City of Green Bay
Department of Community and Economic Development
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING PERMIT INFORMATION
This is a packet of Building, Electrical, Plumbing, and HVAC permit applications you must complete to obtain the
permits necessary to remodel or add to your single family home or build a garage. You will not need all of the forms in
this packet depending on who is performing the work.
The Project Permits Application (the top form) must be completed for all projects. Fill out the form as well as you
can and leave blank any areas you do not understand. Staff can help complete the form when you submit the packet for
review.
The Cautionary Statement (the 2
nd
form) must be signed and dated if the homeowner is acting as the general
contractor or doing any work on the project.
There are two Electrical permit applications (the 3
rd
& 4
th
form); one is the Licensed Electrical Contractor’s permit
form and the other is the Homeowner’s Electrical permit form. If you are using an electrical contractor, please have
the contractor fill out this permit and return it to you to submit with the application packet. If you own and live in the
house and plan on doing the electrical work yourself, please contact a City electrical inspector at 920-448-3300 before
filling out the Homeowner’s Electrical permit and submit it with the application packet.
The 5
th
& 6
th
forms are the Licensed Plumbing Contractor’s and the Homeowner’s Plumbing permit forms.
Like the electrical permits, if you are hiring a plumbing contractor he must fill out the permit and return it to you. If
you, as the owner and occupant, are doing the plumbing work, complete the Homeowner’s Plumbing permit form and
submit it with the application packet. Contact a City plumbing inspector (920-448-3300) if you have any questions.
The 7
th
& 8
th
forms are the Licensed Heating Contractor’s and the Homeowner’s Heating permit forms. Again,
if using a licensed contractor he must fill the form out and return it to you. If you, as the owner and occupant, are doing
the HVAC work, complete the Homeowner’s Heating permit form and submit it with the application packet. Contact a
City HVAC inspector (920-448-3300) if you have any questions.
An Erosion Control permit form is also included and, if required by the Erosion Control Permitting Process flowchart,
must be submitted with an Erosion Control Plan.
You will only need electrical, plumbing, or HVAC permits if that type of work is associated with your project. If you are
not doing electrical, plumbing, or HVAC work you will not need those permits.
You may also need to submit building, electrical, plumbing, and HVAC plans when you bring the permit package in. If
you are doing work outside the house (addition, new garage, etc.) a site plan may be required. Please tell us the scope
of your project when you pick up the permit packet and we will be able to explain what information to submit.
The total permit packet at the time of submittal must contain the Project Permits Application, the Cautionary
Statement, any plans required, and an electrical, plumbing, and HVAC permit if that work is being done. All forms
must be filled out and signed prior to issuance of permits.
If you have any questions concerning these permits, please contact the Department of Community and
Economic Development at (920) 448-3300 and ask for a Building, Electrical, Plumbing, or HVAC
Inspector.
I:\DeptData\Planning\Inspection Division\Forms\Fillable\Packet-ResidentialBuildingPermitInformation.pdf
100 North Jefferson Street, Room 608, Green Bay, Wisconsin 54301-5026
(p) 920.448.3300 (f) 920.448.3426 greenbaywi.gov
(Rev 12/16)
PROJECT PERMITS
APPLICATION
All fields must be completed before permit will be processed.
Project Address
Parcel #
Project #
Property Owner
Contractor
Name Name
Company
(if applies)
Company
Address
Address
City, State, Zip
City, State, Zip
Phone #
Email
Phone #
Email
Current Land Use, Flood Plain & Zoning (check which applies)
Land Use: 2-Family Multi-Family # of units ____ Commercial (describe) _______________
Vacant Lot
1-Family
Zoning: R-1 R- 2 R-3 RR OR NC
D C-1 C-2 C-3 L1 G1 BP PI CON TND
Flood Plain: Yes
Base Flood Elevation (BFE)_____
No
Addition Alteration Repair Move Raze (demolish)
Change-of-use
Project Scope:
New
Area: Finished Unfinished Total Bldg:
Description of Project :
Estimated Cost of Construction $
Erosion Control # _________
City SBD $___________
Plan Approvals
PLBG Plan
SWR Plan
Foot & Found Only #_______ City
Building Plan
HVAC Plan
Site Plan
# _________ City SBD $___________
# _________ City SBD $___________
# _________ $___________
Contractors (UDC Numbers Required): DCC # DCQ #
BLDG -
Bldg Fee
$
ELEC –
Elec Fee
$
HVAC –
Hvac Fee
$
PLBG –________# of Fixtures
Plbg Fee
$
SWRS
Water Fee $_____
Storm Fee $_____
Assessment $_____
Sanitary Fee $_____
Assessment $_____
Swrs Fee
$
CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY
C.O.
