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LASER SAFETY

PLAN

CSU CHANNEL ISLANDS

180508JS(

ENVIRONMENTAL(HEALTH(AND(SAFETY(

1.0( PURPOSE*...............................................................................................................................................*3(

2.0( SCOPE*.....................................................................................................................................................*3(

3.0( AUTHORITY*.........................................................................................................................................*3(

4.0( ROLES*AND*RESPONSIBIBLITIES*..................................................................................................*3(

5.0( LASER*CLASSES*...................................................................................................................................*4(

6.0( LASER*ACQUISITION/REGISTRATION*.........................................................................................*5(

7.0( LASER*TRANSFER*AND*DISPOSAL*................................................................................................*5(

8.0( TRAINING*REQUIREMENTS*............................................................................................................*5(

9.0( MANUFACTURE/CONSTRUCTION*.................................................................................................*5(

10.0( MEDICAL*SURVEILLANCE*................................................................................................................*5(

11.0( CONTROL*MEASURES*........................................................................................................................*6(

12.0( NON-BEAM*HAZARDS*.......................................................................................................................*6(

13.0( LASER*USE*OUTDOORS*.....................................................................................................................*6(

14.0( LASER*USED*FOR*PUBLIC*DISPLAYS/ENTERTAINMENT*(Non-Research)*......................*6(

15.0( LASER*POINTERS*................................................................................................................................*7(

16.0( EYEWEAR*..............................................................................................................................................*7(

17.0( EXPOSURE*INCIDENTS*......................................................................................................................*7(

18.0( AUDITS*..................................................................................................................................................*7(

19.0( RECORDS*...............................................................................................................................................*7(

20.0( DEFINITIONS*.......................................................................................................................................*7(

21.0( REVISION*RECORD*.............................................................................................................................*8(

22.0( APPENDIX*A*–*REGISTRATION*FORM*..........................................................................................*9(

23.0( APPENDIX*B*–*TRANSFER/DISPOSAL*FORM* ..........................................................................* 11(

180508JS

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

1.0 PURPOSE

The purpose of this plan is to establish clear and consistent procedures for the safe use of lasers in

research and instructional laboratories at California State University Channel Islands (CSUCI).

2.0 SCOPE

The contents of this manual apply to all University personnel, employees, students and visitors, who

operate lasers or work in locations where lasers are used.

3.0 AUTHORITY

The recognized standard and primary guidance for laser hazards is the American National Standard for

Safe Use of Lasers (ANSI Z136.1). Additionally, laser safety falls under the General Industry Safety

Orders, California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 8, Subchapter 7, Section 3203 (Injury and Illness

Prevention Program).

4.0 ROLES AND RESPONSIBIBLITIES

LASER SAFETY COMMITTEE (LSC)

The Laser Safety Committee may be formed when the number, hazards, complexity, and/or diversity of

laser activities warrants.

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY / LASER SAFETY OFFICER (LSO)

The LSO has the authority to authorize, suspend, and specify conditions of use of all lasers at facilities of,

and areas of administration by CSUCI. The LSO shall:

• Laser safety program development and oversight.

• Maintain registrations for Class 3B or Class 4 laser or laser systems.

• Confirm laser classifications.

• Maintain inventory for all lasers classes.

• Approve and/or perform hazard evaluations for all class 3B and 4 lasers, laser systems and laser-

controlled areas.

• Approve and/or specify control measures for all class 3B and 4 lasers, laser systems and laser-

controlled areas.

• Review standard operating procedures (SOPs), signs, and labels.

• Review safety training and maintain program records.

• Investigate laser incidents.

The LSO may appoint a Laser Safety Supervisor (LSS) and may delegate duties to the LSS in accordance

with ANSI Z136.1.

LASER SAFETY SUPERVISOR (LSS)

The LSS shall maintain the Laser Safety Program for assigned lasers use areas, and may call on the LSO

for assistance as needed. Duties include, however are not limited to:

• Supervise the use of lasers under their authority.

• Maintain an inventory for all lasers under their authority.

• Monitor 3B and 4 lasers and laser system.

• Immediately report any accident, eye exposure, or suspected eye exposure to the LSO.

• Report any safety concerns to the PI or LSO.

180508JS

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR (PI)

The Principal Investigator (PI) shall be designated for each class 3B and 4 lasers. The PI shall have the

responsibility and authority to ensure laser safety compliance for their personnel and equipment. The PI

shall:

• Register each Class 3B and Class 4 laser and laser systems with the LSO.

• Maintain proper classification of all lasers and laser systems under their authority.

• Maintain an inventory for all lasers and laser systems under their authority.

• Generate SOPs for Class 3B and Class 4 laser and laser systems use, alignment and laser specific

training and submit to LSO.

