Chapter 1
SECTION 1
Reading the Section
A. extremely cold weather
1. from 20,000 to about 140,000 years
2. ice
B. land bridges between some regions that are
today separated by water
1. migrated
A. animal skins
B. warmth and cooking
C. tools and weapons
A. harpoons
1. polishing or grinding
2. stone as well as from wood
B. tamed
C. agriculture
Post-Reading Quick Check
People in the Neolithic period learned to use
the plow to plant wheat, barley, rice and mil-
let. This shift from food gathering to food pro-
ducing resulted in the growth of villages to
towns and cities.
SECTION 2
Reading the Section
1. river valleys 6. lunar
2. government 7. pictures
3. heavy flooding 8. bronze
4. irrigation 9. farming
5. traders 10. made sacrifices
Post-Reading Quick Check
Farm-based societies required cooperation and
organization among villagers to develop sys-
tems of irrigation. As leaders emerged, farm-
ing led to better food production. Surplus
food then led to increases in population, and
some villages became cities. Artisans could
make goods that could be sold by traders.
Goods and ideas traveled from place to place
resulting in an exchange of cultures. This dif-
fusion of cultures gave birth to civilizations.
Chapter 2
SECTION 1
Reading the Section
1. the Nile River
2. cataracts
3. papyrus
4. pharaoh
5. the pharaoh, the royal family, priests,
scribes, and government officials
6. the New Kingdom
7. empire
8. Hatshepsut
9. Amenhotep IV
10. Ramses II
Post-Reading Quick Check
Old Kingdom
• Pharaohs grew weaker
• Nobles grew stronger
• Civil wars divided Egypt
New Kingdom
• a series of invasions weakened Egypt
• Egypt attacked by the Assyrians, the Nubians,
and the Persians
SECTION 2
Reading the Section
1. b 6. a
2. a 7. a
3. a 8. b
4. b 9. a
5. b 10. b
Post-Reading Quick Check
The tombs of the ancient Egyptians help us
learn about their daily life, because they were
filled with clothing, food, weapons, and tools
that the ancient Egyptians used everyday.
SECTION 3
Reading the Section
1. easy 6. temples
2. unpredictable 7. rarely
3. often 8. polytheism
4. tool 9. nobles
5. clay 10. Slaves
Post-Reading Quick Check
Sumerians
built ziggurats
wrote on clay tablets using cuneiform
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Holt World History: The Human Journey 12 Geography Activities/Guided Reading Answer Key
ANSWER KEY
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