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3.0

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FFECTEDENVIRONMENT

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Thispageintentionallyleftblank

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

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3.0 AFFECTEDENVIRONMENT

3.1

Thissection

CULTURALRESOURCES

withinthesurroundingarea.Thi

documentsthepotentialarchaeol

sinformation

ogical,historic,

wasderivedfrom

andvi

hist

oricmaps,Nationa

alresourcesthatarepresentont

lRegisternominatio

heFOB8siteand

disturbing

andfieldsurveys.Itwasdeterminedthattheonlyimpactstoarchaeologicalresourceswould

ns,priorstudies,

thebuildingandthec

ctivities.Thus,the

urbline.T

AreaofPotentialEffects(APE)forarcheologicalresourcesincludestheareabetweent

occurasaresultofground

hefaceof

potentialfo

generallyboundedby:4

rtheproposedsecurit

swasdefinedbasedo

undingthesite.Th

nthe

Street,S

yimprovementstobevisible

hroughtheSection106process,

fromhistoricpropertiess

theAPEforhistoricresource

inthewest,northtoJeffe

urro eareais

Street,SWtoMarylandAv

onSouthCapitolStreettoCStr

enue;northeastonMarylandAvenueto

rsonDrive;eastonJeffersonDr

theU.S.CapitolBuilding;so

iveto3

Street,SW;southon

uthfromtheCapitolBuilding

3‐1).Thestudyareaf

tracks;westalongtherailroad

orvisualres

trac

Street,

kstoVirg

eet,SW;weston

iniaAvenue,

CStreetto1

SW;andnorthwestonVirgi

SW;southalongthe1

niaAv

Streetalig

urcesisidenticaltotheAPEforhistoricresources.

enue,SWto4

Street,SW

nmenttotherailroad

(Figure



AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 1 

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



3 ‐ 2  AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

1

2

3

Figure31:AreaofPotentialEffectsforHistoricResources

Source:EDAW2009

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



3.1.1 Archaeological

AspartofthelargerPotomacRi

Resources

reflect

1815,the

this

ashingto

istory:accordingto

nCanalwas

theU.S.Depart

constructednorthand

mentof



verwatershed,thelandsu

eastof

rroun

the

ding

site,resultingint

theMallwashistoric

hefilling

allymarshland.Between1810

ofthesemarshes.Thearea’ss

and

soils.Urbansoilshaveaman‐ma

Agric

desurfacelayerthathasbeenprod

ulture’ssoilsurveys,t

ucedbymixing,fillin

hearea

g,

aroundFOB8iscomposedofUrb

oils

an



disturbedthroughcon

surfaceinurbanandsub

structiona

urbanar

eas.

ivitiesforth

Duetothenatureo

ebuilding,roa

fthe

dways,andsidewal

soils,andthefactthatthesite

ationofland

archaeologicalresourcesar s

ks,itisunlikelythat

andimmediatea

orbythecontamin

eawere

epre entnearthesurfaceontheFOB8site.

tactprehis oric

spreadw

workersduetotheproximityt

Duringthe19thcentury,thepro

o

jectsitewaspartofaresiden

theCapitol,theareabecamea

tialco

vibrantresidentia

mmunityknownasSo

lneighborhood.Asresidentialdev

uthwest.Attractivetogovernment

elopment

scaleresidentialandcommercialusesuntilth

ithinSouthwest,commercialestablis

emid‐20th

hmentsben

centur

efited.T

ywh

hisportionofSouthwestDCre

enurbanrenewalresultedin

thed

ineda

emolitionof

combinationoflow‐

officebuildingsduring

halfofthearea’sbuildings.T

the1950s,1960s,and1970s.

heareanowknownastheSouthwestFederalCenterwasredevelopedwithlarge‐scalefederal

morethan

the19

AccordingtohistoricSanbornandBaistmaps,theblocknowoccupiedbyFOB8wasfairlydenselydevelopedfromtheendof

stablesexis

brickstruct

tednearerthecente

centurythroughthemiddleofthe20

century.Th

rofthesite,offthemainstreets.The

estructures

Metropolitan

werebrickorframe

WesleyA.

andsmallinscale.Anumberof

ure,waslocatedonDStreetnearthecenteroftheblock.TheWattsandBrothersCoalandW

M.E.ZionChurch,amodestsized

onCStreetnearthecentero

parking(Sanborn1928‐1959).

ftheblock.By1959,thebuildingsonthesitehadbeenrazedandtheblockwasbeingusedfor

oodYardwaslocated

the18

centuryweredo

Noarchaeologicalsurveyshaveb

cumentedinasurveyc

eencompletedontheFOB8site.

ompletedpriortothe

Nor

con

thofFOB8,historicarchaeologicalremainsdatingfrom

Associates1993).Althoughitispossiblethatsimilarhistoricarchaeologicalres

structio

ourceswere

noftheNMA

presentontheFOB8site,iti

Ibuilding(JohnMilnerand

s

likelythattheyhavebeendisturbedduetotheurbanrenewaleffortsinthe1950sandtheconstructionofFOB8itself.

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 3 

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



3.1.2

FOB8

HistoricResources

FOB8wasconstructedin19

buildingsfromthisperiod,FOB

65aslaboratory

8issetbacksignifican

spaceforth

tlyfro

eFoodand

mCStreet,SW.Thear

DrugAdministrat

eabetw

ion.

sischaracteristicofm

thenorthfaceofthebuilding

anymodern

andCStreetwasdesignedasaparkinglot.GSAandtheDistrictofColumbiaStateHistoricPreservationOfficerarein

concurrencethatFOB8doesnotmeetthecriteriaforlistingintheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces.

L’EnfantandMcMillanPlans

thecountry

Theproject

’

siteisborderedbyst

smostnotableachievementsi

reetsorigin

nur

allyplannedbyPierreCharlesL’Enfantinthe18

century.Recognizedasoneof

exampleofB

coordinatedsystemofradiating

aroquecityplanning,L’Enfant’sPlandefinesthep

avenues,vistas,andparksover

banplanning,the

laidupo

L’EnfantPlan,c

nanorthogonalgridofstr

ompletedin1791,ischaracterized

hysicalandsymboliccharacterofthecapitalcityt

eets(Figure3‐2).A

bya

arrangementofroadways,buildin

hroughits

notable

theL’EnfantPlaninamannerconsistentwith

gs,parks,andviews.Atthe

theCityBeautifu

turnofthe20

century,the

lmovement.TheMcMillanPlane

McMillanCommissionexpande

xtendedtheMalltothewest

don

andterminateds

developmentofthec

everal

itytoday.

importantvisualaxeswithmonuments.Theprinciplesarticulatedintheseplansstillguidethe

3 ‐ 4  AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure32:L’EnfantPlanfortheCityofWashington,1791

Source:NCPC



DistrictofColumbiaInventoryofHistoricSites.ThedesignationrecognizescomponentsoftheMcMillanPlanthatcontribute

ThePlanoftheCityofWashingtonislistedintheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces,andisalsoacitylandmark,listedinthe

to,exte

AFFECTED

nd,



orenhancet

ENVIRONMENT

heL’EnfantPlan.Theperiodofsignifi



canceis1791‐1942.TheNationalRegisternominationforthe

3 ‐ 5 

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



Theportionsof3

Appropriat

theL’EnfantPlan.Inaddition

ionNumber2.Thevis

,the

Street,SW,CStreet,SW,andDStreet,SWthatbordertheprojectsiteareallcontributingelementswithin

ta

CapitolGrou

alongCStre

ndsandth

et,SW,iside

eNat

ntifiedwithintheno

ionalMalleastof14

Streetc

minationasb

ompriseL’Enfant’sOriginal

einginterruptedbyI‐395eastof

L’EnfantPlanidentifieshistoricstreets,reservationsandappropriations,andvistasthatcontributetotheplan’ssignificance.

theprojectsiteandat5 Streetwestoftheprojectsite.

3 ‐ 6  AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

Mall

Northwest

CapitolGroundsintheeastto14

ofFOB8,theMallwas

Streetint

akeycomponento

hewest,

andf

L’Enfantan

romCo

dMc

nstitutionAve

Millan’splansfor

nueinthen

thecity

orth

.TheM

toIndependenceAv

allextendsfromthe

enuein

MallwaslistedintheD

thesouth(Figure3‐3).