• Implement approved control measures for all 3B and 4 lasers, laser systems and LUA.

• Provide appropriate safety training to laser users.

• Immediately report any accident, eye exposure, or suspected eye exposure to the LSO.

• Report any safety concerns to the LSO.

• Inform the LSO prior to all class 3B and 4 lasers and laser system acquisitions, transfers and

disposals.

LASER USER (LU)

A LU is a person who works with Class 3B and Class 4 lasers and laser systems (including embedded

lasers). The general responsibilities of a LU include, however are not limited to:

• Complete all appropriate laser safety training.

• Read, understand, and comply with lab specific laser standard operating procedures (SOPs).

• Wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

• Immediately report any accident, eye exposure, or suspected eye exposure to the PI or LSS.

• Report any safety concerns to the PI or LSS.

VISITORS and SHORT-TERM RESEARCHERS

Visitors and short-term researchers are individuals who are present in the laboratory as an invited guest of any

CSUCI employee or student researcher for the purpose of doing research or visiting a laboratory environment.

• Short-term researchers must meet the same laser safety-training requirement as campus laser users.

•

The Principal Investigator will provide a laser safety orientation and safety equipment for their laser-

controlled areas.

5.0 LASER CLASSES

Class 1

Lasers and laser systems are incapable of producing damaging radiation levels during normal operation

and are exempt from any control measures. Class 1 laser systems may contain embedded higher-class

lasers and may produce laser hazards if operated with interlocks defeated.

Class 1M

Lasers and laser systems are incapable of producing hazardous exposure conditions during normal

operation unless the beam is viewed with optical instruments.

Class 2

Lasers and laser systems emit wavelengths in the 400 to 700 nm range and are incapable of causing eye

injury unless intentionally viewed directly for an extended period. The normal aversion response to bright

light is adequate protection.

Class 2M

Lasers and laser systems emit visible light only. The normal aversion response to bright light is adequate

protection for unaided viewing. However, viewing the beam with optical aids is potentially hazardous.

180508JS

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

Class 3R (Formerly Class 3A)

Lasers and laser systems are potentially hazardous under some viewing conditions, but the probability of

an actual injury is small, and the control measures for safe use are straightforward. (Most lasers

previously classified as class 3a fall in this category.)

Class 3B

Lasers and laser systems are eye hazards for intrabeam viewing and specular reflections, even for

momentary exposures, but diffuse reflections are not usually hazardous.

Class 4

Lasers and laser systems are eye hazards and skin hazards for intrabeam exposures, specular reflections,

and diffuse reflections. They are also fire hazards and may produce laser generated air contaminants.

6.0 LASER ACQUISITION/REGISTRATION

All Class 3B and Class 4 lasers must be registered with the EH&S Laser Safety Officer prior to

installation and use. The CI Laser Registration Form is available on the Environmental Health and Safety

webpage.

7.0 LASER TRANSFER AND DISPOSAL

Transfer

Complete and submit the Laser Transfer/Disposal form found on the EH&S website prior to a transfer of

Class 3B or Class 4 lasers or laser systems from one PI to another PI on-campus, or if the laser is to be

sold or transferred off-campus.

Disposal

Complete and submit the Laser Transfer/Disposal form found on the EH&S website prior to the disposal

of a Class 3B or Class 4 laser or laser system.

• Lasers and laser systems should be rendered "inoperable" prior to disposal.

• The LSO will coordinate with the hazardous waste program, as appropriate.

• The laser or laser system shall be removed from the inventory upon disposal.

8.0 TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

All operators of Class 3B and 4 lasers and laser systems, all incidental personnel and visitors who may be

allowed to enter laser-controlled areas shall receive approved laser safety training before operating the

laser or entering laser controlled areas.

9.0 MANUFACTURE/CONSTRUCTION

Any classification of laser or laser system that is manufactured from components for formal transfer to an

entity outside the University, shall meet US Food and Drug Administration requirements per 21CFR Part

1040, Federal Laser Product Performance Standard.

A laser or laser system which is manufactured or assembled for internal CSUCI use, or which is designed

for specific temporary use at another entity with explicit intent to return the laser directly to CSUCI is

exempt from this requirement.

An operator manual shall be generated by for all classifications of lasers or laser systems manufactured or

assembled from components.

10.0 MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE

Baseline eye exams are not required. A medical eye exam may be required immediately following a

suspected injury or adverse effect from a laser, under the guidance of medical personnel.

180508JS

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

11.0 CONTROL MEASURES

When used as intended Class 1, 2, and 3R laser systems are generally low hazard devices; however some

requirements still apply.

• Exposure to laser radiation must be kept below the Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) under

all conditions of operation or maintenance.

