interpret patterns of contractile unit lesions
Performs length testing on various spinal and
peripheral muscles
Performs manual muscle testing when indicated
on various spinal and peripheral muscles