CInvento

Numerou

snationalmuseumslinetheMall,andatree‐linedgreenswardrunsthroughthecenter.The

identifiedcontributingfeaturesa

MultiplePropertyNominationfor

theL’EnfantPlan.In

in1964andtheNation

2006,a

alRegisterin1966.Itisalsoacomp

culturallandscapeinventorywascompletedfortheMa

onentoftheNationalRegister

llwhich

significance.FOB8isvisibleinviewssouthon3

dconcludedthat,whilenot

StreetfromtheMall(Figure3‐4).

aNationalHistoricLandmark,theMallclearlyhasnational



FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure33:TheMall

Source:EDAW,2009

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 7 

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



3 ‐ 8  AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT



Figure34:Viewsouthon3

StreetfromtheNationalMall

Source:EDAW,2009



FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



TheU.S.CapitolBuildingandGrounds

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 9 

TheU.S.CapitolBuildingisoneofthenation’siconichistoricbuildings.Locatedapproximately¼milenortheastofFOB8

the19

centuryby

(Figure3‐6),theNeoclassicalstylestructurewasdesignedby

columnedporticoonthefrontof

BenjaminLatro

the

be,CharlesBulfin

building,andamassivedomethatcapsthe

ch,andThomasU.Walter.Thes

structure(

tructurei

WilliamThorntonin1793,andthe

scharacteri

nrenovatedand

zedbyalarge

expandedin

buildingissitedonanoriginal

theCapitoldomeandthegroundsarevisiblefromthenor

L’EnfantAppropriationandissetwith

Figure3‐5).Themonumental

theast

inalandsc

cornerofFOB8.

apedesi

TheCapi

gnedbyFreder

tolwasdesignatedaNational

ickLawOlmsted.Both

HistoricLandmarkin1960andlistedintheDCInventoryofHistoricSitesin1964.

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



Figure35:U.S.CapitolBuilding

Source:EDAW,2009

3 ‐ 10 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure36:ViewtoU.S.Capitolfromthenortheastcorneroftheprojectsite

Source:EDAW,2008

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 11

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



HubertH.HumphreyBuilding

oneoftwoModerniststylestructu

TheHubertH.HumphreyBuildingislocatednorthofFOB8acrossC

ofHousingandUrbanDevelopment

resinSouthwestDCbyrenown

Building.TheHumphreyBuildi

eda

ngisasix‐st

rchitectMarcelBreuer,

Street(Figure3‐8).Constructedin

theotherbeing

1976,thebuildingis

oryconcretestructurewithabrisesoleil,a

theDepartment

penthouse,andarecessedgroundfloor(Figure3‐7).Althoughnotyet50yearsold,theHumphreyBuildingcouldpotentially

3 ‐ 12 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

beeligiblefortheNationalRegisterbothforitsdesignandastheworkofamasterarchitect.



Figure37:HubertH.HumphreyBu ilding

Source:EDAW,2008

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure38:ViewofHubertH.HumphreyBuildingfromFOB8

Source:EDAW,2009

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 13

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



MarySwitzerBuilding(RailroadRetirementBoardBuilding)

3 ‐ 14 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

Oneoft

Buildingis

helastbuilding

Locateddirectlywestof

serecte

FOB8,

dunderth

theMarySwitz

emassivefeder

erBuilding

aloff

wasdesignedbyCharl

iceconstructionprogramof

esKlauderandconstructedin

the1920sand1930s,theSwitze

1939‐1940.

r

Distinctiv

constructed

efeaturesinclu

fortheSocialSecur

asecondarycomponen

ityAdminist

twithinajointlyplannedcomplexthatincludestheWilburJ.CohenBuilding(originally

3‐9).Inplan,thebuildingrese

demonumentalwin

ration)tothenort

mblesahalf‐fis

dowsandpylons,andEgyptianmotifsthatador

h.Thestructurewasdesignedin

nthesandstonefacade

theStrippedClassicalstyle.

s(Figure

determinedtobeeligibleforlistingintheNationalRegister

hbone,withsix

ofHistoricPlaces.

wingsthatextendoffamainbase.TheSwitzerBuildinghasbeen

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure39:MarySwitzerBuilding

Source:EDAW,2008

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 15

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



WilburJ.CohenBuilding

3 ‐ 16 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

SwitzerBuildingtothesouth,t

NorthwestofFOB8,theWilburJ.CohenBuildingwasconstructedin1939fortheSocialSecurityAdministration.Likethe

stylewithitsbandsofvertica

DistrictofColumbia,aswellas

llyorientedwindows(Figure3‐1

hestructurewasdesignedbyCharles

0).Thebuildingissignificant

Klauderandisrepresentativeoft

foritsrolein

heStripped

cityplanningi

Classical

nthe

modernprogrammaticneeds.

Deal.TheWilburJ.CohenBuildi

Itisfurthersignificantforit

thelastworkofaprominenta

sassociationwiththeS

rchitectknownforhisskillinmeldinghi

ocialSecurityAdmin

ist

rica

atio

lrefe

in2007.

ngwaslistedintheDCInvento

nand

renceswith

ryofHistoricSitesandtheNationalRegisterofHist

oricPlac

eNew

es

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure310:WilburJ.CohenBuilding

Source:EDAW,2008

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 17

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



U.S.BotanicGarden

3 ‐ 18 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

invar

TheBotani

yingc

cGarden,located

limaticexhibits.Thega

north

rdenwasorigina

ofFOB8withintheCa

llyest

pitolGrounds,showcasesdiversevegetativespeciesa

kindinNorthAmerica. esignedintheBeauxArtsStyl

abli

ebyBennettParsons&Frostin1902,

shedbyCongressin1820,andrem

thegarden

ainsoneofthelarg

ndeco

estofits

systems

waslistedintheDC

InventoryofHistoricSitesin1964.ItalsolieswithintheboundsoftheNationalMall(Figures3‐11and3‐12).



Figure311:U.S.BotanicGarden

Source:EDAW,2008

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure312:ViewofU.S.BotanicGardenfromFOB8

Source:EDAW,2009

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 19

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



BartholdiFountain

3 ‐ 20 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

tieredcastironfountai

TheBartholdiFountainh

nisthe

asbeenaprominentfeatureonth

exhibit

workofFredericAugusteBarth

egrou

oldi,sc

ndsoftheU.S.Bo

ulptoroftheStatueo

tanicGarden

fLiberty.Thefountainwas

since1878.Theelaborate

edalongsidetheStatueo

supportingawaterbasi

purchasedbythefederalgovernm

entennialExhibitionin1876andwasthensubsequently

fountainwaslistedintheDCIn

n,attended

ent.Itselaboratef

fLibertyatthePhiladelphiaC



ventoryofHis

bytritons,reptiles,

cornerofF B8duringthewintermonths.

toricSitesin19

anddo

ormrises30feetaboveam

lphins.Twelvelightglobescirc

arblepool,wi

letherimofthebasin.The

ththreecolossalcaryatids

64(Figure3‐13).Thefountainmaybevisiblefromthenortheast

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure313:TheBartholdiFountain

Source:Wikipedia,2009

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 21

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



3.1.3 VisualResources

Methodology

wasdet

Thissect

ndocumentstheex

inedbyestimating

hevisibilityofF

ingvisualcharacterof

OB8,andthus

FOB8a

theproposedexteriorimprov

ndthesurroundingarea.Thestu

ements,toviewersfrompublic

dyareaforvisualresources

affordedal

placesand

historicresources.DuetotheurbandensityoftheSouthwestFederalCenterneighborhood,viewsaregenerally

openparcel

Thevisualcharacterof

seastofthesite,n

ngthestreetsthatborderthesite,includingC,3

ortheasttowardstheU.S.Capit

,D,and2

Street

olBuilding,andsou

s,SW.Inaddition,viewsareaffordedfromthe

theroadways,buildings,andopenspacethatborderthesitearedescribedbelow.

thwestfromtheCapitolGroundstoFOB8.

