Fillable Graphing in science Activity sheet 1of6 In science, (Wellington City Council New Zealand)

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Graphing in science Activity sheet 1of6 In science, (Wellington City Council New Zealand)

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[arjun][NelsonNet Worksheet][D:/Thomson_Learning_Projects/NelsonNet_Worksheets_SB7_1080060/z_produc-
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Activity sheet
Graphing in science
Name:
Class:
In science, graphs are used to visually display data gained through experimentation. There are a number of
different types of graphs, and it is important that you choose the right one to display your data.
Although software is available for creating graphs, drawing your own graphs is a useful skill to develop.
Line graph
A line graph is used to display data that is continuous. That is, each point is related to the one before and the
one after. Examples of continuous data are length, weight and temperature. For example, suppose that you
measured the temperature in a beaker of water while it is being heated over a Bunsen burner for a period of
10 minutes. The data you collected is shown in the following table.
Time (min) Temperature (˚C)
023
135
246
359
463
572
686
792
898
999
10 100
When drawing a line graph, you need to use the following steps.
1 Draw two axes at right angles to each other.
2 Make sure the axes are long enough to show all of the information, with an arrow on the end of each.
3 Mark each axis with a suitable scale; for example, 1 cm ¼ 10˚C.
4 Name each axis to show what it repr esents.
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© Cengage Learning Australia Pty Ltd 2011 Science as a Human Endeavour Nature and development of science SCI07SHAS07105 www.nelsonnet.com.au
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5 Make sure your graph has a title that describes what the graph is showing.
Time (min)
Heating water
Temperature (°C)
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
246810
Column graph
A column (or bar) graph is used to display the number or amount in different categories or groups. For
example, suppose that you collected the following data about the number of birds in the schoolyard at
lunchtime.
Type of bird Number of birds
Magpie 12
Starling 2
Blackbird 3
Sparrow 5
Rosella 3
When drawing a column graph, you need to use the following steps.
1 Draw two axes at right angles to each other.
2 Make sure the axes are long enough to show the information.
3 Mark each axis with a suitable scale.
4 Label the horizontal axis with the name of each category.
5 Label the vertical axis with the amount or number that occurs in each category. Make sure the scale is
suitable.
6 Make sure your graph has a title that conveys the meaning about what the graph is showing .
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© Cengage Learning Australia Pty Ltd 2011 Science as a Human Endeavour Nature and development of science SCI07SHAS07105 www.nelsonnet.com.au
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Magpie
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Starling Blackbird
Type of bird
Sparrow Rosella
Number of birds
Birds in the schoolyard
Pie graph
A pie (or circle) graph is used to show the parts of a total amount. When drawing a pie graph, you need to use
the following steps.
1 Work out the total of all the measurements (the data that you gathered).
2 Make a tab le with the measurements in one column.
3 Change each measurement to a fraction or percentage of the total.
4 Calculate the angle for each measurement as a fraction or percentage of 360˚.
5 Draw a circle, marking the centre and a starting radius. Use a protractor to mark each angle.
90
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
0
10
20
30
4
0
5
0
6
0
7
0
8
0
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
180
170
1
60
150
140
1
30
120
110
100
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6 Make sure your graph has a title that shows what the graph is about.
Native trees in the schoolyard
Wattle
Bottle
brush
Grass tree
Grevillea
Banksia
Other
Eucalyptus
Hakea
For example, your class has completed a survey of all the native trees in your school ground. You have
transferred this data into the following table.
Type of tree Num ber of trees Percentage (%)* Angle(˚)**
Eucalyptus 15 8.9 32
Wattle 56 33.3 120
Bottle brush 21 12.5 45
Hakea 30 17.9 64
Grass trees 9 5.4 19
Grevillea 12 7.1 26
Banksia 15 8.9 32
Other 10 6.0 22
Total 168 100.0 360
Percentage ¼
number of trees
total number of trees
100%
For instance, for eucalyptus trees:
15
168
100% ¼ 8:9%

Angle ¼
percentage
100
360
8:9
100
360
¼ 32
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© Cengage Learning Australia Pty Ltd 2011 Science as a Human Endeavour Nature and development of science SCI07SHAS07105 www.nelsonnet.com.au
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Questions
Native trees in the schoolyard
For each question, which type of graph – line, column or pie – do you think would be the best way to display
the data? Would any of those graph types be inappropriate? Explain your answers.
1 Jason asked 100 people if they believed that human activity is causing climate change. The possible
responses were ‘yes’, ‘no’ or ‘not sure’.
2 Maria hung six different weights from a rubber band and measured how much the band stretched each
time.
3 At football training, Marco recorded how long it took each team member to run 10 laps of the oval.
4 On a fun run, Olivia wore a heart-rate monitor and recorded her heart rate every minute.
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© Cengage Learning Australia Pty Ltd 2011 Science as a Human Endeavour Nature and development of science SCI07SHAS07105 www.nelsonnet.com.au
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5 Paddy surveyed the class to find out each person’s blood group.
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© Cengage Learning Australia Pty Ltd 2011 Science as a Human Endeavour Nature and development of science SCI07SHAS07105 www.nelsonnet.com.au
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