$
Addl. Fee
$
Double Fee
DOUBLE FEE PERMIT [s.15.07(b)] If application for a building permit has not been obtained prior to commencement of
the job, applicable permit fee shall be doubled.
$
Application Signature The applicant certifies that information submitted herein is accurate; agrees to comply with the Wisconsin
Administrative Code, Municipal Ordinance, and with the conditions of this permit; and understands that permit issuance creates no legal
liability, expressed or implied, on the Department or Municipality.
Signature of Applicant Date
Class Code Census Receipt No. Total Fee
Reviewed By
Credential #
White - Office
Yellow - Applicant
To schedule an inspection, submit an online Inspection Request or call (920) 448-3300 at least one business day
in advance. Final inspections are required for all projects.
Department of Community
and Economic Development
100 N. Jefferson Street, Rm 608
Green Bay, WI 54301-5026
(920) 448-3300 - phone
(920) 448-3426 - fax
inspmail@greenbaywi.gov
www.greenbaywi.gov
(assigned by City)
$
$
$
Erosion Ctrl
EROSION CONTROL
ADDITIONAL PERMITS (Sprinklers #_____, Curb Cut, Flood Plain, Temp. Occupancy, Etc.)
(Please List)
(Rev 1/20)
(check all that apply)
Height
#_______
City
#_______ City
SBD $__________
SBD $__________
SBD $__________
For Office Use Only
www.greenbaywi.gov
Department of Community
and Economic Development
100 N. Jefferson Street, Rm 608
Green Bay, WI 54301-5026
(920) 448-3300 - phone
(920) 448-3426 - fax
inspmail@greenbaywi.gov
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT
TO PROPERTY OWNERS
OBTAINING BUILDING PERMITS
101.65(1r) of the Wisconsin Statutes requires municipalities that enforce the Uniform
Dwelling Code to provide an owner who applies for a building permit with a statement
advising the owner that:
If the owner hires a contractor to perform work under the building permit and the
contractor is not bonded or insured as required under s. 101.654(2)(a), the following
consequences might occur:
(a) The owner may be held liable for any bodily injury to or death of
others or for any damage to the property of others that arise out
of the work performed under the building permit or that is
caused by any negligence by the contractor that occurs in
connection with the work performed under the building permit.
(b) The owner may not be able to collect from the contractor damages
for any loss sustained by the owner because of a violation
by the contractor of the one- and two-family dwelling code or
an ordinance enacted under sub. (1)(a), because of any bodily
injury to or death of others or damage to the property of others
that arises out of the work performed under the building permit or
because of any bodily injury to or death of others or damage to the
property of others that is caused by negligence by the contractor
that occurs in connection with the work performed under the
building permit.
_____________________________________________________
Owner Signature
White – Office Yellow Owner/Agent
__________________________
Date
(Rev 12/16)
click to sign
signature
click to edit
Two-Family
NATURE OF WORK (check all that apply):
Swimming Pool
Alteration
Remodeling
Repairs
Sign
Addition
Detached Garage
Hot tub/spa
Other ____________
JOB DESCRIPTION:
(REQUIRED)
_______________________________________________
Signature (Master Electrician Responsible For Work)
(REQUIRED)
___________________
Date
INSPECTOR STATEMENT: I hereby certify the work completed as of date signed complies with applicable codes.
____________________
Date
_________________________________________________
Inspector Signature
This section for City use only
Project #:
Permit Code:
Permit Fee:
Parcel #:
Receipt #:
Date:
Department of Community
and Economic Development
100 N. Jefferson Street, Rm 608
Green Bay, WI 54301-5026
(920) 448-3300 - phone
(920) 448-3426 - fax
inspmail@greenbaywi.gov
LICENSED CONTRACTOR
ELECTRICAL PERMIT
APPLICATION
Check box for Online Payment
The information below must be provided for notification of project number and permit fee. This information is
required to make payment on-line.