3 ‐ 22 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



ExistingVisualEnvironment

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 23

CStreet,

CStreet,SW

SW/NorthoftheSite

mid‐risefederalofficebuilding

borderstheFOB8sitetothenorth.Thetwo‐laneroadwayisborderedonthenorthandsouthsidesbymassive

currentlyencircledby

fromCStreet,allowingforsurfa

atallfence.

ceparkin

Inaddition

gbet

weent

s.Onthesouthsideofthestr

osurfacepar

hebuildin

eet,bothFOB8andtheSwitzer

gentrancesandthestreet.Thesurface

Buildingaresetbacksubstantia



lly

lowwalldividestheCStreetsidewalkfromthedriveattheea

king,FOB8hasanac essdrive

parkinglotatFOB8is

HumphreyandCohenBuildingsaresetclosertotheroadway,bot

sternendoftheblock.OnthenorthsideofCStr

hbuildingslackingsubstantialbuildingyards.E

eet,the

toabelow‐gradeparkinggarage.A

ofthesite,theroadwayandassociatedviewcorridorsareinterrupted.Theviewwestfromthesiteterminatesatalarge

astandwest

now

smallgreen

buildingat5

Street,SW(Figure3‐15).TheCStreetview

thatit turnstothenorthea

parcel(Figure3‐14).WhenI‐395wasconstru

st(Figure3‐16).Viewsarethu

ctedin

safford

the1960s,

corridorterminatesat2

Streetimmediately

ignedeastof

eastofthesiteata

theproject

edoftheCapitolBuildi

CStreet,SW,wasreal 2

site.

ngfromthenortheas

tcornerof

Street,such



ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



Figure314:VieweastonCStreetfrom3

Street,SW

Source:EDAW,2008

3 ‐ 24 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure315:ViewwestonCStreetwithFOB8andtheSwitzerBuildingintheforeground

Source:EDAW,2008



AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 25

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



Figure316:ViewalongthediagonalportionofCStreetfromthenortheastcorneroftheprojectsite

Source:EDAW,2008

3 ‐ 26 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Street,SW/WestoftheSite

along3

Borderin

Streetarefra

gFOB8tothe

west,3

edbymid‐riseb

Street,SWisafour‐laneroadwaythatrunsnorth‐south,followingL’Enfant’scitygrid.Views

andasunkengardenlo

mirroringthewalkonthewestsi

catedbetw

eent

ofthest

hesid

reetadjacenttotheSwitz

uildingsandavarietyofstreet

erBuilding

trees.Thesidewalkadjacentt

(Figure3‐17).There

o

isa

FOB8isnarrow,

smallplantingbed

Views

greenstri

area

p

fford

iswideran

edtot

extends

enorthalong3

tothefaceof

ewalkandFO

thebuilding;h

B8att

owev

he

eaiscurrently

southendoftheblock.Atthenort

lockedfromviewbyatallfence.

hendoftheblock,the

StreettotheMall(Figure3‐

er,thisar b

theelevatedrailroadlinesoneblocksouthofFOB8.

18).Viewstothesouthalong3

Streetareobstructedby



AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 27

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



Figure317:Viewlookingnorthalong3

StreetfromDStreet,SW

Source:EDAW,2008



3 ‐ 28 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure318:Viewlookingnorthon3

StreetnearCStreet,SW

Source:EDAW,2008

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 29

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



DStreet,SW/SouthoftheSite

sidewalki

DStreet,S

s

Wisanar

narrow.

Alineo

wone‐waystreettha

naturalligh

slightlyraisedplanting

fstreettreesandlamppostsrunb

tbordersFOB8tot

etweenthecurbandthesidewalk

hesouth.OnthenorthsideofDStreet,adjacenttoFOB8,th

.Insideofthewalk,anarrow,

e

bedcontainsalineoflowshrubsandsmalltrees.Betweenthetrees,aseriesoflightwellsprovide



ttothebuilding’s

sizesandmodernmid‐r

sidewalkandtheroadwayencircl

isebuildin

estheFordHouseOffice

lowerlevel.Onthesouthside

gs.Viewstotheeastinclude

Building.Viewsalon

ofthestreet,alineofunifor

gDStreetareframedbystreettr

mbollardsplacedbetweenthe

eesofva

infrastructure(Figure3‐19).Viewstothewestterminateat4

theonramptoI‐395andgr

Street,SW,whereabuildinginterr

eenspacebeyondthehig

uptsL’Enfant’shist

hway

rying

streetalignment(Figure3‐20).

oric



3 ‐ 30 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure319:ViewlookingeastonDStreet,SWwithFOB8ontheleft

Source:EDAW,2008

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 31

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



Figure320:ViewalongDStreet,SWlookingwestwithFOB8ontheright

Source:EDAW,2008

3 ‐ 32 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Street,

EastofFOB8,2

SW/EastoftheSite

FOB8,thesidewalkisnarrow.Betweent

Street,SWrunsintwolanesone‐wayfromthenorthtothesouth.Onthewestsideofthestreet,adjacentto

create

American

sagr

V

eenedge.

eteransDis

ntheeastsideofthes

bledforLifeMemorial

treet,th

hesidewalkand

esid



thebuildingface,aplantingbedcontainingbothtreesandshrubs

ramptotherecessedportionof

.Tothesouth,at

I‐395(Figure3‐21).Viewsnort

theintersectionof2

andD

alkdividestheroadwayfromasmallpark,thefuturesiteoft

Streets,SW,thereisanaccess

he

buildings,opengreens

Avenue(Figure3‐22).

pace,high

Fromthecornerof2

wayinfrastructure,surfaceparking,andthe

northeas

andCStreets,SWviewsareaffo

elevated

handsouthalongthe2

Streetcorridorincludemid‐riseoffice

rdedofthe

ailw

U.S.CapitolBuildingtothe

aysouthofFOB8atVirginia

t.



AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 33

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



Figure321:Viewsouthon2

StreetfromCStreet,withFOB8ontheright

Source:EDAW,2008



3 ‐ 34 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Figure322:Viewnorthon2

Street,SWwiththeHumphreyBuildingontheleft

andtheNationalMallandU.S.BotanicGardenintheCenteroftheView

Source:EDAW,2008

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 35

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



3.2SOCIOECONOMICRESOURCES

3.2.1

FOB8isag

LandUse

overnment‐

andgrounds.Boundedby2

ownedbuildinglocat

Streettotheeast,3

edwithintheSouthwe

acresiteoc

Streettothewest,CStreettot

stFederalCenter,twoblocksfr

henorth,andDStreettothesouth,the2.1‐

omtheU.S.CapitolBuilding

Anadditio

pedestrian

ntranceiso

cupiesafullcityblock.Thestructureissix‐storieshigh,withtwoaddition

lbelow‐gradepark

nCStreet,

ingareaisaccessedviaarampo

whereanapproximately100‐

ffof2

Street.Constructed

footsetbackallowsforasurface

alstorieslocatedbelowgrade.The

in1965aslaboratorysp

parkinglotforthebuilding.

main

U.S.FoodandDrugAdministrati B8hasbeenvacantsinceFDArelocatedin2002.WhileGSAownsthebuilding,

aceforthe

thesurroundingsidewa ksareund

on(FDA),FO

erthejurisdictionoftheDistrictofColumbia.

TheareasurroundingF

cityblock.TheHubertHumphrey

OB8isdominate

Buildingis

dbymid‐risefede

DepartmentofHealthandHumanS

siteddirectlynort

raloffic

hofF

ebuildings.Lik

OB8,acrossCStreet.

eFOB8,many

Thisstructurehousesthe

ofthesestructuresfillafull

BuildingisoccupiedbytheU.S.

ervices.NortheastofFOB8,acrossInterstate395(I‐395),theRayburnHouseOffice

Architec

DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices.T

HouseofRepresentatives.The

toftheCapitol,bordersFOB8tothesouth.Privately

heFordHouseOfficeBu

CohenBuildingliesnorthwestof

ilding,whichhousesCongressionalstaffandthe

FOB8andisoccupiedbythe

8at3

andDStreets,and4

Therearesevera

andEStreets.

ownedcommercialofficebuildingsarelocatedsouthwestofFOB

parceldir

thesite,across2

lsmallparksandlargerareasofopenspaceintheimmediatevicinityofFOB8.Directlyeastandnortheastof

fortheAmericanVet

ectlyeasto

fthesitea

Street,areseveralsmall,irregularlyshapedparcels,eachlandscapedandtraversedbysidewalks.The

andthe

ansDisabl

ctsasapartialbarriertotheI‐395underpass.Aparceltothenortheastistheplannedlocation

U.S.CapitolGroundsoffe

Mall,liesoneblocknorthofFOB

raddition

edforLifeMemorial.Furthernorthandeastofthesite,theNationalGarden,BartholdiPark,

groundsinthewest.

