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Trigger&or&

Expecta.on&

Challenging

Behavior&

Suﬃcient&

Skill&

Adap.ve&

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Lagging&

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Collaborative Problem Solving Assessment and Planning Tool

Child’s Name __________________________________________ Date __________________

Part 1: Identifying Triggers/Expectations, Lagging Skills, and Challenging Behaviors

PLAN%(complete%in%Part%2)%

TRIGGERS/EXPECTATIONS%%

!%These% are%the%demands%that%the%child%is%having% a%

hard% time%meeting.%

!%They% are% the% triggers,% expectations,% precipitants,%

antecedents,%situations,%or

contexts%that%can%lead%to%

challenging%behavior.%

!%When% making% your% list,% describe% the% who,% what,%

when%and%where.%Be%specific!%

LAGGING%SKILLS%%

!%Lagging% skills% are% the% reasons% that% a% child% is% having%

difficulty% meeting% these% expectations% or% responding%

adaptively%to%these%triggers.%%%

!%Take% a% guess% at% which% specific% lagging% skills% are%

contributing% by% looking% at% the% list% of%

triggers/expectations,% and% referring% to% the% Thinking%

Skills%Inventory%on%the%following%pages.

CHALLENGING%BEHAVIORS%%

!%These%are%the%observable,%challenging%behaviors%that%

often% bring% up% the

greatest% concerns% for% adults% and%

parents.%%

!%% Examples% are% yelling,% swearing,% refusing,% hitting,%

cutting,%shutting%down,%running,%etc.%

!%The% challenging% behaviors% are% the % result% of% a% child%

not%having%the%skills%to%handle%the%specific%triggers%or%

expectations.

Responding to life’s demands requires a lot of thinking skills. If a child doesn’t have the skills to handle a

trigger or meet an expectation, that is what we call a “problem to be solved.” Until we solve that problem, the

trigger or expectation is likely to result in some form of challenging behavior.

The most important task during the assessment phase is identifying the specific triggers or expectations that

frequently lead to challenging behavior, as well as the thinking skills that would help the child to handle those

demands more adaptively.

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Thinking Skills Inventory (TSI)

Instructions: Below is a list of thinking skills required to solve problems, be flexible, and tolerate frustration. Many children with social, emotional

and behavioral challenges will have deficits in some of these areas. The skills are organized into five categories.

Rate the extent to which each skill is a strength or challenge by marking an “✗” in one column for each skill. Use this Thinking Skills Inventory to

inform the “Lagging Skills” column on the previous page.

Language and Communication Skills

Consistent

Strength

Sometimes a

Strength

Depends

Sometimes

Difficult

Consistently

Difficult

Understands spoken directions

Understands and follows conversations

Expresses concerns, needs, or thoughts in words

Is able to tell someone what’s bothering him or her

Attention and Working Memory Skills

Consistent

Strength

Sometimes a

Strength

Depends

Sometimes

Difficult

Consistently

Difficult

Sticks with tasks requiring sustained attention

Does things in a logical sequence or set order

Keeps track of time; correctly assesses how much time a task will take

Reflects on multiple thoughts or ideas at the same time

Maintains focus during activities

Ignores irrelevant noises, people, or other stimuli; tunes things out when

necessary

Considers a range of solutions to a problem

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Emotion- and Self-Regulation Skills

Consistent

Strength

Sometimes a

Strength

Depends

Sometimes

Difficult

Consistently

Difficult

Thinks rationally, even when frustrated

Manages irritability in an age-appropriate way

Manages anxiety in an age-appropriate way

Manages disappointment in an age-appropriate way

Thinks before responding; considers the likely outcomes or consequences of

his/her actions

Can adjust his/her arousal level to meet the demands of a situation (e.g.,

calming after recess or after getting upset, falling asleep/waking up, staying

seated during class or meals, etc.)

Cognitive Flexibility Skills

Consistent

Strength

Sometimes a

Strength

Depends

Sometimes

Difficult

Consistently

Difficult

Handles transitions, shifts easily from one task to another

Is able to see “shades of gray” rather than thinking only in “black-and-white”

Thinks hypothetically, is able to envision different possibilities

Handles deviations from rules, routines, and original plans

Handles unpredictability, ambiguity, uncertainty, and novelty

Can shift away from an original idea, solution, or plan

Takes into account situational factors that may mean a change in plans

(Example: “If it rains, we may need to cancel the trip.”)

Interprets information accurately/avoids over-generalizing or personalizing

(Example: Avoids saying “Everyone’s out to get me,” “Nobody likes me,”

“You always blame me,” “It’s not fair,” “I’m stupid,” “Things will never work

out for me.”)

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Social Thinking Skills

Consistent

Strength

Sometimes a

Strength

Depends

Sometimes

Difficult

Consistently

Difficult

Pays attention to verbal and nonverbal social cues

Accurately interprets nonverbal social cues (like facial expressions and tone

of voice)

Starts conversations with peers, enters groups of peers appropriately

Seeks attention in appropriate ways

Understands how his or her behavior affects other people

Understands how he or she is coming across or being perceived by others

Empathizes with others, appreciates others’ perspectives or points of view

Part 2: Planning and Prioritizing Problems to Solve

Next, decide which Triggers/Expectations are the first to be addressed with Plan B. Mark those Triggers/Expectations with . If you’re not sure where to start, use

these guidelines:

For Triggers/Expectations that won’t get Plan B right away, mark with or (for now).

• Choose Plan A if trying to get your expectation met is more important than reducing challenging behavior.

• Choose Plan C if reducing challenging behavior is more important than getting the expectation met for now.

REMINDER: As problems get solved using Plan B, you will choose new Triggers/Expectations from those marked A and C to be addressed next with Plan B.

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