Educational
Other
Multi-Family
Number of Units
Manufacturing
Phone _________________
Fax ________________
________
To schedule an inspection, submit an online Inspection Request or call (920) 448-3300 at least one
business day in advance. Final inspections are required for all projects.
CONTRACTOR STATEMENT: I hereby certify that the above wiring upon completion will be in compliance with
the applicable federal, state, and local electrical codes and utility service rules.
“ENERGIZING THE DESCRIBED WIRING WILL IN NO WAY CREATE A HAZARD”
State of WI Electrical Contractor Certification # _____________ and WI Master Certification # _______________
Email ____________________________
(Rev 6/20)
www.greenbaywi.gov
All fields must be completed before permit will be processed.
Project Address: __________________________________________________
Owner's Name: __________________________________________________
Owner's Email: Phone #:
Electrical Contractor: ______________________________________________
Contractor's Address: ______________________________________________
Contractor’s Email: ________________________________________________
Contractor’s Phone #: ___________________ Cell #: _____________________
Value of work: ___________________________________________________
Single-Family
Commercial
OCCUPANCY (check appropriate box):
Name: ________________________________________
Address: ________________________________________
Phone #: ________________________________________
Email: ________________________________________
Check one:
What type of wiring method(s) do you intend to use (i.e. Romex, EMT, PVC, direct buried cable)?
In the left column, state the size wire you intend to use and, in the corresponding column on the right, state the
size over current device you intend to use to protect that wire:
Wire Size & Type
Over Current Device Size
Department of Community
and Economic Development
100 N. Jefferson Street, Rm 608
Green Bay, WI 54301-5026
(920) 448-3300 - phone
(920) 448-3426 - fax
inspmail@greenbaywi.gov
HOMEOWNER’S
APPLICATION FOR
ELECTRICAL PERMIT
This section for City use only
Project #:
Permit Code:
Permit Fee:
Parcel #:
Receipt #:
Date:
Addition to existing building
Detached garage
Swimming pool
Other ________________________________________
Provide a sketch of the work you intend to do that shows the location of all electrical outlets (i.e.
switches, receptacles, lights, etc.)
Briefly describe the electrical work you intend to do:
Application Approved By:
to inspection date needed. Final inspections are required for all projects.
Date: ____________________________
Electrical Inspector
All fields must be completed before permit will be processed.
www.greenbaywi.gov
AFFIDAVIT: I hereby certify that I am the owner of the above described premises located in Green Bay, Brown
County, and that I occupy such premises solely as a residence, in accordance with the Homestead Act of the laws of the
State of Wisconsin. I further declare that if the permit is granted, the electrical work will be performed by myself in
accordance with State and City regulations. Failure to do so will subject me to penalties described in the State and City
Ordinances.
Owner's Signature: _________________________________
(REQUIRED)
NOTE: Duplexes, condos, and other similar dwelling units, which are physically attached to other dwelling
units, are not single-family dwellings. The City electrical code allows homeowners to do wiring in existing
single-family dwellings only.
Before insulating or covering any walls containing any wiring, call the Community and Economic Development
Department for a rough-in inspection. At that time, all grounding splices should be made up permanently.
When the job is completed, call for a final inspection prior to occupancy.
To schedule an inspection, submit an online Inspection Request or call (920) 448-3300 at least one business
day in advance. Final inspections are required for all projects.
(Rev 6/20)
Date: _________________________________
Value of Work: $__________________
www.greenbay.wi.gov
LICENSED CONTRACTOR
PLUMBING PERMIT
APPLICATION
(INTERNAL)
Department of Community
and Economic Development
100 N. Jefferson Street, Rm 608
Green Bay, WI 54301-5026
(920) 448-3300 - phone
(920) 448-3426 - fax
inspmail@greenbaywi.gov
All fields must be completed before permit will be processed.
Project Address:
Owner's Name:
Phone #: Owner's Email:
Plumbing/Utility Contractor:
Contractor’s Address:
Contractor's Email:
Contractor's Phone #:
Value of Work:
I hereby make application for a permit for the following described sewer/plumbing work at the above location.
Total Number of Fixtures
Total Number of Appliances
Total Number of Appurtenances
Total Count
Description of Work:
To schedule an inspection, submit an online Inspection Request or call (920) 448-3300 at least one business
day in advance. Final inspections are required for all projects.