8andstretchesfromthe

alpublicopens

U.S.

pace.Thelargestareao

Capitolgroundsintheeasttot

fgreenspacein

heWashing

thedowntown,th

tonMonument

eNational

Otherlandusesintheareaincludeculturalattractions,retailestablishments,andtransportationinfrastructure.TheNational

AirandSpaceMuseumandtheNationalMuseumoftheAmericanIndianarelocatedtothenorthofFOB8alongtheedgeof

3 ‐ 36 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



isopendailyforpublictours.

TheFederalCenter‐SWMetrorai

Interstate395runsbelowgraded

lStation

irectlyeastof

islocatedlessthan

thesiteanda

SW.AraillinealsorunsalongVirginiaAveSWandcrossesov

oneblockfromthesite,attheintersecti

ccesstothishighwayisprovidedviaano

onof3

nrampat2

Street.

erI‐395twoblockstothesouth.Finally,severalsurfacelots

andDStreets,

and

theMall.TheU.S.CapitolBuilding,locatedtwoblocksnortheastofFOB8,alsofunctionsasacivicandculturalinstitutionand

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 37

parkingstructuresarelocatedwithinthevicinityofFOB8.

3.2.2

Zoning

PlanningControlsandPolicies

federalpropertyareunderthep

Asafederally‐ownedproperty,FOB8isnotsubjecttoDCzonin

urviewofNCPC,pursuanttotheDistrictofC

gregulations.Instead,newdesign

Stat.802andDCST§6‐641.15).Inaccordancewiththe

olumbiaZoningEnabling

andr

enovatio

ctof1938

nprojectson

Act,NCPChasapprovalauthorityforuse,openspace,height,and

(ch.534,52

Com

The

prehensivePlanfo

bulk,forprojectsonfe

rtheNation

deralproper

al

ty.

Capital(2004)

planningoffede

ComprehensivePlan

ralfaciliti

for

esi

the

nWa

NationalCapital,Federal

shington,DC.ThePlanis

Elementsistheprincipalplanningtool

growthanddevelopmentintheNation’sCapital.Therearetwoelementsthatareofparticularrelevancetothepro

comprisedofgoals,objectives,andpoliciesintendedtoguide

usedbyNCPCtoguidethe

perimetersecurityprojectatFOB8,theFederalWorkplaceElementandthePreservationandHistoricFeaturesElement.

posed

thefede

TheFedera

ralworkforcetoenhancet

lWorkplaceElementstatesthatit

heefficienc

is

y,productiv

thegoalof

ity,

thefederal

andpublicimageof

governmen

thefede

tintheN

ral

ationalCapital

economicwell‐beingandexpande

government;tostrengthenthe

Regionto:“Locate

theDistri

addresspe

cto

rimetersecuritya

fColumbiaasthe

ndinc

seatofthenationalgovern

mploymentopportunit

ment

iesofthe

.”This

regionandth

elementout

localitiest

inespolicie

herein;andtogivee

sinsupportofthisgoalthat

mphasisto

•

ludethefollowing:

DesignsuchimprovementsinaccordancewithguidanceincludedinTheNationalCapitalUrbanDesignandSecurity

Plan(andrelatedpolicies).

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



•

excess

mannertha

ively

restri

:enhancesa

ctorimpedeoperation

ndbeautifiesthepublicrealm,resultin

impactthehealthofexi

aluseofsidewalksorpedest

ginco

•

stingmaturetrees.

heren

an,han

tand

dicap

welcomingstreetscapes;doesnot

,orvehicularmobility;anddoesnot

•

securityw

Designproj

ectsina

htheneedt

mannerthat

oenhanceandmain

doesnotimpe

tainthevitalityof

decommerceand

urbanareas.

economicvitality,butbalancestheneedforperimeter

•

Designsecuritybarr

locatedandthatrespe

ierlinesa

ctthehistor

ndel

ementst

ccontextof

hat

theareawhen

complementandenha

applicable.

ncethecharacteroftheareainwhichtheywillbe

•

Designs

minimizet

ecurity

hesizeof

elemen

sec

tstorespon

urityelementswhenp

dtosite‐sp

ossible.

ecificconditions,suchasvehicleapproachspeedandangles,inorderto



Placesecurityelementsinthebuildingyard,ratherthaninpublicspacewherepossible.

ThePr

theimage

eser

vation

didenti

and

ty

ofthenation

istoricFeaturesElementstatest

’scapitalandregionthrou

hatitisthe

ghdesignanddeve

goalofthefedera

lopmentth

lgovern

mentto:“Preservea

principlesoftheL’EnfantandMcMillanPlans,theenduringval

isrespectfuloftheguiding

ndenhance

following:

ofthecapital’ssetting.”Policiesinsupportofthisgoalthatar

ueofhistoricbuildingsandpla

eapplicabletotheFOB8exteriorimprovementsincludethe

ces,andthesymboliccharacter

•

image.

Protectandenhancethevistasandviews,bothnaturalanddesigned,thatareanintegralpartofthenationalcapital’s

•

views,andprincipleso

Promotecontinuityint

theL’Enfa

ehistoric

desig

tPlan.

nframeworkofthenation’scapitalbyprotectingandenhancingtheelements,

Protectthe

thehistoricc

settingsof

haractero

historicpro

NationalCapitalUrbanDesignandSecurity

fthepropert



y.

perties,includingviewstoandfromthesiteswheresignificant,asintegralpartsof

Plan(2002)and

NCPC’s

Urban

(adoptedMay

DesignandSecurityPlanPoliciesandObjectives(2005)

Nati

requiremen

onal

tsoffedera

Capital

lagenc

UrbanDesi

iesw

gnand

iththen

Secu

eed

rityPlan

toprotectthehistoricurbanfabricofWashingt

5,2005)seekstobalancethesecurityneedsand

on,DC.ThePlanholdsthat

Incorporatesecurityneedsintothedesignofbuildings,streetscapes,andlandscapesusingurbandesignprincipalsina

3 ‐ 38 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



securityelementsforfederalbuildingsshouldbeenhancedinamannerthatdoesnotcompromisethevitalityandfunctionof

thePlanest

thepublicrealm,beit

ablishesas

pedestrian

eriesofgoa

circulation,

ls.Thesegoalsareasfoll

vehicularmobil

ows:

ity,commerce,ortheaestheticexperienceofvisitors.Tothisend,

•

Provideap

byunautho

propriat

rizedvehiclesappr

elevelsofperi

oach

meterse

ingorent

curityfor

eringthem.

sensitivebuildingsandtheiroccupantsagainstthreatsgenerated

•

Provid

rathert

esec

han

asasepa

rityinthe

rat

context

eorred

undantsys

acity‐widep

tem

rogramofstreetscapee

ofcomponentswhoseo

nhancementandpub

nlypurposeissecurity.

licrealmbeautification,

•

Expandthepaletteofeleme

endlesslinesofjerseybarriers

ntst

orb

hatcangracefullyprovid

ollards,whichonlyinvoke

eperi

defens

eter

veness.

standoff security, avoiding the monotony of

Produceac

giventoach

ievingae

herentstr

sthe

ategyfor

ticcont

deployingspecificfamiliesofstreetscapeandsecurityelementsinwhichpriority

•

needsofaparticularbuildingu

inuityalongstreets,andw

nderthejurisdictionofonepu

ithinareas,ra

blicagency.

therthansolutionsselectedsolelybythe

is

Provideperimeter

mobility,oroperation

securityin

aluseof

amannerthatdoesnotimpedet

sidewalkswithintheMonumental

heCity'scommerce

Coreordowntown.

andvitality,pedestrianorvehicular

Ino

These

rderto

solutions

achieve

include

these

such p

goals,theP

hysical

lanoffers

elements

a

as

var

“har

ietyofdesignelementsthatcanbeusedinperimetersecurityprojects.

plinthwalls,bol

measures.Poten

lards,largero

tialsecurityme

dlinearplanters

uresshouldbedes

with

igne

seatin

dened”

g,

r f

icycle r

ortified st

acks,

reet

and

furniture

curbside

,

hedges

planters,



ith e

and fences

dtobeappliedinavarietyofdifferentcontextsandways

mbedd

,

ed

low

security

stone

tomeetthe



specificsecuritya

The

inte

Urban

ndedto

Design

and

dd



esign

Security

needsofeachparticulardowntownarea.

vehicularandpedestriancontrol

beusedtoguidefeder

Plan

alagenc

Policies

ies

and

s,andtheplace

whenev

mentand

Objectives

aluating,

design

plann

ofp

wasadoptedin2005

ysicalsecurity

toclarifyiss

elements.

uesrelated

Theobjectivesandpo

tocontextualdesign,

ng,anddesigningproposedperimetersecurit

liciesar

yprojects.

e



•

Thepoliciesandobjectivesincludethefollowing:

Strikeabalancebetweenphysicalperimetersecurityforfederalbuildingsandthevitalityofthepublicrealm.

