Fillable Active Reading Section: Meiosis Meiosis is a form (Wellington City Council New Zealand)

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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Biology 7 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Section: Meiosis
Read the passage below. Then answer the questions that follow.
Meiosis is a form of cell division that halves the number of
chromosomes when forming specialized reproductive cells,
such as gametes or spores. Meiosis involves two divisions of
the nucleus—meiosis I and meiosis II.
The stages of meiosis I are as follows:
Prophase I: The chromosomes condense, and the nuclear
envelope breaks down. Homologous chromosomes pair along
their length and then cross over.
Metaphase I: The pairs of homologous chromosomes are
moved by the spindle to the equator of the cell. The homologous
chromosomes, each made up of two chromatids, remain together.
Anaphase I: The homologous chromosomes separate. As in
mitosis, the chromosomes of each pair are pulled to opposite
poles of the cell by the spindle fibers. But in meiosis, the
chromatids do not separate at their centromeres.
Telophase I: Individual chromosomes gather at each of
the poles. In most organisms, the cytoplasm divides, forming
two new cells.
SKILL: READING EFFECTIVELY
Match each statement with the stage of meiosis I it describes by writing in the
spaces provided, PI to represent Prophase I, MI to represent Metaphase I, AI to
represent Anaphase I, or TI to represent Telophase I.
______ 1. cytoplasm divides
______
2. nuclear envelope breaks down
______
3. homologous chromosomes separate
______
4. spindle moves homologous chromosomes to the cell’s equator
______
5. crossing-over occurs
______
6. two new cells form
______
7. homologous chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell
______
8. chromosomes condense
Name Class Date
Active Reading
Skills Worksheet
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Biology 8 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Name Class Date
Active Reading continued
Read the passage below. Then answer the questions that follow.
The stages of meiosis II are as follows:
Prophase II: A new spindle forms around the chromosomes.
Metaphase II: The chromosomes line up along the equator,
attached at their centromeres to spindle fibers.
Anaphase II: The centromeres divide, and the chromatids
(now called chromosomes) move to opposite poles of the cell.
Telophase II: A nuclear envelope forms around each set of
chromosomes. The spindle breaks down, and the cell undergoes
cytokinesis. The result of meiosis is four haploid cells.
Match each statement with the stage of meiosis II it describes by writing in the
spaces provided, PII to represent Prophase II, MII to represent Metaphase II,
AII to represent Anaphase II, or TII to represent Telophase II.
______ 9. centromeres divide
______
10. new spindle forms
______
11. cell undergoes cytokinesis
______
12. chromosomes line up at equator
______
13. spindle breaks down
______
14. chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell
______
15. four haploid cells form
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes
the statement.
______16. Between meiosis I and meiosis II, chromosomes do NOT
a. replicate.
b. change position.
c. divide.
d. Both (a) and (b)
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7. haploid life cycle (some fungi and
algae, such as Chlamydomonas),
diploid life cycle (most animals,
including humans), alternation of
generations (plants, such as roses)
8. The type of life cycle that a eukaryotic
organism has depends on the type of
cell that undergoes meiosis and on
when meiosis occurs. Haploid cells
occupy the major portion of the
haploid life cycle. Diploid individuals
occupy the major portion of the
diploid life cycle. The gametophyte
and the sporophyte take turns in the
alternation of generations life cycle.
9. meiosis, gametes, fertilization, zygote,
diploid individual
Active Reading
SECTION: MEIOSIS
1. TI 9. AII
2. PI 10. PII
3. AI 11. TII
4. MI 12. MII
5. PI 13. TII
6. TI 14. AII
7. AI 15. TII
8. PI 16. a
SECTION: SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
1. Reproduction, the process of produc-
ing offspring, can be asexual or sexual.
2. an organism that is genetically identi-
cal to its parent
3. binary fission
4. Because these offspring receive
genetic material from both parents,
they inherit traits from each.
5. In both processes, offspring are
produced.
6. Because asexual reproduction
involves a single parent, there is no
fusion of haploid cells. Because sexual
reproduction involves two parents,
haploid cells are joined together.
7. c
Vocabulary Review
ACROSS
6. SPERMATOGENESIS
7. SEXUAL
9. OVUM
11. CROSSING OVER
12. SPORE
13. MEIOSIS
14. INDEPENDENT
DOWN
1. GAMETOPHYTE
2. FERTILIZATION
3. CLONE
4. ASEXUAL
5. LIFE
7. SPERM
8. SPOROPHYTE
10. OOGENESIS
Science Skills
SEQUENCING/ORGANIZING
INFORMATION
1. g 9. g
2. b 10. a
3. c 11. d
4. f 12. f
5. h 13. c
6. d 14. h
7. a 15. e
8. e 16. b
Concept Mapping
1. meiosis II
2. haploid reproductive cells or gametes
3. crossing-over
4. homologous chromosomes
5. chromatids
Critical Thinking
1. g 13. b
2. f 14. d
3. b 15. c
4. e 16. a
5. a 17. d, c
6. h 18. h, g
7. c 19. b, f
8. d 20. a, e
9. b 21. d
10. a 22. c
11. c 23. b
12. d 24. d
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Biology 76 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
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