Form 312—General Information
(Application for Registration of a Foreign Business Trust, Real Estate Investment Trust or Other
Foreign Filing Entity)
The attached form is drafted to meet minimal statutory filing requirements pursuant to the relevant code
provisions. This form and the information provided are not substitutes for the advice and services of an
attorney and tax specialist.
Commentary
To transact business in Texas, a foreign entity must register with the secretary of state under chapter 9 of
the Texas Business Organizations Code (BOC). The registration requirement applies to a foreign
corporation, foreign limited partnership, foreign limited liability company, foreign business trust,
foreign real estate investment trust, foreign cooperative, foreign public or private limited company, or
another foreign entity, the formation of which, if formed in Texas, would require the filing of a
certificate of formation with the secretary of state. Also, a foreign entity that affords limited liability for
any owner or member under the laws of its jurisdiction of formation is required to register.
Use this form if the application for registration is submitted on behalf of a foreign business trust, foreign
real estate investment trust or a foreign filing entity other than a for-profit, nonprofit, or professional
corporation, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited liability partnership or professional
association.
This form also may be used for permissive registration under section 9.003 of the BOC. In accordance
with section 9.003, a foreign entity that is eligible under other law of Texas to register to transact
business in this state, but is not registered under that law, may file an application for registration under
chapter 9 of the BOC unless that registration is prohibited by the other law.
Failure to Register: A foreign entity may engage in certain limited activities in the state without being
required to register (BOC § 9.251). However, a foreign entity that fails to register when required to do
so 1) may be enjoined from transacting business in Texas on application by the attorney general, 2) may
not maintain an action, suit, or proceeding in a court of this state until registered, and 3) is subject to a
civil penalty in an amount equal to all fees and taxes that would have been imposed if the entity had
registered when first required.
Penalty for Late Filing: A foreign entity that has transacted business in the state for more than ninety
(90) days is also subject to a late filing fee. The secretary of state may condition the filing of the
registration on the payment of a late filing fee that is equal to the registration fee for each year, or part of
a year, that the entity transacted business in the state without being registered.
Taxes: Business trusts are subject to a state franchise tax. REITs are generally not considered taxable
entities for franchise tax purposes. However, a REIT with any amount of its assets in direct holdings of
real estate, other than real estate it occupies for business purposes, as opposed to holding interests in
limited partnerships or other entities that directly hold the real estate, is a taxable entity. Other legal
entities registering to transact business may be deemed taxable entities and subject to a state franchise
tax. Contact the Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts, Tax Assistance Section, Austin, Texas, 78774-
0100, (512) 463-4600 or (800) 252-1381 for franchise tax information. For information relating to
federal employer identification numbers, federal income tax filing requirements, tax publications and
forms call (800) 829-3676 or visit the Internal Revenue Service web site at www.irs.gov.
Form 312
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