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 39

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



•

structuralengineerin

information,operationalandpro

g,windowglazing,emergencyegress,andp

ceduralmeasures(suchassurveilla

hysica

nceandscreening),an

lperimeterbarriers).

d



designstrategies(suchas

•

Intellige

borneexplosives.

nceinformation,operationalcontrols,andphysicaldesignmeasuresshouldbeusedtoprotectagainstvehicle‐

•

Theplacementofphysicalsecuritybarriersinpublicspaceisdiscouragedandshouldbeminimized.

Forexisti

thes

faceof

the

ensitivebuildingt

buildingtotheouts

othe

buildingsinurbanareas,perimet

outsideedge

ersecurity

ofthebuild

barri

ingyardis

ersshouldbelocatedwithin

aminimumof20feet.If

thebuildingyardwhenthe

•

permittedinpublicspaceadjacen

ide

edgeofthe

tothebuilding.

buildingyardislessthan20feet,thenperimeters

thedis

ecurity

tancefromthe

barriersmaybe

Perimeterse

ed;barriers

curitybarriers

thatar

ati

•

beminimiz

movement.

ntersections,cornersandnear

neededshouldbelocatedtoallowsafepedestrianwaiting

crosswalksorotherhighlyu

areasandpedestria

sedpedestrianareas

n

should

Thedesign

landscapec

ontextin

fsecurity

•

associat

barriers,

hichtheyarelocatedan

includingtheirmass,formand

dcomplementandaestheticallyenhan

materialsshouldrespondtothearchitecturaland

edbuildingandprecinct.

cethespecialcharacterofthe

Perimetersecuritybarriersinp

benches,parkingmeters,trashreceptaclesan

ublicspaceshouldincorporated

dotherelementsa

ndp

corativet

ublicamenitiestypic

reewells,plante

allyfoundinastre

rs,lightpoles,signage,

NationalCapitalFrameworkPlan(2008)

etscape.

TheNationalCapitalFramework

andtheU.S.CommissionofFineA

Plan,releasedinthesu

rts(CFA).ThePlanservesasat

mmerof2008,isthe

ooltoguidestrategicdecisi

resultofajointplanningeffortbetweenNCP

onstocoordinatefederaland

C

goalsofthePlanareto:Planf

localinterests,identifyingopportunitiestocoordinatelan

orthefutureneedsofthefede

du

ralgover

se,urbandesign,andtransportationimprovements.Theprincipal

theNation

publicgatheringspaces,andfed

alMallandprotectitfromoverbuilding;

eralofficesinawaythatcont

andextendthesp

ributest

ment,includingspacefornewmemorials,museums,

ecialcivic

sustainab

qualitiesof

lecitylife;

preser

eNation

vethehistoricop

alMallandthevital

ensp

ity

aceof

Encourageamulti‐facetedapproachtoselectionofappropriatesecuritymeasuresthatconsidersintelligence

andvibrancyofthecityintotheadjacentfederalprecincts.

3 ‐ 40 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



Inordertoaccomplishthesegoals,thePlanidentifiesfourmajorprecinctsadjacenttotheNationalMallwhicharetobethe

Triangle,

focusforfutureculturalattractionsandgovernmentoffices.Thefour

precinctsinordertomeett

theSouthwestRectangl

hefutureneedsofthefederalgove

e,andEastPotomacPark.The

rnment

Framew

precinc

orkPl

ts

e

re:

xamin

theNorthwestRectangle,Federal

realm.

,whilealso

protectingth

sopportunitie

ecity’sope

stoenh

nspacean

ancethese

dpublic

AsidentifiedwithinthePlan,theSouthwestRectangleprecinctgenerallystretchesfromJeffersonDrive,SWonthenorthto

Freeway

Rectangle

on



totran

theeast

theSoutheastFreewayandthe10thStreetOverlookonthesouth,andfrom15thStreet,SWonthewesttotheCenterLeg

throughimprovedcon

sfor

nectionsbet

mitfromaster

.FOB8islocatedattheeastendofthisarea.ThePlanstatesthattheprimaryobjectivefortheSouthwest

andtheJeffersonMemorial.Specifi

weentheS

ileofficeprecinctt

mithsonian



astle

adesira

and

bleworkplace,culturalvenue,andvisitordestination

•

cstrategiestoachievethisobjectiveincludethefollowing:

theSouthwestwaterfront,andbetweentheU.S.Capitol

•

NationalMallandthe

Establish10thStreet,SWandtheO

Southwestwaterfront;

verlookasalivelymixed‐usecorridorandpremierculturaldestinationtoconnectthe

•

EstablishMarylandAvenue,SWasagrandurbanboulevardtolinktheU.S.CapitoltotheJeffersonMemorial;

Createnewplacesformuseums,offices,shops,andresidencestoincreasethemixofuseswithintheprecinct;and

BridgethePotomacRiverandrestorethestreetgridtoimprovemobility.

TreeRemovalPermit

TheUrban

removalofstreettr

ForestryAd

ees.

et

inist

seq.

rat

Specifically

ion,underthe

),establisheda

,theUrban

Distr

OfficialCode8‐6501.01

ForestPr

nurbanfor

serv

ictDepartmen

ation

tofTransportatio

Actof2002,effectiveJ

n(DDOT),requirespermitsforthe

priortotheremovalofatreewithacircumferenceof55inche

stpreservationprogramrequirin

Forestry

sormore.Ifatreeremovalp

gaSpecialT

une12,2003(D.C.Law14‐309;D.

reeRemovalPermit

C.

Administrationwillrequirethereplacementoflosttreesbasedoncaliper,eitheronthesiteor

ermitisapproved,theUrban

inacomparablearea.

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 41

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



3.2.3

TheDistrict

PublicSpace

ofColumbiaDepartmentofTransportation,PublicSpaceManagement

TheDistrict

thepublicspace.Accor

DepartmentofTra

dingtoD

astreet

portation(DDOT)hasmanagementandoversightresponsibilityfortheuseandoccupancyof

thewalksandcurblinea

ndincludes,butisnotlim

itedto,the

T,publicspaceisdefinedasallthepubliclyownedproperty

roundFOB8areconsider

roadway,tree

edtobepublicspa

spaces,sidewalks,

ceunderthejurisdictionofDDOT.

andalleys.Thesidewalksandtheareabetw

betweenthepropertylineson

een

DDOTencouragesthat

buildings,notonsidewalks,cur

securityperimet

bs,gutters,str

ersbeestablished

eets,orpublic

withinpriv

alleys.Intheeventthatperimeters

ately‐ownedspaceorfeder

ecurity

alpublicspaceadjacentto

closerthan

withinpublicspace,aPublicSp

twofeetfromthecurblineandneitherblockpedes

acePermitmustbeobtainedfro

triantrafficflowfr

mDDOT.Further,

omthecurb

DDOTrequiresthatperi

elementsa

meterbarr

repro

iersbeno

posed

linetothesidewalk,norpresent

unreasonablebarrierstopedestrianstravelingwithinthesidewalk.

GSA:AchievingGreatFederalPublicSpaces

Federal

AlthoughnotdirectlyrelatedtoDDOT’spublic

Guide

spacepolicyandreview,GSAhaspublishedguidelinestitled

andimprov

Public

spacesshould:

Spaces:A

epublicspacesandt

Property

Manager’s

ansformfederalspacesintociv

.Thispublicationwasreleased

icplaces.Accordingtothisguide,GSA

in2007aspartofGSA’

seffo

uildingsa

stoe

hievingGreat

ndpublic



valuate

•

Reflectthedignityandaccessibilityofgovernment;

•

Besecureandwelcoming;

•

Improvetenantsatisfactionandbuildingrevenue;

Provideaforumfortenantactivityandpublicuse;and

Actasacatalystfordowntownrevitalization.

partne

Theguidep

rship

resentsan

swithcommunities,

overallstrategyf

tobetterma

orimp

nagement

rovement

pr

fafac

ctices.It

ility’

recognizesakeychallen

spublicspaces,fromphysicalenh

getobetheneedt

ancements

oinc

to

rease

securityatfederalfacilitieswhileprovidingwelcomingpublicspaces.