Contractor's Signature:
Master Plumber Credential #
Check box for Online Payment
The information below must be provided for notification of project number and permit fee. This information is required to make
payment online.
Phone
Fax
Email
Excerpt from City of Green Bay Plumbing Code:
Section 16.06 Permit must be procured before starting work: If any work regulated by the Plumbing Ordinance for which a permit is required
is commenced without a permit first having been obtained thereof, double the permit fee herein prescribed shall be paid when a permit finally
is obtained. Payment of any fee mentioned in this Section, however, shall in no way relieve any person of the penalties that may be imposed for
violation of the Plumbing Ordinance.
(Rev 6/2020)
This section for City use only
Project #:
Permit Code:
Permit Fee:
Parcel #:
Receipt #:
Date:
www.greenbaywi.gov
___________________________________________________________
Owner’s Signature
____________________
Date
To schedule an inspection, submit an online Inspection Request or call (920) 448-3300 at
least one business day in advance. Final inspections are required for all projects.
The City of Green Bay hereby permits the above-described plumbing work to be performed at
the address stated above, subject to all laws and regulations of the City of Green Bay and the State of
Wisconsin.
By: ___________________________________________________
Plumbing Inspector
Date
Department of Community
and Economic Development
100 N. Jefferson Street, Rm 608
Green Bay, WI 54301-5026
(920) 448-3300 - phone
(920) 448-3426 - fax
inspmail@greenbaywi.gov
HOMEOWNER’S
APPLICATION FOR
PLUMBING PERMIT
This section for City use only
Project #:
Permit Code:
Permit Fee:
Parcel #:
Receipt #:
Date:
(Rev 6/20)
All fields must be completed before permit will be processed.
Name:
Address:
Phone #:
Email:
Value of Work: $
Description of work:
Number of fixtures roughed in for and/or installed: __________ ($7.00/fixture, $50.00 minimum permit fee)
Application is hereby made to do the above-described plumbing work at the premises named above.
Issuance of the permit is based on §145.06(4)(a) of the State Code allowing a property owner to
perform plumbing work in a one-family building owned and occupied (per SPS 382.10(2) of the State Code)
by him or her as his or her home.
AFFIDAVIT: I hereby certify that I am the owner of the above-described premises located in
Green Bay, Brown County, and that I occupy such premises solely as a residence, in
accordance with the Homestead Act of the laws of the State of Wisconsin. I further declare that if the
permit is granted the plumbing work will be performed by myself in accordance with State and
City regulations. Failure to do so will subject me to penalties described in the State and City
Ordinances.
www.greenbaywi.gov
FURNACE: Gas ___________ Electric __________ Oil __________ Forced Air __________
AIR CONDITIONER: Forced Air __________ Central Air __________
BOILER: Steam _______ Hot Water ________ Res ________ Industrial ________ Commercial _______
SPACE HEATER: Type __________ Unit __________
Class __________
Contractor’s Signature: ___________________________________ Credential # _____________________
Check box for Online Payment
The information below must be provided for notification of project number and permit fee. This information is
required to make payment on-line.
Phone ___________________ Fax _____________________
Department of Community
and Economic Development
100 N. Jefferson Street, Rm 608
Green Bay, WI 54301-5026
(920) 448-3300 - phone
(920) 448-3426 - fax
inspmail@greenbaywi.gov
LICENSED CONTRACTOR
HEATING PERMIT
APPLICATION
This section for City use only
Project #:
Permit Code:
Permit Fee:
Parcel #:
Receipt #:
Date:
To schedule an inspection, submit an online Inspection Request or call (920) 448-3300 at least one
business day in advance. Final inspections are required for all projects.
Email ________________________
(Rev 6/20)
All fields must be completed before permit will be processed.
Project Address:
Owner's Name:
Phone #:Owner's Email:
Heating Contractor:
Contractor's Address:
Contractor’s Email:
Contractor's Phone #:
Unit Price: Value of Work:
I hereby make application for a permit for the following described heating work at the above location.
Check all that apply:
www.greenbaywi.gov
___________________________________________________________
Owner’s Signature
_____________________
Date
To schedule an inspection, submit an online Inspection Request or call (920) 448-3300 at
least one business day in advance. Final inspections are required for all projects.
