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Active Reading Section: Global Warming

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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Environmental Science 11 Atmosphere and Climate Change
Section: Global Warming
Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.
Many scientists think that the increasing greenhouse gases in our
atmosphere result in increasing the average temperature on Earth.
The result, they believe, will be a warmer Earth. This predicted
increase in global temperature is known as global warming. Earth’s
average global temperature increased during the 20th century. Many
scientists project that the warming trend that began in the 20th cen-
tury will continue throughout the 21st century. However, not all sci-
entists agree that the observed global warming is due to greenhouse
gases. Some scientists believe that the warming is part of natural cli-
matic variability. They point out that widespread fluctuations in tem-
perature have occurred throughout geologic time.
IDENTIFYING MAIN IDEAS
One reading skill is the ability to identify the main idea of a passage. The main
idea is the main focus or key idea. Frequently, a main idea is accompanied by
supporting information that offers detailed facts about main ideas.
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes
each statement.
______ 1. Earth’s average temperature during the 20th
century.
a. increased c. stayed the same
b. decreased d. fluctuated
______
2. Scientists predict that the Earth’s average temperature will
throughout the 21st century.
a. stabilize c. begin to decrease
b. continue to increase d. fluctuate more sharply
______
3. Many scientists blame the presence of in
the atmosphere for Earth’s increased average temperature.
a. CFCs c. ozone
b. oxygen d. greenhouse gases
VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT
Read each question and write the answer in the space provided.
4. The predicted increase in Earth’s average temperature is known as
.
Name Class Date
Active Reading
Skills Worksheet
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Environmental Science 12 Atmosphere and Climate Change
Name Class Date
Active Reading continued
5. What is another key term for this chapter that appears in this passage?
6. Global can mean “worldwide.” Given this definition, whom would you say is
affected by global warming?
RECOGNIZING SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES
One reading skill is the ability to recognize similarities and differences between two
phrases, ideas, or things. This is sometimes known as comparing and contrasting.
Read each question and write the answer in the space provided.
7. What do those scientists who believe the Earth is experiencing global warm-
ing use as evidence to support their claims?
8. What do these scientists say is the cause of global warming?
9. What do those scientists who do not believe the Earth is experiencing global
warming use as evidence to support their claims?
10. What do these scientists say is the cause of the increase in temperature
throughout the 20th century?
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16. Answers may vary. Sample answer:
Fossil fuels are the remains of plants
that lived millions of years ago. Fossil
fuels represent millions of years worth
of photosynthetic activity that pulled
enormous quantities of carbon dioxide
out of the air and converted it into
hydrocarbons. Now we are burning
the fossil fuels and returning these
millions of years worth of stored car-
bon to the atmosphere much faster
than the carbon was originally
removed.
Active Reading
SECTION: CLIMATE AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
1. 23.5° relative to the plane of its orbit
2. in summer
3. It is tilted toward the sun.
4. b
5. winter
6. summer
7. the tilt of the Earth on its axis
8. The angle at which the sun’s rays
strike the Earth changes as Earth
orbits the sun.
9. When there are more hours of day-
light, the sun has more time to heat
the Earth, and thus it is summer.
10. It is tilted away from the sun.
11. It is tilted away from the sun.
SECTION: THE OZONE SHIELD
1. phytoplankton
2. near the surface of the ocean
3. amphibians
4. in the shallow water of ponds and
streams
5. Answers will vary. High levels of UV
light may cause damage to organisms.
6. They lack shells.
7. Amphibians are especially sensitive to
the environment and are a good indi-
cator of environmental change.
8. UV light can kill them.
9. It increases.
10. They are disrupted, and fish harvests
could be reduced.
11. It can kill amphibians’ eggs.
12. the DNA
13. The population will be put at risk.
SECTION: GLOBAL WARMING
1. a
2. b
3. d
4. global warming
5. greenhouse gases
6. all people worldwide
7. the fact that the average global temper-
ature has increased in the 20th century
8. greenhouse gases
9. the fact that widespread fluctuations
in temperature have occurred through-
out time
10. natural climatic variability
Map Skills
1. latitude
2. east to west
3. west to east; because the wind comes
from the west
4. Answers may vary but should be
between the tropic of Cancer and the
tropic of Capricorn because the pre-
vailing winds there blow west.
5. Answers may vary. Accept all reason-
able responses.
Quiz
SECTION: CLIMATE AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
Matching Multiple Choice
1. d 6. b
2. c 7. d
3. a 8. c
4. e 9. c
5. b 10. a
SECTION: THE OZONE SHIELD
Matching Multiple Choice
1. a 6. d
2. c 7. a
3. e 8. c
4. d 9. a
5. b 10. b
SECTION: GLOBAL WARMING
Matching Multiple Choice
1. c 6. b
2. e 7. a
3. a 8. d
4. d 9. c
5. b 10. d
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Environmental Science 91 Atmosphere and Climate Change
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