• Laser systems must have the appropriate warning labels and the appropriate cautionary statement.

• Removal of protective housing or system modification can increase a laser’s classification and

requires approval from the LSO.

All class 3B and 4 lasers and laser systems shall be operated in a laser-controlled area. The requirements

for individual laser-controlled areas shall be determined by the LSO. The minimum requirements for

laser-controlled areas are:

• Entryway controls to allow only authorized personnel or approved spectators to enter the laser

control area. (Administrative controls are acceptable.)

• Conspicuously posted sign or signs with instruction for the protection of personnel.

• Laser safety eyewear readily available and used in accordance with the SOP for class 3B and

class 4 lasers and laser systems.

• Beam control (barriers and beam blocks) to limit laser hazards within the controlled area.

• Class 3B and Class 4 lasers and laser systems written SOP’s shall include beam and non-beam

hazards.

• Training of operators of all class 3B and 4 lasers and laser systems.

Alignment

Class 3B lasers and Class 4 lasers shall have written alignment procedures.

12.0 NON-BEAM HAZARDS

Non-beam hazards often exist in laser-related operations and can pose significant health and safety risks.

All non-beam hazards must be addressed in SOPs. Examples of non-beam hazards may include:

• Electrical hazards from power supplies.

• Laser generated air contaminants (LGAC), which may be generated when a Class 4 or some Class

3B lasers interact with matter.

• Fire hazards from Class 4 lasers.

• Compressed gases.

• Laser dyes and solvents may contain complex fluorescent organic compounds.

13.0 LASER USE OUTDOORS

The Principal Investigator shall inform the LSO of any Class 3R, 3B, or 4 lasers used outdoors for research

projects. The application and operation of the laser system(s) shall be evaluated by the LSO to ensure that

appropriate safety measures are in place prior to operation.

• FAA notification is required (for Class 3R, 3B or 4 lasers) if the laser is being used in navigable

airspace.

14.0 LASER USED FOR PUBLIC DISPLAYS/ENTERTAINMENT (Non-Research)

Any Class 3B or 4 laser used for entertainment, displays, demonstrations, or any related use intended for

public viewing (indoors or outdoors) on CSUCI property shall be operated in accordance with federal,

state, local, and campus regulations/requirements.

• Campus departments and campus-affiliated groups shall notify the LSO of any laser light show

(indoor or outdoor) to be performed on CSUCI property.

• The operators of laser systems used for entertainment are required by law to file a variance

document with the Food and Drug Administration’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health

(FDA/CDRH). If the venue is outdoors and the beam(s) may terminate in navigable airspace, then

the operators are also required to file a report with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

180508JS

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

15.0 LASER POINTERS

Laser Users must comply with the manufacturers operating and safety instructions. The manufacturer is

required by the FDA Center for Devices and Radiological Health to provide correct labeling for their laser

pointers. This information should be clearly visible on the laser pointer.

16.0 EYEWEAR

Laser safety eyewear is required for the operation of class 3B and class 4 lasers and laser systems with

exposed beams. The LSO will require eyewear or approve laser operation without eyewear on an

individual basis, based on a hazard evaluation.

Eyewear shall be selected to provide an adequate level of protection from the laser and for suitability to

the wearer and environment. Eyewear shall be inspected periodically to ensure that the protection level

has not degraded through use and beam exposure.

17.0 EXPOSURE INCIDENTS

• Seek immediate medical attention in the event of an exposure or suspected exposure to laser

radiation capable of an eye or skin injury.

• If an exposure incident occurs, the PI or the person operating the laser must notify the LSO.

• In the case of a suspected eye injury, an eye examination may require by a qualified medical

expert.

• ANSI Z136.1 “ANSI Standard for Safety User of Lasers”, Appendix F, provides guidance for

medical referral following suspected or known laser injury.

18.0 AUDITS

An audit of all class 3B and 4 lasers and the Laser Safety Program shall be conducted periodically by the

LSO or designated personnel.

19.0 RECORDS

The LSO shall maintain records, which document the Laser Safety Program. These records shall include:

• Laser hazard analysis reports for all class 3B and 4 lasers

• Training records for all operators of class 3B and 4 lasers

• Standard Operating Procedures for all class 3B and 4 lasers

• Approvals of alternate laser control measures

• Laser Safety Audit reports

• Laser Inventory

• Laser Incidents

20.0 DEFINITIONS

American National Standards Institute (ANSI) - The technical body which releases the Z136.1 Standard

for the Safe Use of Lasers and Z136.3 Standard for Safe Use of Lasers in Health Care Facilities.