3 ‐ 42 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



3.3

Thestudyareafo

NATURAL

rtheinven

RESOURCES

asborderedbyC,D,2

nd rd

tory

Streets,SW.Inpreparingthis

andanalysisofphysicalandb

Survey(USGS)mapping,aeri

,and3

alphotos,localcomprehensiveandl

analysis,thefollowingr

iologicalresourceshasbeen

esourceswer

defineda

er

s

eviewed:

theareaar

oundFOB8

S.Geological

databases,conceptualdesigndrawings,scientificliterature,governmentreports,otherpre

anduseplans,GeographicInformat

viousstud

ies,agencyc

nSystem(GIS)

omments,

andothermaterialsasneeded.SitevisitstothegroundsaroundFOB8werealsoconducted.

3.3.1

Vegetationa

Vegetation

Thevegetationconsistsentirely

roundFOB8wasinve

of

Taxus

ntoriedthroughsitere

streetscapeplantingsandm

connaiss

theseplantingsconsistofyews( sp.),creepingjuniper(Juniperushorizo

Buxux

odestlandscaping

ncludeboxwood,crepemyrtle,j

Malus

building.AlongCStreet,SW,

ntalis

anceandareviewofthe

adjacentthe

mostrecentsurveydraftedin2006.

andtwolar eoaktr

),andcrepemyrtle(

SW.AlongDStreet,SW,shrubsi

eesatthecurbline.Boxwoods(

unipers(

Lagerstroemia



Juniperus

sp.)andfloweringcherries(

sp.),holly(Ilexsp.),andabelia(

sp.)areplantedalong2

indica

Street,

)

)withsomeyarrow( sp.)plantedaswell.Scarletoaks(

(

grandiflora Achillea Quercus

bicolor

Magnolia

Streettreesalong3

Str

sp.)atthebuilding’snorthwes

eetincludeswampwhiteoaks(

tcorner(Figure3

Quercus

Acerjaponica

‐23).Additio

),whiteoak(Q.

)arepresen alongthest

Abelia

coccinea

alba

t reet.

nalplantingsalong3

),scarletoaks,andalargemagnolia

andJapanesemaples( ).



Street,SWincludecrepemyrtle,

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 43

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



Figure323:MagnoliaatthecornerofCand3

Streets,SW

Source:EDAW,2008

3 ‐ 44 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



3.3.2Wa

TheDistri

rResources

ofColumbiaDepartmentofHealth(DDOH)

administer

theU.S.Envi

ronmental

rogramscreate

Protecti

dbyt

onA

heFederal

gency(EP

aterP

)regulate

waterr

aterQualityDivision,theDDOHWatershedProtectionDivision,and

thefederalWaterQualityActof1987,anda1984amendm

ollutionCon

esourcesandwaterpollutionintheDistrict.Together,they

entto

hefederalResourceCon

lActof1972(commonl

servat

yknownastheCleanWaterAct),

ionandRecoveryAct(RCRA).

ecosystems

implements

Inaddition,

theWaterQ

theWaterQualityDi

ualityStandardsforSurfaceWa

visionadministersprogramsen

ter.Build

actedbytheWaterPollution

ingconstructionandusecanaffectwaterqualit

ControlActof1948

y

and

byalteringthedomin

andaquatic

contributingpollutantsandparticulatestodownstreamsurface

anthydrodynamics(i.e.,thevo

lumeandtim

terbodies.

ingofflows),increasingwatertemperature,and

Therearenosurfacew

streetcurbandguttersystemfo

aterbodies

rdi

inthevicinityofFOB8.All

schargetotheDCWaterandSewerAuthority(

stormwaterdrainagemovesove

DCWASA)sto

rlandintoareadrainsorthe

floodplainmappingproducedbytheFederalEmergencyManagementAgency(FEMA)hasindicatedthatifthecurrentlevee

rmsewersystem.Preliminary

expect

systemis

edto

notupdated,t

commencein2009.Asaresult,iti

heFOB8sitewouldbewithin

sunlikelyt

the

hat

100‐yearfl

FOB8willbelocatedwithi

oodplain.Constructionofthenewleveesy

nthe100‐yearfloodplain.

stemis

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 45

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



3.4 TRANSPORTATION

3.4.1

Thetransportati

Vehicular

onnet

Circulation

workinthevicini

borderedbyfourlocalroadways,CStreet,S

tyo

Winthenorth,3

fFOB8includesbo

Street,SWinthe

thlocalroadwaysandafederalhighway.

west,DStreet,SWinthesouth,and2

TheFOB8siteis

Street,

SWintheeast.Interstate395(I‐395)islocatedimmediatelyeastof2

Street,SW.

CStreet,SW

east‐wes

includeintermediary

CStreetisclassifiedas

streetsthat

acollectorroadwayaccordingtoDDOT’sroadwayclassificationsystem.Collectorroadways

t,withonetr

this,theroadwayturns

avellaneine

tothenorth

achdirect

funnelvehicu

ion.Theroa

lartrafficfrom

dwayisint

localstr

erruptedat2

eetstoarterialstr

easttowardstheU.S.CapitolBuilding.AdjacenttoF

Street,SW

eetsandback.CStreetruns

OB8,meteredparkingis

,byasmallpark.Beyond

providedo

parking.Acc

nbothsidesoftheroa

ordingtoDDOT,theaverage

dwaymosttimesoftheday;ho

weekdayvolumeontheportionof

wever,theportioneastof3

theroadwayadj

acentt

Streetprovidesno

oFOB8was5,500

vehiclesin2007.Thepostedspeedlimitis25mph.

2

Street,SW

leftturnonlylanethatp

AsitpassestheFOB8site,2

rovidesac

Street,SWisao

cesstoI‐395,andtherigh

ne‐way,two‐la

tlaneisbothaleftturnandthrou

neroadwaythatrunssouthbound.Thelefthandlanei

toI‐395.AccordingtoDDOT,2

Streetisclassifiedasalocalroadway.Parkingisprovidedalongthewestsid

ghlane,providingacc

sa

eofthe

ess

roadway.Thepostedspeedlimitis25mph.

intersectionof2

TruckaccesstoFOB8isalsoprovidedvia2

Street,SW.Aguardstationislocatedoffof2

andCStreets.Asecureram

Street,nearthe

deliveries,aswellastosecureparkingbelow.

pslopingdownwardfromeasttowestprovidesaccessforserviceand



3 ‐ 46 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



DStreet,SW

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 47

trav

DStreet,S

ellane.

Themajorityofits

borderstheFOB8sitetothesouth.Thislocalro

usersarefederalworkersacce

adway

ssingthe

isonedirec

buildingsinthe

tionalandp

immediatear

rovideson

ea.Parkingis

eeastbound

providedonbothsidesoftheroadway.Thepostedspeedlimitis25mph.

3

Street,SW

twotrav

TheDistrict

ellanesi

classifies3

a.m.and4:00–6:30p.

nthenorth‐southdirection

Street,SWasacollectorstree

duringoff‐peaktimes,andfourtrav

t.Asitpassesthewestern

sideofFOB8,3

Street,SWprovides

m.).Twolanesofparkingareprovidedduringoff‐peakhourswhe

llanesduringpeakhours(7:00–9:30

purposes.AccordingtoDDOT,theaverageweekdayvolumein2007on3

Streetadjacentto

nnotinusefortravel

FOB8was6,600vehicles.

Thepostedspeedlimitis25mph.

Interstate395

Locateddirectlyeastof2

southboundon‐ramplocatedat2

Street,

nd

andDStreets,SWand

SW,I‐395carriesalarge

anoff‐ra

proportio

nofthedailytraf

locatedtothenortheastonWashingtonAvenue

ficintoandoutoftheDistrict.A

accommodatetraveltoandfromtheFOB8site.AccordingtoDDOT,theaverageweekdayvolumeonI‐395was

107,000in2007.Thepostedspeedlimitis55mph.