The City of Green Bay hereby permits the above-described heating work to be performed at the
address stated above, subject to all laws and regulations of the City of Green Bay and the State of
Wisconsin.
By: __________________________________________________
Heating Inspector
Date
Department of Community
and Economic Development
100 N. Jefferson Street, Rm 608
Green Bay, WI 54301-5026
(920) 448-3300 - phone
(920) 448-3426 - fax
inspmail@greenbaywi.gov
HOMEOWNER’S
APPLICATION FOR
HEATING PERMIT
This section for City use only
Project #:
Permit Code:
Permit Fee:
Parcel #:
Receipt #:
Date:
(Rev 6/20)
All fields must be completed before permit will be processed.
Name:
Address:
Phone #:
Email:
Value of Work: $
Description of work:
Application is hereby made to do the above-described heating work at the premises named above. Issuance
of the permit is based on SPS 305.70 of the State Code allowing a property owner to perform heating
work in a building owned and occupied by him as his home.
AFFIDAVIT: I hereby certify that I am the owner of the above-named premises located in Green Bay,
Brown County, and that I occupy such premises solely as a residence in accordance with the
Homestead Act of the laws of the State of Wisconsin. I further declare that if the permit is granted
the heating work will be performed by myself in accordance with State and City regulations.
Failure to do so will subject me to penalties described in the State and City Ordinances.
(Rev 01/17)
Department of Community
and Economic Development
100 N. Jefferson Street, Rm 608
Green Bay, WI 54301-5026
(920) 448-3300 - phone
(920) 448-3426 - fax
inspmail@greenbaywi.gov
Small Site General Instructions: Submit this application and erosion control plan demonstrating compliance with Ch. 34,
Green Bay Municipal Ordinance and/or Ch. SPS 321.125, Uniform Dwelling Code, for sites covering less than one acre and/or one-
or two-family residential construction prior to commencing land-disturbing construction or land-development activity to Room 610.
Large Site General Instructions: Submit application and erosion control plan demonstrating reasonable compliance with Ch. 34, Green
Bay Municipal Ordinance, for sites one acre or greater in size prior to commencing land-disturbing construction or land-development
activity to Room 610.
Excavation within Public Rights-Of-Way General Instructions: Submit this application and erosion control
plan demonstrating compliance with Ch. 34, Green Bay Municipal Ordinance for land disturbances covered within section 34.04(1)
(a) 1. 4,000 SF; 4. 100 LF of drainage conveyance impacts; 6. 300 LF of underground utility work; and/or 7. 100 CY or
greater of excavation volume prior to commencing land-disturbing construction or land-development activity to Room 300.
Address/Street of land-disturbing activity:
Parcel #:
Zoning District: Project #:
Site #
APPLICANT
Property Owner
General Contractor
EROSION CONTROL CONTRACTOR
Name Name
Company Company
Address Address
City, State, Zip City, State, Zip
Phone Phone
Email Email
Description of Activity:
Start
End ______________
Erosion Control Plan: (provide 3 copies) *Must demonstrate compliance with Ch. 34, Green Bay Municipal Ordinance and/or Ch. SPS 321.125
UDC, including but not limited to all of the following:
1. Application
2. Property legal description
3. Existing site map / plan
4. Final site map / plan
5. Site construction plan
6. Soil loss prediction tool / spreadsheet
7. Erosion & Sediment Control Plan Statement (Narrative description of who, what,
when, where, how things will be completed on the proposed site(s)).
Applicant Signature: ______________________________________________________________________ Date: ________________________
Following sections to be completed by the City of Green Bay
Plan Approval: Permit is void unless signed by the Erosion Control Specialist.
Erosion Control Plan reviewed and approved by Erosion Control Specialist:___________________________________ Date:____________________
Permit Issuance:
1. Duration This erosion control permit shall remain valid for a period of 180 days or for the length of the building permit, whichever is longer. The
Erosion Control Specialist or designated representative may extend the period one or more times for up to an additional 180 days, and may require
additional erosion control measures as a condition of the extension if necessary to meet the requirements of this ordinance.
Permit Expiration Date: __________________________________
2. Surety Bond - As a condition of approval and issuance of the permit, the Public Works Director may require the applicant to deposit a surety bond or
irrevocable letter of credit to guarantee a good faith execution of the erosion control plan.