Aversion Response – Closure of the eyelid, eye movement, pupillary construction, or movement of the

head to avoid an exposure to noxious or bright light stimulant. The aversion response to an exposure from

a bright, visible, laser source is assumed to limit the exposure of a specific retinal area to 0.25 s or less.

Diffuse Reflection - When an incident radiation beam is scattered in many directions, reducing its

intensity. A diffusely reflecting surface will have irregularities larger than the wavelength of the incident

radiation beam.

Embedded Laser – An enclosed laser that has a higher classification than the laser system in which it is

incorporated, where the system’s lower classification is appropriate due to the engineering features

limiting accessible emission.

180508JS

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

Intrabeam Viewing - The viewing condition whereby the eye is exposed to all or part of a laser beam.

Irradiance - The power being delivered over the area of the laser beam. Also called power density,

irradiance applies to CW lasers and is expressed in W/cm

Laser – Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.

Laser Controlled Area (LCA) – An area where the occupancy and activity of those within is subject to

control and supervision for the purpose of protection from laser radiation.

Laser User - Any person who uses a laser for any purpose on the CSUCI campus or off-campus property.

Laser Safety Officer (LSO) - A member of the EH&S staff, the laser safety officer (LSO) is responsible

for implementation of the Laser Safety Program.

Radiant Exposure - The energy being delivered over the area of the laser beam. Also called energy

density, radiant exposure applies to pulsed lasers and is expressed in J/cm

Specular Reflection - Results when an incident radiation beam is reflected off a surface whose

irregularities are smaller than the radiation wavelength.

Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation - Invisible radiation with a wavelength between 10 nm and 400 nm. The near

ultraviolet (UV-A) is the 315 to 400 nm band, the mid ultraviolet (UV-B) is the 280 to 315 nm band, the

far ultraviolet (UV-C) is the 100 nm to 280 nm band, and the extreme ultraviolet is the 10 to 100 nm

band. Note: Wavelengths below 200 nm are absorbed in the atmosphere and are known as the vacuum

ultraviolet.

Visible Light - Radiation that can be detected by the human eye. These wavelengths are between 400 and

780 nm

21.0 REVISION RECORD

Revision

Changes

Date

1.0

04/04/2017 Original Document

April 2017

PI Name:

First

PI E-mail

Office Location (Bld & Room)

Phone Numbers: Office

Cell

Name:

E-mail

Laser Safety Supervisor (LSS)

Office Location (Bld. & Room)

Phone Numbers: Office

Cell

Description of Laser Use / Research:

Laser Device Registration

 







22.0

APPENDIX A – REGISTRATION

FORM

Z # created by

EH&S upon form

submittal

Z-

First

Last

First

Last

M.I.

Operating Wavelengths (nm): Typical

Ranges

Beam Diameter at aperture (mm)

Beam Divergence (mrad)

Mode of Operation

For CW

MD[LPXP

MLQLPXP

Typical

For Pulse

Pulse Duration: Units

MD[LPXP

0LQLPXP

Repetition Rate: Units

Maximum

Minimum

Typical

Energy/Pulse: Units

Maximum

Minimum

Typical

'HVFULSWLRQRI/DVHU and Lab Setup:

Power: Units

Location

Laser Information

Location Phone

If Other, please specify

Serial #

CI Tag #

Manufacturer:

Model:

Class:

,I7\SHLV2WKHUSOHDVHVSHFLI\:

Typical

CSUCI Environmental Health and Safety

Type:

22.0 APPENDIX A – REGISTRATION FORM

Coherent

HeNe

3b (IIIB)

Save a Copy As...

Submit to EHS

Laser Transfer/Disposa

l Form

This form provides notice

of relocation or disposal of a Class 3B or 4 laser or laser system.

PI Name: Registration #:

Las

er Safety Supervisor:

Laser Information:

Manufacturer: Model:

Serial Number:

7\SH If other, please specify:

Wavelength(s):

Max. output power/energy:

Pulse Rate (Hz)

Pulse Length

System or device in which the laser is housed (if applicable):

Laser class during normal operation of the system: Class Normal

Laser class during alignment procedures (if applicable): Class Align

Laser Procedure (SOP) Title:

TRANSFER INFORMATION:

Anticipated date of

relocation:PPGG\\\\

From (current location):

To (new location):

Name:

Phone #:

Email:

Additional information:

Email:

Name:

one #:

DISPOSAL INFORMATION:

Hazardous Materials within laser system:

List Components of laser system:

CSUCI Environmental Health and Safety

23.0 APPENDIX B – TRANSFER/DISPOSAL FORM

Z-

HeNe

Pulse

3A (IIIA)

Submit to EHS

Save at Copy as...

Damaged/inoperable

Download
Save PDF to desktop

Email
Email completed PDF

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