Park

3.4.2

ing

Parking

andgarage

isprovidedwi

parking.At

hinandaro

talof38meteredpark

undtheFOB8siteint

ingspaces,

hefor

and3

mofmeteredparkingspaces,permitparking,at‐gr

FOB8.OnCStreet,SWthereareeightmeteredspacesoneachsideoftheroadw

5permitspaces,a

ay.Ont

reprovi

hen

dedalongtheroadwayst

adeparking

hatborder

,

Street,S

notallowed

between7:00and9:30

thereareeightmeter

a.m.Onthesouthsideofthe

edspacesonthewestsideofthestreet.Ther

street,parkingis

eare

restrictedb

orthsideofthestr

etween4:00and

eet,parkingis

6:30p.m.On



allowedontheeastsideof2

Street.OnDStreet,SW,thereare18parkingsp

nopeakhourrestrictions.Parkingisnot

thenorthsideofthestreet.Similarly,thereare17permitspacesonthesouthsideofthestr

acesreserved

eet.Therear

forlocalgovernmentw

esevenmetered

orkerson

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



parkingspacesoneachoftheeastandwestsidesof3

Street,SW.Themeteredspacespermitpublicparkingfortwohour

incrementsandfollowtheDCguidelinesforaccessibleparkingspaces.

Anat‐gr

garage

motorbikeparkingspa

adeparkinglot

ldingprovidesf

withinthebuilding.The

es.Thesespacesserve

locatedontheCStreetsideofthebui orty‐eightautom

garageisaccessibleviaanentranc

demployeesatFOB

e

8.

on2

Fifty‐ninea

Street.

ddition

Aguardstat

alspacesarelocated

obileparkingspacesand15

inabelow‐grade

andexitingbothlots.DuetothefactthatFOB8isvacant,utilizationoftheselotsisminimal.

ionmonitorsvehiclesentering

severalmanagedandprivatelyo

Additionalparkingthroughoutth

perat

estudyar

edparkingg

eaisav

arag

ailableinth

es.Theclo

eformofmeteredspacesalo

sestgaragestotheFOB8siteareloc

nglocalroadwaysaswellas

atedonVirginiaAvenue

3 ‐ 48 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

and4

Street,bothmanagedandoperatedbyColonialParking.

3.4.3 PublicTransit

Metrorail

TheFOB8siteisaccess

FederalCenterSWstationisloc

edbytheFederalCenterSWMetrorails

atedoneblockfromFOB8along

tation

DStreet,neartheint

,whichisservedbythe

ersectionofDand2

BlueandOrangelines.The

servedbytheBlueandOrangelines,theCapitolSouthMetrorai

Streets,SW.Also

FOB8.Althoughnotaccessiblebyeitheroftheselines,UnionStatio

lStat

n,oneof

ionislocat

theregion’sm

edapproximatelysixblockstotheso

ostsignificantintermodal

utheastof

transportationterminals,iseasilyaccessibleviaMetrorail(Redline)andMetrobus.

Metrobus

site,whil

pointfor

Thesecondmajorcomponento

theMetrobus,servedby

fth

nearly100

epublictransitsystem

Metrobusroutes.T

servingthestudyareaisWMATA’sMetrobus.Ward2isthefocal

etheP6lin

northofthesite,connectingth

ehasstopsonCStreet,S

isportionofSo

Wadjacenttot

uthwestwithCa

hesite.



thewest

pitolHilltotheeas

Numerouslinesr

heP1andP2linesrunalong3

unalongIndependence

Street,SWadjacenttothe

tandtheMa

Aven

llandPennsylvaniaAvenueto

ue,oneblock

andnorth.

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



3.4.4 PedestrianandBicycleCirculation

PedestrianactivityinthevicinityoftheFOB8siteisgenerallylight,withthemajorityofpedestrianconsistingoffederal

workersinthesurroundingofficebuildings.Thehighestlevelsofpedestrianactivityoccurduringthea.m.andp.m.peak

asthefro

thataccessedthemainentranceandonethatborderedtheroadw

hours,andduringlunchtime.WhenFOB8wasoccupied,therewe

ay.Thesidewalkclosesttothe

retwosidewalksalongtheCStreetsideofthebuilding,on

buildingiscurrentlyclosed,

e

butisdifficulttonavigatedue

ntofthebuildingand

tothebelow‐gradeparkingarea

toit

(Figure3‐24

schangingwidths.Itis

feetwid

).Sidewalks



thesurfaceparkinglotareco

substantial

ntained

withina

ynarrowe

fence.Theoutersidewalkremainsoperational,

on2

,D,and3

rattheeas

e.

Streets,SWarerelatively

tendoftheblockduetotheramp

narrow,between5and8

routeconnectstoitseast‐westpa

AccordingtoDDOT’sBicycleMap,

thalongIStreetinthesout

theclosestdesignatedbicycleroutetotheFOB8siteisalo

handupnorthtotheNationalM

ng4

Street.Thissignedbike

signedbicyclepathsalongtheroadwaysimmediatelysurroundingthesite.

all.Therearenodesignatedor



AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 49

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



Figure324:NarrowsidewalkattheeastendofCStreet,SWwithFOB8ontheleft

Source:EDAW,2008

3 ‐ 50 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



3.5 UTILITIES/INFRASTRUCTURE

3.5.1 SiteUtilities

Thefollowingutilityinformationisbasedona2006utilityplancompiledbyA.MortonThomasandAssociates,Inc.(AMT).

Water

WaterserviceissuppliedtoFOB8bytheDCWaterandSewerAuthority(WAS

crossesthesidewalka

roadwayssurroundingthesite.Waterlinescro

ndentersthebuildingatthenorthendo

ssthesidewalko

ftheblockalong3

nDStreets,entering

A).Eightin

thebuildi

chwater

ngatmid‐block.Anotherline

linesarelocatedbelowthe

Street.Anabandonedwaterlineisalso

locatednearthesoutheastcornerofthesite,withinthe2 Streetright‐of‐way(ROW).

SanitarySewer

WASAprovideswa

collectedandtransportedfortre

stewatermanagementfor

atmentatWASA’sBluePlainsWas

DC,includingthecollection,tre

tewaterTr

atment,anddi

eatmentPlant.T

scha

reated

rgeof

discharged

effluent.Se

ffluentisthen

wageis

intothePotomacRiver.

tunneltotheFordBuildinganda

A24inch(610mm)sewerlineru

infurthere

belowDStreet,cros

astonDStreet.

singthesid

Another24

ewalkandenteringthe

inch(610mm)lin

eislocatedwithin

uildingneartheped

the3

estrian

ROW.A15inch(381mm)sewerlinerunssouthalong2

Street,enteringFOB8atthebuildingsnortheastcorner.Ina

Street

ddition,

manholesincludeoneonthesout

severalstormsewermanholesare

heastcornerofthebuildingal

locatedontheperipheryofthes

ong

e,alongthe

ecurb,threealong

curbline.Th

eidentifiedlocationsofthe

the2 Streetcurbline,oneinthe

northeastcorner,andtwoalong3 Streetnearthefrontofthebuilding.

Electric

Electricserviceisprovidedto

Streetcurb/gutterline.Smaller

feederlinesrunalongtheper

ebuildingbyPEPCO.Themainlin

imeter

esarelocated

ofthebuildinga

withinthe3

ndbelowadjacentsidewalks.

StreetROWandalo



ngthe3



AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 51

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



Steam

3 ‐ 52 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

HeatingPlan

TheFOB8buildingis

t),whichisoperate

heatedbys

d

andowned

eamprovidedbytheHeatingO

byGSA.Themainst

perationandTransmissionDistric

eamlineservingthesiteislocatedwithinthe3

t(SteamDistr

S

ibutionand

treetROW

andentersthebuildingfromthewest,crossingbelowthesidewalknearthepedestriantunneltotheSwitzerBuilding.

Communications

According

systemalongDStreet,enteringa

tothesurveyconductedbyAMTin2006,f

ndleavingthesouthwalloft

iberopticlines

hemetro

were

vent.Additionalfiberopticlineswere

notlocatablebutarebelievedtoexistwi

found

thina

tobe

duct

locatedoutsideofthecurblinealongCStreet.TelephonelinesrunbelowthesidewalkonDStreet.

Other

twoalong3

Streetlamppostsarelocatedalongtheperimeterofthesite,threealongDStreet,twoalong2

Street.Anadditionalsixlamppostsarelocatedalongtheat‐gradeparkinglotonCStr



Street,

eet.

threealong

Becausethemetro

CStreet,and

tunnelislocatedimmediatelytothesouthofthesite,severalmetroventsarelocatedalongDStreet.

