Fillable Directed Reading A Section: Meiosis Skills Worksheet a. (Fairfield County)

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Directed Reading A Section: Meiosis Skills Worksheet a. (Fairfield County)

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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Science and Technology 7 Heredity
Section: Meiosis
______ 1. What are two kinds of reproduction?
a. chromosomes and offspring
b. heredity and genes
c. asexual and sexual
d. mothers and fathers
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
______
2. What is the name for the way cells divide in asexual reproduction?
a. twins
b. mitosis
c. meiosis
d. homologous
3. How many parent cells are needed in asexual reproduction?
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
______
4. When two parent cells join together to form offspring, it is called
a. asexual reproduction.
b. mitosis.
c. sexual reproduction
d. meiosis.
______
5. Parent cells are called
a. sex cells.
b. body cells.
c. homologous cells.
d. allele cells.
______
6. Chromosomes that carry the same sets of genes are called
a. twin chromosomes.
b. homologous chromosomes.
c. ordinary chromosomes.
d. asexual chromosomes.
______
7. How do sex cells differ from other human cells?
a. Sex cells have more chromosomes.
b. Sex cells have half as many chromosomes.
c. Sex cells are larger.
d. Sex cells have 46 pairs of chromosomes.
Name Class Date
Directed Reading A
Skills Worksheet
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Science and Technology 8 Heredity
Name Class Date
Directed Reading A continued
8. Sex cells are made during a process called .
9. In humans, when a new cell is formed from a sperm cell and an egg cell, how
many chromosomes does it have?
10. Walter Sutton’s important observation was that chromosomes of the eggs and
sperm cells are located inside the .
11. Sutton proposed that are located on chromosomes.
12. When a sex cell divides, what is the result?
THE STEPS OF MEIOSIS
Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space
provided.
13. how chromosomes look before meiosis
14. exact duplicate of a chromosome
15. forms around each new cell during meiosis
16. process in which the nucleus divides only once
Put the eight steps of meiosis in order from first to last. Write the appropriate
number in the space provided.
______ 17. The chromosomes separate from their partners and move to opposite
ends of the cell.
______
18. The chromosomes are not copied again between the two cell divisions.
______
19. Four new cells have formed from the original single cell.
______
20. Each chromosome makes an exact copy of itself.
______
21. The chromatids pull apart, and the cells divide.
______
22. The nuclear membrane re-forms, and the cell divides.
______
23. The chromosomes line up at the equator of each cell.
______
24. Similar chromosomes pair with one another.
a. chromatid
b. cell membrane
c. threadlike
d. mitosis
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Science and Technology 9 Heredity
Name Class Date
Directed Reading A continued
25. After meiosis, how many chromosomes does each new cell have?
MEIOSIS AND MENDEL
26. The steps in explain Mendel’s results.
27. When two true-breeding plants are crossed, only one
is possible.
28. The genes that determine sex are found on the .
29. In humans, what kind of sex chromosomes do females have?
30. In humans, what kind of sex chromosomes do males have?
31. Which chromosome from the sperm is necessary to produce a female?
32. Which chromosome from the sperm is necessary to produce a male?
33. Because males have only one X chromosome, what is more likely to happen
to them?
34. Name two sex-linked disorders.
35. To trace a trait through generations of a family, you can use
a(n) .
36. A genetic counselor can often predict if a person is
a(n) of hereditary diseases.
37. People with cystic fibrosis have two alleles.
38. When organisms with desirable characteristics are mated by humans, it is
called .
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Directed Reading A
SECTION: MENDEL AND HIS PEAS
1. The passing of traits from parents to
offspring
2. Answers will vary. Sample answer: I
have brown eyes like my mother.
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. self-pollinating
7. true-breeding
8. cross-pollinate
9. wind, insects
10. Answers will vary. Sample answer:
Self-pollinating was important because
it allowed Mendel to grow
true-breeding plants. Cross-pollination
was important because he could mix
different traits to check results.
11. characteristic
12. traits
13. Answers will vary. Sample answer:
True-breeding plants are important
because he then knew what to expect
if his plants self-pollinated.
14. Answers will vary. Sample answer:
Mendel removed the anthers of one
plant so that the plant could not
self-pollinate. He then did the
cross-pollinating himself.
15. C
16. B
17. A
18. B
19. A
20. C
21. D
SECTION: TRAITS AND INHERITANCE
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. H
8. A
9. B
10. F
11. D
12. C
13. E
14. Pp
15. It will be passed on to the next
generation.
16. PP, Pp, pP
17. Pp, pP
18. C
19. 25%
20. There are only two possibilities for
each trait.
21. incomplete dominance
22. Answers will vary. Sample answer: A
cross between a true-breeding red
snapdragon and a true-breeding white
snapdragon produces pink flowers,
because both alleles of the gene have
some degree of influence.
23. trait
24. environment
SECTION: MEIOSIS
1. C
2. B
3. one
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. meiosis
9. 46
10. nucleus
11. genes
12. Two identical copies of the original
cell are formed.
13. C
14. A
15. B
16. D
17. 3
18. 5
19. 8
20. 1
21. 7
22. 4
23. 6
24. 2
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Science and Technology 91 Heredity
Answer Key
TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE
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Lesson
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25. half the number of chromosomes that
were present in the original cell
26. meiosis
27. genotype
28. sex chromosomes
29. two X chromosomes
30. one X and one Y chromosome
31. the X chromosome
32. the Y chromosome
33. They are more likely to have a
sex-linked disorder.
34. Answers will vary. Sample answer:
color blindness and hemophilia
35. pedigree
36. carrier
37. recessive
38. selective breeding
Directed Reading B
SECTION: MENDEL AND HIS PEAS
1. B
2. B
3. D
4. C
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. B
9. C
10. A
11. dominant
12. recessive
13. D
14. B
15. A
SECTION: TRAITS AND INHERITANCE
1. C 12. A
2. D 13. B
3. A 14. C
4. D 15. D
5. B 16. C
6. B 17. A
7. C 18. B
8. B 19. A
9. D 20. D
10. B 21. B
11. A 22. C
SECTION: MEIOSIS
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. B
7. B
8. B
9. D
10. C
11. D
12. B
13. A
14. C
15. B
16. A
17. D
18. meiosis
19. X chromosomes
20. Y chromosome
21. hemophilia
22. pedigree
23. carriers
24. recessive
25. selective breeding
Vocabulary and Section
Summary
SECTION: MENDEL AND HIS PEAS
1. heredity: the passing of genetic traits
from parent to offspring
2. dominant trait: the trait observed in
the second generation when parents
with different traits are bred
3. recessive trait: a trait that reappears in
the third generation after disappearing
in the second generation when parents
with different traits are bred.
SECTION: TRAITS AND INHERITANCE
1. gene: one set of instructions for an
inherited trait
2. allele: one of the alternative forms of a
gene that governs a characteristic,
such as hair color
3. phenotype: an organism’s appearance
or other detectable characteristic
4. genotype: the entire genetic makeup of
an organism; also, the combination of
genes for one or more specific traits
5. probability: the likelihood that a
possible future event will occur in any
given instance of the event
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Science and Technology 92 Heredity
TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Science and Technology 92 Heredity
TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE
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