Surety Bond Amount $ __________________________________ Date Filed: _______________________________________
3. Conditions of Approval - This permit approval requires the applicant to:
a. Notify the Erosion Control Specialist / designated representative at least 48 hours before commencing any land-disturbing construction or land-
development.
b. Notify the Erosion Control Specialist / designated representative of completion of any erosion control measures within seven days after their
installation.
c. Obtain permission in writing from the Erosion Control Specialist / designated representative prior to modifying the erosion control plan.
d. Install all erosion control measures as identified in approved erosion control plan.
e. Maintain all road drainage systems, storm water drainage systems, control measures, and other facilities identified in erosion control plan.
f. Repair any siltation or erosion damage to adjoining surfaces and roadways resulting from land-developing construction or land-disturbing activities.
g. Inspect the construction erosion control measures after each rain of 0.5" or more and at least once each week and make needed repairs.
h. Allow the Erosion Control Specialist / designated representative to enter the site for the purpose of inspecting compliance with the erosion
control plan or for performing any work necessary to bring the site into compliance with the erosion control plan.
i. Keep a copy of the approved erosion control plan on the site.
j. Submit weekly inspection reports to the Erosion Control Specialist via e-mail at erosioncontrol@greenbaywi.gov
Failure to comply with any of these conditions may subject the permittee to corrective action, fines, and/or revocation of the permit at
permittees sole expense.
Permit Issued By: __________________________________________ Date:___________________________________
EROSION CONTROL
PERMIT APPLICATION
www.greenbaywi.gov
Raze Site Fill Site Excavation Site
Construction Site
Acres
Same as Applicant
(Rev 01/17)
Erosion Control Permitting Process
For Land Disturbing Projects Outside of the Public Rights-of-Way
Inspection Intake
Time and date stamp upon
receipt of complete application.
Is there any land disturbance? Yes
No
No
Disturbance meet
the following?
34.04(1)(a)1.
34.04(1)(a)2.
34.04(1)(a)3.
34.04(1)(a)4.
34.04(1)(a)5.
34.04(1)(a)6.
34.04(1)(a)7.
See Page 2.
Non-Permitted
Activity
Fill out 34.08 Performance
Standards Sign-Off Sheet
No Permit or E/C
Plan Required
Yes
PERMIT REQUIRED.
Inspection sends to Erosion Control Specialist for further
processing. Time and date stamped upon receipt by ECS.
<1 Acre disturbance? ≥1 Acre disturbance?
Large Site Erosion Control
Permit Application Required
Small Site Erosion Control
Permit Application Required
Review the Erosion Control Plan submitted to Inspection Department in accordance
with 34.11 under standards in 34.09, pursuant to 34.10(3). Review and comment to be
completed within 15 days of City’s initial receipt of complete application.
Comment/Resubmit
Erosion Control
Plan Approved
ECS signs off on
the application.
Approved Plan Sent to Inspection
Permit Issued by Inspection
(Rev 01/17)
APPLICABILITY AND JURISDICTION
34.04(1)(a)1. Those involving grading, removal of protective ground cover or vegetation, excavation,
land filling, or other land-disturbing construction activity affecting a surface area of 4,000 sq. ft. or more.
34.04(1)(a)2. Those requiring a subdivision plat or certified survey approval or the construction of
1- and 2-family residential dwellings or commercial, industrial, or institutional buildings on lots of
approved subdivision plats.
34.04(1)(a)3. Those requiring a certified survey approval or the construction of houses or
commercial, industrial, or institutional buildings on lots of approved certified surveys.
34.04(1)(a)4. Those involving street, highway, road, or bridge construction, enlargement, relocation,
or reconstruction.
34.04(1)(a)5. A construction site, which has 100 linear feet or greater of land disturbance to a
highway, street, driveway, swale, ditch, waters of the state, wetland, protective area, or other non-
agricultural drainage facility which conveys concentrated flow. Wetlands shall be delineated in
accordance with s. NR 103.08(1m).
34.04(1)(a)6. Those involving the laying, repairing, replacing, or enlarging of an underground pipe,
wire, cable, or facility for a distance of 300' or more.
34.04(1)(a)7. A construction site which has 100 cubic yards or greater of excavation volume, filling
volume, or some combination of excavation and filling volume.