3.5.2 Stormwater

Typicaloftheurbanenvironment

Management

generalareahavebeenaltereda

throughouttheDistrict,thenatur

collectedinstormdrainsandcombinedsewerli

saresultofurbanization.Stor

neslocatedalon

mwate

gthepe

rwithinthe

alstormwater

area

drainagep

ripheryofthesit

drains

e,as

awayfr

atternsoft

omthe

hesite

notedintheUti

buildi

and

ngandi

withint

s

he

Combinedsewerlinesthatconveybothstormwaterandsanitarysewagearelocatedalongtheperimeterofthesit

litiess

e.

ection.

sewerover

StormwateristreatedattheBluePl

flows(CSOs)maybereleaseddir

ainsWastewaterTreatmentPlant.However,underextremestormwaterevents,combined



stormwatermanagementinDCistheStormwaterMa

ectlyintoth

nag

e

Potoma

mentSectio

cRiver,impactingwat

noftheDepartmentofConsu

erquality.Th

mer

egoverningbodyfor

andRegulatoryAffairs.



FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



3.5.3 HazardousMaterials

Duetotheageofthebuildinga

a

1998‐1999,a

PhaseIEnvironmentalSiteAssessment

the

FinalEnvironmental

ndp

Hazards

hazardoussubstancesatFOB8.Thesestudiesi

Report

ncludea

rioruses,severalenvironmentalst

Chemical

udieshave

Decommission

beencompletedt

ingReport

oassesspotential

FlyAsh

PCBs(inelectricalfixtu

ContaminationSamplingReport EnvironmentalConditionsReport

(Phase1ESA)undertakenin

Environmental

thesesubstancesa

Con

reb

ditionsReport

final

completedin2

documented

izedin20

thepr

esence

7,andan

003,a

released

completedin2005,

res)inthe

ofasbestoscontainingmaterials(ACMs

in2008.Although

eingremediatedduringtherenovationprocess,asepara

building,itisunlikelythatsuchsubstancesar

teactio

epresento

nfro

tsideofthestructure.Inad

),leadbasedpaint,a

dition,

nd

andmetalsofinterestabovethe

EA.The2007samplingofflyash

limitofdetection.Thisconta

atFOB8establishedtheprese

minationisduetothepriorope

nceofdioxinsandfurans,Polyn

whatisbeing

uclearAromaticH

analyz

edinthis

drocarbons,

incineratorsystembytheFDA.Itispossiblethatthesematerialsarepresentinthesoilimmediatelysurr

rationofabiologicalwaste

duetotheventilationofthesystemthroughastackontheroof.

oundingthebuilding,

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 53

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS



3.6 AIRQUALITY

InresponsetotheCleanAirAct(CAA)of1970andthe

monoxide(CO),ozone(O

Agency(EPA)hasestablishedNat

),nitrogendioxide(NO

),sulfurdioxid

ionalAmbientAirQualityStand

CAAAmendmentsof1977and1990,theU.S.EnvironmentalProtection

micronsinsize(PM

),andfineparticulatemattereq

e(SO

),lead(P

ards(NAAQS)forcriteriaairpollutantsincludingcarbon

ualtoorlessthan2.5micronsinsize(PM

2.5

b),particulatemattere

).TheNAAQSinclude

qualtoorlessthan10

primarystandardsdesignedtoprotecthumanhealthandsecondarystandardstoprotectpublicwelfare.

attainmentareasareclassified

Regionsofthecountrythatare

as“

curr

ently

argin

n

otmeetingt

l”,“moderate”,

heNAAQSareidentifiedas“nonattainment”areas.Thesenon‐

qualityreg

asmoderat

enon‐attainmentfort

on,whichincludesWashington,DCandtensu

“ser

rroundi

ious”,“severe”,or“extreme”.T

ngcountiesinVirginiaandMaryland,

heMetropolitanWashingtonair

hefederaleight‐hourozonestandardandnon‐atta

iscurrentlydesignated

standa

WashingtonAirQualit

rd.TheWashingtonDCmetr

yCommittee

opolitana

(MWAQC)

reaisalsolocatedw

,astheregion’slead

ithinanozonetransportr

inmentf

egion.T

orthefin

he

e

particulate(PM

2.5

)

tobringtheregionintocompliancewiththeNAAQS.

airqualityplanningagency,hasundertakenpl

etropolitan

anningefforts

TheEPArequiresthatnon‐attainmentregio

agenc

nspreparea

determineiftheactioneitherco

toreachcompliancewiththeNAAQS.Federal

nformstotheprepared

iesr

tta

esponsib

inment

leforanactioninanon‐at

plansaimedatreducingozone

tainmentareaar

‐causingemi

erequiredto

ssionsinorder

directandi

determined

deminimis

thatfedera

ndirectemissionsof

lactionsar

egiona

no

eexemptfr

‐attainmentpollutants:(1)

mconformitydeterminationswherethet

lattainmentplanorisexempt

otalofallreasonablyforeseeable

fromconformity.TheEPAhas

knownas

conformitydeminimis

lim

limitsforozonenona

its,and(2)wouldbelessthan10percentofthearea’san

wouldbelessthantheirspecifiedemissionratethr

nualemissionbudget.Thegeneral

esholds,

is100

organicco

tonsperyear.

mpounds(VOC)and100tonspery

ttai

ear

nmentareasinsi

fornitrogenoxid

deanozonetra

es(NOx).The

de

sportreg

minimis

ionare

limitford

50to

irect

nsperyear

emissionsofPM

forvolatil

2.5



3 ‐ 54 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT

FOB 8  EXTERIORIMPROVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT



3.7

Noisecanbe

NOISE

gen

LEVELS

logarithmicscale,that

erally

arew

defineda

eight

sunwantedorunwelcomesound.Noiselevelsareusuallymeasuredindecibels(dB),ona

asanaverageoveraperiodoft

decibelsaccountforthefactthatthehumanea

edtosoundsperceiv

risnotequally

ablebyt

sensitive

hehumanear(A‐

toallfrequencies.No

weightedsou

iselevelsar

ndlevel(dBA)).A‐w

etypicallyexpr

eighted

operationoroccurrence.

ime(Leq)sincenoisesourcesmayproducevaryingdegreesofsoundthroughouttheperiodof

essed

Noiseregulations

property,basedont

intheDistr

imeofdayan

ictes

dlandusecategory(i.e.,resid

tablishmaximumpermissible

ential

soundlevelsforanoperation,activity,ornoisesourceona

Thereareexceptionstothemaxi

commercial,suchastheprojectsite,haveama

mumallowablenoiselevelsint

ximumallowable

he

nois

DCnoise

elimitof65

noise

ed

ergency

regulationss

dBA(dayti

,commercial,andindustrial).Areasthatarezoned

me)and60dBA(nighttime).

emittingfromem vehicles.From7:00a.m.to7:00

ordemolitionarelimit toamaximumof80dBA.

p.m.onanyweekday,noiselevelsres

chasforconstruction

ultingfrom

activitiesan

constructio



Themaxim

ambientno

ise.Certainlanduses

mallowablenoiselevelsaredesignedtopro

hospitals,nursinghomes,educationalfacilities,andlibraries

areconsideredtobenoise‐se

tecthuma

nsitive

nactivitiesor

receptors,i

landusesth

ncludingresiden

atmaybeinfringedup

tialdwellings,hotels,

onby

potentiallybeclassifiedasanois

.TheNationalMuseumoftheAmericanIndian(NMAI)would

landusesaregenerallynotconside

e‐sensitivere

redtobeno

ceptorbec

isesensitiv

ause

ereceptors.

itservesaneducationalfunction.Commercialandindustrial

prominent

Ambientnoiseleve

vehicletyp

sourceofn

lsat



iseisthev

theprojectsitea

ehiculartra

ndsur

esonthoseadjacent

fficonther

roundingare

oadw

asareprimarilygeneratedbyt

streetscorrespondswiththevolumeofnoisegenerated.

aysadjacenttothesite.Level

ransportationactivity.Themost

buses,furthercontributetothevolumeofnoise.Becausetrafficisthelargestsourceofnoi

Idl

softrafficcongestion

ingvehicles,suchasWMATA

andmixof

periodofthedayisanticipatedtobethepeakhourtrafficperiod.Th

seinthestudyarea,thepeaknoise

pedestriansonthesidewalkssurroundingthesiteandvisitors

tothemuseumsandtheMa

seprimarilyaffectedbythistrafficnoisewo

lloneblocktothenorth.

uldbe

AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3 ‐ 55



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

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